Lie algebras with few centralizers

We will characterize all finite dimensional Lie algebras with at most |F|²+|F|+2 centralizers, where F is the underlying field of Lie algebras under consideration.     

Catalytic effect of lucunary heteropolyanion containing molybdenum and tungsten atoms on decolorization of direct blue 71

In this research,a lucunary Keggin structure,[PMo₂W₉O₃₉]^7- was selected as an efficient homogenous catalyst for degradation of an azo dye（direct blue 71） and a simple method was developed for degradation of DB71.The method is based on the oxidation of azo dye in the presence of a lucunary Keggin form of polyoxometalates,K₇[PMo₂W₉O₃₉]? 19H₂O,as a homogenous catalyst at room temperature.The reaction is monitored spectrophotometrically by measuring the absorbance of dye atλ=585 nm.Some parameters including concentration of catalyst,concentration of H₂O₂,pH and reaction time were investigated and optimized. Results show that K₇[PMo₂W₉O₃₉]? 19H₂O is more efficient in the presence of hydrogen peroxide.Degradation of dye in the presence of the catalyst and H₂O₂ could lead to the disappearance approximately 65%of dye after 60 min.But degradation for the same experiment performed in the absence of catalyst or in the absence of H₂O₂ was 22%or 5%respectively.Approximately 87% azo dyes has been eliminated after 90 min in the presence of catalyst,H₂O₂ and optimize conditions(0.6 g/L of K₇[PMo_2- W₉O₃₉H₉H₂O,0.08 mol/L hydrogen peroxide and room temperature).     

Synthesis and characterization of copper(II) Schiff base complex supported on Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticles: a recyclable catalyst for the one‐pot synthesis of 2,3‐dihydroquinazolin‐4(1H)‐ones

Fe₃O₄–Schiff base of Cu(II) is found to be a recyclable and heterogeneous catalyst for the rapid and efficient synthesis of various 2,3‐dihydroquinazolin‐4(1H)‐one derivatives from the two‐component condensation of 2‐aminobenzamide and an aldehyde. This reaction is simple, green and cost‐effective. Separation and recycling can also be easily done by magnetic decantation of the Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles with an external magnet. The prepared catalyst was characterized using thermogravimetry, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, vibrating sample magnetometry, inductively coupled plasma analysis, X‐ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

A New Complex as a Dimer of a Silver Ion with AMTTO and Phosphane Ligands. The Crystal Structure of {[(AMTTO)Ag(PPh3)2]NO3}2·0.5CH3OH·0.5H2O

Reaction of 4‐amino‐6‐methyl‐1,2,4‐triazine‐3‐thione‐5‐on (AMTTO) as a bidentate ligand with silver nitrate and triphenyl phosphine as the co‐ligand make the centrosymmetric dimeric complex {[(AMTTO)Ag(PPh₃)₂]NO₃}₂·0.5CH₃OH·0.5H₂O ( 1 ). 1 was characterized by elemental analyses, IR‐ and NMR spectroscopy as well as X‐ray diffraction studies. The silver atom in 1 has distorted tetrahedral coordination. 1 crystallizes in triclinic space group . Crystal data for 1 at −80 °C: a = 1185.8(1), b = 1314.6(1), c = 1385.3(1) pm, α = 97.78(1)°, β = 111.38(1)°, γ = 92.41(1)°, Z = 2, R₁ = 0.0377.     

Expedient multicomponent synthesis of a small library of some novel highly substituted pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidine derivatives mediated and promoted by deep eutectic solvent and in vitro and quantum mechanical study of their antibacterial and antifungal activities

Molecular Diversity - A facile and efficient catalyst- and oxidant-free multicomponent synthesis of a small library of highly substituted pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidine derivatives is reported. The...     

