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41.
Dimensional analysis is presented as a powerful tool in the study of the paste boriding process. In particular, a dimensional method is used to study the growth kinetics of the boride layers FeB and Fe2B. Experiments were performed in AISI 1045 steel and AISI M2 steel, to test the suggested model. Samples of 1045 steel were prepared and treated using boron paste thickness of 3-5 mm, at temperatures of 1193, 1223 and 1273 K, with 2, 4 and 6 h of treatment time. The M2 specimens had boron paste thickness of 3 and 4 mm and temperatures of 1223, 1253 and 1273 K for 2 and 6 h. Results indicate that the growth of boron layers obeys power laws of the form y = αxβ, where α and β constants are a function of the material and the interface of interest. Validation of the model was carried out using experimental data with an average error percentage of 7.6% for Fe2B in 1045 steel, 15.8% for FeB and 3.4% for Fe2B in M2 steel. 相似文献
42.
Mercury removal from aqueous solution and flue gas by adsorption on activated carbon fibres 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
João Valente Nabais P.J.M. Carrott Marisa Belchior Tatiana Diall 《Applied Surface Science》2006,252(17):6046-6052
The use of two activated carbon fibres, one laboratorial sample prepared from a commercial acrylic textile fibre and one commercial sample of Kynol®, as prepared/received and modified by reaction with powdered sulfur and H2S gas in order to increase the sulfur content were studied for the removal of mercury from aqueous solution and from flue gases from a fluidized bed combustor. The sulfur introduced ranged from 1 to 6 wt.% depending on the method used. The most important parameter for the mercury uptake is the type of sulfur introduced rather than the total amount and it was found that the H2S treatment of ACF leads to samples with the highest mercury uptake, despite the lower sulfur amount introduced. The modified samples by both methods can remove HgCl2 from aqueous solutions at pH 6 within the range 290-710 mg/g (ACF) which can be favourably compared with other studies already published. The use of a filter made with an activated carbon fibre modified by powdered sulfur totally removed the mercury species present in the flue gases produced by combustion of fossil fuel. 相似文献
43.
On a recursive method for the estimation of unknown parameters of partially observed chaotic systems
We investigate a recently proposed method for on-line parameter estimation and synchronization in chaotic systems. This novel technique has been shown effective to estimate a single unknown parameter of a primary chaotic system with known functional form that is only partially observed through a scalar time series. It works by periodically updating the parameter of interest in a secondary system, with the same functional form as the primary one but no explicit coupling between their dynamic variables, in order to minimize a suitably defined cost function. In this paper, we review the basics of the method, and investigate its robustness and new extensions. In particular, we study the performance of the novel technique in the presence of noise (either observational, i.e., an additive contamination of the observed time series, or dynamical, i.e., a random perturbation of the system dynamics) and when there is a mismatch between the primary and secondary systems. Numerical results, including comparisons with other techniques, are presented. Finally, we investigate the extension of the original method to perform the estimation of two unknown parameters and illustrate its effectiveness by means of computer simulations. 相似文献
44.
L. G. Marcassa V. A. Nascimento L. L. Caliri A. Caires D. V. Magalhães V. S. Bagnato 《Laser Physics》2006,16(12):1722-1725
In this paper, we report observation of an enhancement of the ground state molecule Rb2 formation in a Rb magneto-optical trap due to a photoassociation laser. Such an enhancement effect is due to flux enhancement of atomic pairs at short internuclear distances. Our experimental observations consist in the measurement of the molecular formation rate constant due to a probe laser as a function of the trap laser intensity. The results are compared with a simple semi-classical model, showing good agreement. We conclude that the production of cold Rb2 may be enhanced using appropriate laser parameters; this may be useful for future experiments involving production and trapping of ultracold ground state molecules. 相似文献
45.
Magnetization measurements in the (Dy
x
Y1−x
)Fe2 intermetallic compounds show evidence of blocking of domain wall motion. This effect is a function of concentrationx. The direction of magnetization is also dependent on the Dy concentration. We have used the Mossbauer spectroscopy of57Fe to verify the direction of magnetization in the series as a function ofx and temperature. The results show that this change in easy direction occurs at higher temperatures than those where the blocking
is detected through DC magnetization measurements.
supported by RHAE/SCT. 相似文献
46.
Wieczorek-Ciurowa K. Gamrat K. Paryło M. Shirokov Ju. G. 《Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry》2002,70(1):165-172
The physical mixtures of hydroxocarbonates of Cu and Ni with aluminium were activated using a laboratory planetary mill. The
chemical reactions and alloy formations as the effects of grinding were followed by the phase analysis of solid products based
on the thermogravimetry and X-ray diffractometry. Experimental evidence indicates that the nature of reactions and products
of mechanical activation was dependent on the amount of aluminium and time of grinding.
This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
47.
We study interpolation, generated by an abstract method of means, of bilinear operators between quasi-Banach spaces. It is
shown that under suitable conditions on the type of these spaces and the boundedness of the classical convolution operator
between the corresponding quasi-Banach sequence spaces, bilinear interpolation is possible. Applications to the classical
real method spaces, Calderón-Lozanovsky spaces, and Lorentz-Zygmund spaces are presented.
The author is supported by the National Science Foundation under grant DMS 0099881.
The author is supported by KBN Grant 1 P03A 013 26. 相似文献
48.
49.
Manuel Fernández-López Eduardo García-Río Demir N. Kupeli 《Annals of Global Analysis and Geometry》2002,21(1):1-13
A characterization of time functions on a spacetime is made by using theMöbius equation. It is shown that a time function characterized in this wayyields past timelike geodesic incompleteness and local Lorentzian warpedproduct decomposition of spacetime, provided that the stress-energy tensoris a fluid. Also, by imposing additional assumptions on the stress-energytensor and global analytic structure of the spacetime, more restrictivedecompositions closer to Robertson–Walker spacetimes are obtained. 相似文献
50.
M. Aglietta B. Alessandro P. Antonioli F. Arneodo L. Bergamasco A. Campos Fauth C. Castagnoli A. Castellina C. Cattadori A. Chiavassa et al. 《Il Nuovo Cimento C》1992,15(4):441-446
Summary A search for cosmic gamma-ray bursts in the GeV energy range has been performed by means of the EAS-TOP Extensive Air Shower
array at Campo Imperatore (Gran Sasso Laboratories) during the period March–December 1990. In 2566.5 hours of measurement
the obtained upper limit to the rate of bursts of amplitude >2% of the cosmic-ray intensity and time duration τ=1 s, isR≤7.9y−1 (90% c.l.). Assuming for γ-rays a differential energy spectrumS(E
0
)≈E
0
−2.5
, the corresponding upper limit to the energy flux of γ-rays with energy >5 GeV in bursts of duration τ≤1 s is Φ<8.3·10−5erg cm−2. 相似文献