全文获取类型
收费全文 | 1060篇 |
免费 | 13篇 |
专业分类
化学 | 779篇 |
晶体学 | 10篇 |
力学 | 7篇 |
数学 | 127篇 |
物理学 | 150篇 |
出版年
2021年 | 7篇 |
2019年 | 8篇 |
2016年 | 14篇 |
2015年 | 11篇 |
2014年 | 13篇 |
2013年 | 49篇 |
2012年 | 37篇 |
2011年 | 32篇 |
2010年 | 31篇 |
2009年 | 31篇 |
2008年 | 59篇 |
2007年 | 57篇 |
2006年 | 47篇 |
2005年 | 62篇 |
2004年 | 38篇 |
2003年 | 49篇 |
2002年 | 66篇 |
2001年 | 14篇 |
2000年 | 13篇 |
1999年 | 12篇 |
1998年 | 13篇 |
1997年 | 19篇 |
1996年 | 15篇 |
1995年 | 8篇 |
1994年 | 14篇 |
1993年 | 5篇 |
1992年 | 17篇 |
1991年 | 6篇 |
1990年 | 7篇 |
1989年 | 8篇 |
1988年 | 10篇 |
1987年 | 15篇 |
1986年 | 12篇 |
1985年 | 19篇 |
1984年 | 30篇 |
1983年 | 11篇 |
1982年 | 31篇 |
1981年 | 26篇 |
1980年 | 20篇 |
1979年 | 13篇 |
1978年 | 12篇 |
1977年 | 14篇 |
1976年 | 16篇 |
1975年 | 21篇 |
1974年 | 8篇 |
1973年 | 7篇 |
1972年 | 5篇 |
1971年 | 6篇 |
1968年 | 4篇 |
1966年 | 5篇 |
排序方式: 共有1073条查询结果,搜索用时 533 毫秒
991.
Hatsuo Yamamura Hironori Tashiro Jumpei Kawasaki Koji Kawamura Kawai Masao 《Tetrahedron》2007,63(9):2064-2069
Five regioisomeric cyclomaltoheptaose (β-cyclodextrin) tetramesitylenesulfonates were prepared and each of them was isolated by a combination of reversed and ordinary phase chromatographic separations. The positions of the substituents on each regioisomer were unambiguously determined using interresidual NOEs. As a result of this study, an indexed library of sulfonylated β-cyclodextrins composed of 19 sulfonates has been established. 相似文献
992.
To deal with the robust portfolio selection problem where only partial information on the exit time distribution and on the conditional distribution of portfolio return is available, we extend the worst-case VaR approach and formulate the corresponding problems as semi-definite programs. Moreover, we present some numerical results with real market data. 相似文献
993.
Kentarou Imamura Masao Takahashi Shigeki Imai Hikaru Kobayashi 《Surface science》2009,603(7):968-5756
A relatively thick (i.e., ∼9 nm) SiO2 layer can be formed by oxidation of Si with nitric acid (HNO3) vapor below 500 °C. In spite of the low temperature formation, the leakage current density flowing through the SiO2 layer is considerably low, and it follows the Fowler-Nordheim mechanism. From the Fowler-Nordheim plots, the conduction band offset energy at the SiO2/Si interface is determined to be 2.57 and 2.21 eV for HNO3 vapor oxidation at 500 and 350 °C, respectively. From X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy measurements, the valence band offset energy is estimated to be 4.80 and 4.48 eV, respectively, for 500 and 350 °C oxidation. The band-gap energy of the SiO2 layer formed at 500 °C (8.39 eV) is 0.68 eV larger than that formed at 350 °C. The higher band-gap energy for 500 °C oxidation is mainly attributable to the higher atomic density of the SiO2 layer of 2.46 × 1022/cm3. Another reason may be the absence of SiO2 trap-states. 相似文献
994.
Masao Kamiko Atsuhito Nakamura Kazuaki Aotani Ryoichi Yamamoto 《Applied Surface Science》2009,256(4):1257-1260
The influence of a Bi surfactant layer on the structural and magnetic properties of Co/Cu multilayers grown onto Cu(1 1 0) buffer layer by RF magnetron sputtering has been studied. The results of X-ray diffraction revealed the initial deposition of a 2.0 Å-thick Bi layer onto the Cu buffer layer prior to the deposition of the Co/Cu multilayer yielded high-quality fcc-(1 1 0) oriented epitaxial films. The X-ray photoelectron spectra revealed that Bi was segregated at around the top of the surface. Therefore, Bi was concluded to be an effective surfactant to enhance the epitaxial growth of Co/Cu(1 1 0) multilayer. The maximum giant magnetoresistance and antiferromagnetic interlayer coupling ratios of the Co/Cu multilayers were increased by using the Bi surfactant layer. 相似文献
995.
