Observation of stimulated Brillouin scattering in polymer optical fiber with pump-probe technique

Stimulated Brillouin scattering (SBS) in a perfluorinated graded-index polymer optical fiber (POF) with 120 μm core diameter was experimentally observed for the first time, to the best of our knowledge, at 1.55 μm wavelength with the pump-probe technique. Compared to spontaneous Brillouin scattering previously reported, the Brillouin gain spectrum (BGS) was detected with an extremely high signal-to-noise ratio, even with a short POF (1 m) and scrambled polarization state. We also investigated the BGS dependences on probe power and temperature, which indicate that SBS in a POF measured with this technique can be utilized to develop high-accuracy temperature sensing systems.     

衬底对Cu(In,Ga)Se2薄膜织构的影响

分别在苏打石灰玻璃、Mo箔、无择优取向的Mo薄膜以及(110)择优取向的Mo薄膜四种不同衬底上,采用共蒸发工艺沉积约2μm厚的Cu(In,Ga)Se2薄膜,用X射线衍射仪测量薄膜的织构,研究衬底对Cu(In,Ga)Se2薄膜织构的影响.在以上四种衬底上沉积的Cu(In,Ga)Se2薄膜的(112)衍射峰强度依次逐渐减弱,(220/204)衍射峰从无到有且强度逐渐增强.在苏打石灰玻璃和Mo箔衬底上的Cu(In,Ga)Se2薄膜具有明显的(112)择优生长,而在(110)取向的Mo薄膜衬底上,Cu(In,Ga)Se2薄膜的织构为(220/204)取向.研究结果表明,只有(110)择优取向的Mo薄膜衬底对Cu(In,Ga)Se2薄膜(220/204)织构的形成有重要影响.     

Combustion of partially premixed spray jets

Gas turbines, liquid rocket motors, and oil-fired furnaces utilize the spray combustion of continuously injected liquid fuels. In most cases, the liquid spray is mixed with an oxidizer prior to combustion, and further oxidizer is supplied from the outside of the spray to complete diffusion combustion. This rich premixed spray is called “partially premixed spray.” Partially premixed sprays have not been studied systematically although they are of practical importance. In the present study, the burning behavior of partially premixed sprays was experimentally studied with a newly developed spray burner. A fuel spray and an oxidizer, diluted with nitrogen, was injected into the air. The overall equivalence ratio of the spray jet was set larger than unity to establish partially premixed spray combustion. In the present burner, the mean droplet diameter of the atomized liquid fuel could be varied without varying the overall equivalence ratio of the spray jet. Two combustion modes with and without an internal flame were observed. As the mean droplet diameter was increased or the overall equivalence ratio of the spray jet was decreased, the transition from spray combustion only with an external group flame to that with the internal premixed flame occurred. The results suggest that the internal flame was supported by flammable mixture through the vaporization of fine droplets, and the passage of droplet clusters deformed the internal flame and caused internal flame oscillation. The existence of the internal premixed flame enhanced the vaporization of droplets in the post-premixed-flame zone within the external diffusion flame.     

Multianalyte immunoassay based on surface‐enhanced Raman spectroscopy

In this paper, two immunoassay methods based on SERS are developed for multiplex analysis, both of which stemmed from the concept of forming a sandwich structure ‘capture antibody substrate/antigen/Raman‐reporter‐labeled immuno‐nanoparticles’. They are two‐molecule labeled one‐nanoparticle and one‐molecule labeled two‐nanoparticle methods. In both the methods, two different antibodies covalently bound to a solid substrate can specifically capture two different antigens from a sample. The captured antigens in turn bind selectively to their corresponding antibodies immobilized on Raman‐reporter‐labeled nanoparticles. Multianalyte immunoassay is successfully demonstrated by the detection of characteristic Raman bands of the probe molecules only when the antigen and antibody are matched. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Thermoelectric properties of porous silicon

We have studied the thermoelectric properties of porous silicon, a nanostructured, yet single-crystalline form of silicon. Using electrochemical etching, liquid-phase doping, and high-temperature passivation, we show that porous Si can be fabricated such that it has thermoelectric properties superior to bulk Si, for both n- and p-type doping. Hall measurements reveal that the charge carrier mobility is reduced compared to the bulk material which presently limits the increase in thermoelectric efficiency.     

Progress in the beam commissioning of separated function RFQ accelerator

Separated Function RFQ (SFRFQ) was proposed as a post accelerator of RFQ to accelerate heavy ions at low frequency. It introduces gap accelerating in the quadrupole electrodes, and therefore it has higher accelerating efficiency than the conventional RFQ accelerator. The first SFRFQ prototype cavity has been specially designed and constructed as a post accelerator to accelerate O+ beam from 1.03 MeV to 1.64 MeV. Based on accomplishment of low power measurement and high power test, the beam commissioning was carried out to verify its feasibility. The measured energy gain per cell of SFRFQ is 45 keV, which is about 60% higher than that of Peking University Integral Split Ring (ISR) RFQ.     