Syntheses,Characterization and X‐ray Structure of the First Silver(I) Complexes with 4‐Amino‐3‐thioxo‐3,4‐dihydro‐1,2,4‐triazin‐5(2H)‐one

Reaction of thiocarbohydrazide with glyoxolic acid monohydrate led to 4‐amino‐3‐thioxo‐3,4‐dihydro‐1,2,4‐triazin‐5(2H)‐one (AHTTO, 1 ). Treatment of 1 with AgNO₃ and PPh₃ gave thecomplexes [(PPh₃)₂Ag₂(μ‐N,S‐AHTTO)₂](NO₃)₂ ( 2 ) and [(PPh₃)₂Ag(AHTTO)]NO₃ · MeOH ( 3 ) was obtained under different conditions. All the compounds have been characterized by elemental analyses, IR spectroscopy and X‐ray diffraction studies.     

A simple and efficient procedure for the synthesis of optically active s-triazolothiadiazole derivatives

A series of novel s-triazolothiadiazoles 3a-h were prepared by condensation reaction of substituted amino triazoles la-b with N-phethaloyl-L-amino acids 2a-d in the presence of the phosphoroxy chloride（POCl₃） as an anhydrous reagent.The structure of all synthesized compounds was confirmed by IR,¹H NMR,and ¹³C NMR spectroscopy.     

Effect of Different Purification Techniques on the Characteristics of Heteropolysaccharide-Protein Biopolymer from Durian (<em>Durio zibethinus</em>) Seed

Natural biopolymers from plant sources contain many impurities (e.g., fat, protein, fiber, natural pigment and endogenous enzymes), therefore, an efficient purification process is recommended to minimize these impurities and consequently improve the functional properties of the biopolymer. The main objective of the present study was to investigate the effect of different purification techniques on the yield, protein content, solubility, water- and oil-holding capacity of a heteropolysaccharide-protein biopolymer obtained from durian seed. Four different purification methods using different chemicals and solvents (i.e., A (isopropanol and ethanol), B (isopropanol and acetone), C (saturated barium hydroxide), and D (Fehling solution)] to liberate the purified biopolymer from its crude form were compared. In most cases, the purification process significantly (p < 0.05) improved the physicochemical properties of heteropolysaccharide-protein biopolymer from durian fruit seed. The present work showed that the precipitation using isopropanol and acetone (Method B) resulted in the highest purification yield among all the tested purification techniques. The precipitation using saturated barium hydroxide (Method C) led to induce the highest solubility and relatively high capacity of water absorption. The current study reveals that the precipitation using Fehling solution (Method D) most efficiently eliminates the protein fraction, thus providing more pure biopolymer suitable for biological applications.     

In-Syringe Electrokinetic Protein Removal from Biological Samples prior to Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry

Here, an electrokinetic extraction (EkE) syringe is presented allowing for on-line electrokinetic removal of serum proteins before ESI-MS. The proposed concept is demonstrated by the determination of pharmaceuticals from human serum within minutes, with sample preparation limited to a 5× dilution of the sample in the background electrolyte (BGE) and application of voltage, both of which can be performed in-syringe. Signal enhancements of 3.6–32 fold relative to direct infusion of diluted serum and up to 10.8 fold enhancement, were obtained for basic and acidic pharmaceuticals, respectively. Linear correlations for the basic drugs by EkE-ESI-MS/MS were achieved, covering the necessary clinical range with LOQs of 5.3, 7.8, 6.1, and 17.8 ng mL⁻¹ for clomipramine, chlorphenamine, pindolol, and atenolol, respectively. For the acidic drugs, the EkE-ESI-MS LOQs were 3.1 μg mL⁻¹ and 2.9 μg mL⁻¹ for naproxen and paracetamol, respectively. The EkE-ESI-MS and EkE-ESI-MS/MS methods showed good accuracy (%found of 81 % to 120 %), precision (≤20 %), and linearity (r>0.997) for all the studied drugs in spiked serum samples.     

Reaction between alkyl isocyanides and dialkyl acetylenedicarboxylates in the presence of N-alkyl isatins: convenient synthesis of γ-spiro-iminolactones

The highly reactive 1:1 intermediate generated in the reaction between an alkyl isocyanide and a dialkyl acetylenedicarboxylate is trapped by N-alkyl isatin to yield iminolactones in fairly high yields.