Sarkar M. Abe Kawsar Imtiaj Hasan Sultana Rajia Yasuhiro Koide Yuki Fujii Ryuhei Hayashi Masao Yamada Yasuhiro Ozeki 《Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)》2021,26(16)
Lectins facilitate cell–cell contact and are critical in many cellular processes. Studying lectins may help us understand the mechanisms underlying tissue regeneration. We investigated the localization of an R-type lectin in a marine annelid (Perinereis sp.) with remarkable tissue regeneration abilities. Perinereis nuntia lectin (PnL), a galactose-binding lectin with repeating Gln-X-Trp motifs, is derived from the ricin B-chain. An antiserum was raised against PnL to specifically detect a 32-kDa lectin in the crude extracts from homogenized lugworms. The antiserum detected PnL in the epidermis, setae, oblique muscle, acicula, nerve cord, and nephridium of the annelid. Some of these tissues and organs also produced Galactose (Gal) or N-acetylgalactosamine (GalNAc), which was detected by fluorescent-labeled plant lectin. These results indicated that the PnL was produced in the tissues originating from the endoderm, mesoderm, and ectoderm. Besides, the localizing pattern of PnL partially merged with the binding pattern of a fluorescent-labeled mushroom lectin that binds to Gal and GalNAc. It suggested that PnL co-localized with galactose-containing glycans in Annelid tissue; this might be the reason PnL needed to be extracted with haptenic sugar, such as d-galactose, in the buffer. Furthermore, we found that a fluorescein isothiocyanate-labeled Gal/GalNAc-binding mushroom lectin binding pattern in the annelid tissue overlapped with the localizing pattern of PnL. These findings suggest that lectin functions by interacting with Gal-containing glycoconjugates in the tissues. 相似文献
996.
Takafumi Fukushima Toshiyuki Oyama Takao Iijima Masao Tomoi Hiroshi Itatani 《Journal of polymer science. Part A, Polymer chemistry》2001,39(19):3451-3463
A soluble multiblock copolyimide without specific functional groups such as OH and COOH was prepared by a direct one‐pot polycondensation of two types of dianhydrides and diamines in the presence of γ‐valerolactone/pyridine catalyst using N‐methylpyrrolidone (NMP)/toluene mixture as a solvent. The polyimide film containing the photosensitive agent diazonaphthoquinone (DNQ) compound gave positive‐tone behavior by UV irradiation, followed by development in a mixture of ethanolamine/NMP/H2O (1/1/1 by weight). The scanning electron microscopic photograph of the resultant image showed fine patterns with about 20 μm film thickness. Its pattern forming was based on the photorearrangement of diazonaphthoquinone, a process in which the ring‐opening reaction of imide units of the polyimide with the amine used as a developer and the following degradation of the polymer are induced. Such a new imaging technique combines principles of photolithography and etching of a polyimide to give, what we call, reaction development patterning in which the main chemical reactions directly related to the pattern formation occur during development. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 39: 3451–3463, 2001 相似文献
997.
The mixed complementarity problem can be reformulated as a nonsmooth equation by using the median operator. In this paper, we first study some useful properties of this reformulation and then derive the Chen-Harker-Kanzow-Smale smoothing function for the mixed complementarity problem. On the basis of this smoothing function, we present a smoothing Newton method for solving the mixed complementarity problem. Under suitable conditions, the method exhibits global and quadratic convergence properties. We also present a smoothing Broyden-like method based on the same smoothing function. Under appropriate conditions, the method converges globally and superlinearly. 相似文献
998.
When the esters of arylboronic acids with 2,2-dimethylpropan-1,3-diol were treated with a catalytic amount of [Rh(OH)(cod)]2 in the presence of 1,3-bis(diphenylphosphino)propane and CsF in dioxane at 60 degrees C under carbon dioxide atmosphere, the benzoic acid derivatives were obtained in good yields. Reactions of alkenylboronic esters also proceeded under similar conditions to give alpha,beta-unsaturated carboxylic acids. As these boronic esters are now easily available through coupling or direct borylation reactions, this method would be a useful method for the preparation of various functionalized aryl- and alkenyl-carboxylic acids. 相似文献
999.
Han HF Nakamura N Zuo F Hirakawa A Yokozawa T Hattori M 《Chemical & pharmaceutical bulletin》2006,54(4):496-500
Mycelia of Antrodia cinnamomea were extracted with chloroform and hot water. A neutral polysaccharide named ACN2a separated from the water extract was purified using 10% CCl3COOH, and repeated column chromatography on HW-65 and DE-52 cellulose. Its structure was determined by chemical and spectroscopic analyses. ACN2a was composed of Gal, Glc, Fuc, Man and GalN (in the ratio 1:0.24:0.07:0.026:faint), in which an alpha-D-(1-->6)-Gal linkage accounted for 73% of all linkages. The ratio of branch points was about 16% of the total residual numbers, and branches were attached to C-2 of galactosyl residues of the main chain. ACN2a had an average molecular weight of 12.9x10(5) Daltons, [alpha]D25=+115 degrees (c=0.44, H2O); [eta]=0.0417dl.g-1, Cp=0.2663 cal/(g. degrees C). The hepatoprotective effect of ACN2a was evaluated using a mouse model of hepatic injury that was induced by Propionibacterium acnes (P. acnes) and lipopolysaccharide (LPS). The administration of ACN2a (0.4, 0.8 g/kg/d, p.o.), significantly prevented increases in serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) enzyme activities in mice treated with P. acnes-LPS, indicating hepatoprotective activity in vivo. 相似文献
1000.
Three new lignans, longipedunins A-C, from Kadsura longipedunculata and their inhibitory activity against HIV-1 protease 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Sun QZ Chen DF Ding PL Ma CM Kakuda H Nakamura N Hattori M 《Chemical & pharmaceutical bulletin》2006,54(1):129-132
Three new lignans, longipedunins A (1), B (2) and C (3), together with three known compounds, benzoyl-binankadsurin A (4), acetyl-binankadsurin A (5) and schisanlactone A (6), were isolated from Kadsura longipedunculata. Their structures and stereochemistry were determined by spectral and single-crystal X-ray analyses. Compounds 1 and 6 showed appreciable inhibitory activity against HIV-1 protease with IC50 values of 50 and 20 microM, respectively. 相似文献