黄腐酸平台化合物制备及特性构成光谱表征

近年来煤基高附加值化学品提取制备的前沿科学研究发现,黄腐酸平台化合物（FAPC）作为一类具有特殊功效的团簇族特性组装分子集合体,在现代农业、生物医药及功能材料等方面有良好应用前景,黄腐酸平台化合物制备提取基础理论及化学构成研究具有重要科学意义;简介了黄腐酸平台化合物基于不同源物质的制备提取方法,重点阐述了煤基物选择解离规律、黄腐酸平台化合物特征官能团构成及自组装结构特性的光谱解析,研究结果表明：酸碱反应、离子交换、生物转化及微波等途径,可以实现黄腐酸平台化合物选择性制备提取;通过红外、核磁共振、荧光光谱、电子与振动光谱及分子模拟等手段,能够从不同光谱谱图特征指认对制备所得黄腐酸平台化合物分子群组分进行分子结构、官能团、分子链、自组装空间构型、基团结构及构建方式有效检测表征;多谱图综合揭示黄腐酸平台化合物主要由羧羟基、酚羟基、醌基和羰基类分子构成;选择性解离生成的活性小分子因相关分子特性取向形成自组装集体,具备界面友好、微纳米尺寸、电学储能及良好生物相容性特点;通过对比分析对黄腐酸平台化合物制备规律进行了优缺点揭示,并对黄腐酸平台化合物未来理论研究与应用前景做了展望。     

Ignition model of boron particle based on the change of oxide layer structure

The oxide layer of boron particle is generally regarded as a two-layer structure the inner layer is B₂O₃ and the outer is (BO)_n. However, under lower temperature, a tiny layer of B₂O₃ can be generated at the surface of the (BO)_n and form a three-layer structure during the ignition process, which has been proven by experimental phenomenon. Accordingly, a parameter xo is adopted to represent the thickness of the outer B₂O₃(l) layer (outermost layer), and a simplified kinetic and diffusion model for the ignition process of boron particles in dry and wet atmosphere is developed with considering the generation and consumption process of the outermost layer. The ignition process is divided into two parts (ignition delay and first-stage combustion) by the parameter xo. The ignition temperature is defined as the particle temperature at the moment that xo reaches 0. When xo?>?0, the particle is under the ignition delay process, and the evaporation product is B₂O₃(g). When xo?=?0, the particle turns to the first-stage combustion process. (BO)_n is exposed to the environment, the evaporation products are B₂O₂(g) and B₂O₃(g), and the particle is under the two-layer structure. The oxygen diffusion inward is available during these two processes. The ignition time which is predicted by this model is in good agreement with published experimental data. Under a real ramjet condition, higher ambient temperature and concentration of water vapor can reduce both the maximum value of xo and the ignition time. The ignition temperature decreases with higher water vapor concentration, but increases with the higher ambient temperature.     

交连值对斜率响应矩阵和迭代矩阵稀疏度的影响

基于529单元自适应光学(AO)系统,分析了变形镜到哈特曼波前传感器的斜率响应矩阵的稀疏特性、波前复原中迭代矩阵的稀疏特性.在变形镜驱动器间距不变的条件下,研究了驱动器交连值对斜率响应矩阵稀疏度、迭代矩阵稀疏度以及AO系统校正能力的影响.研究表明,斜率响应矩阵和迭代矩阵的稀疏度随交连值的增大而减小;交连值过大或者过小都会影响AO系统的稳定性和校正能力.最后,综合斜率响应矩阵和迭代矩阵的稀疏度、系统稳定性和校正能力,给出了交连值的合理取值范围.     

The abnormal lattice contraction of plutonium hydrides studied by first-principles calculations

Pu can be loaded with H forming complicated continuous solid solutions and compounds,and causing remarkable electronic and structural changes.Full potential linearized augmented plane wave methods combined with Hubbard parameter U and the spin-orbit effects are employed to investigate the electronic and structural properties of stoichiometric and non-stoichiometric face-centered cubic Pu hydrides(PuHx,x=2,2.25,2.5,2.75,3).The decreasing trend with increasing x of the calculated lattice parameters is in reasonable agreement with the experimental findings.A comparative analysis of the electronic-structure results for a series of PuH x compositions reveals that the lattice contraction results from the associated effects of the enhanced chemical bonding and the size effects involving the interstitial atoms.We find that the size effects are the driving force for the abnormal lattice contraction.