A relaxed projection method for variational inequalities

This paper presents a modification of the projection methods for solving variational inequality problems. Each iteration of the proposed algorithm consists of projection onto a halfspace containing the given closed convex set rather than the latter set itself. The algorithm can thus be implemented very easily and its global convergence to the solution can be established under suitable conditions.This work was supported in part by Scientific Research Grant-in-Aid from the Ministry of Education, Science and Culture, Japan.     

Thermal decomposition of ethane in shock waves

The thermal decomposition of ethane was studied behind reflected shock waves over the temperature range 1200–1700 K and over the pressure range 1.7?2.5 atm, by both tracing the time variation of absorption at 3.39 μm and analyzing the concentration of the reacted gas mixtures. The mechanism to interpret well not only the earlier stage of C₂H₆ decomposition, but also the later stage was determined. The rate constant of reactions, C₂H₆ → CH₃ + CH₃, C₂H₆ + C₂H₃ → C₂H₅ + C₂H₄, C₂H₅ → C₂H₄ + H were calculated. The rate constants of the other reactions were also discussed.     

The sum rule for dipolar absorptions and rotational kinetic energy of wate and some dipolar molecules in condensed phases

Another form of the sum rule for dipolar absorptions has been derived by means of quantum statistics. The difference between this and usually used form results from a quantum effect on the molecular rotational motion. By the joint use of the two forms, average rotational kinetic energies of water molec in the liquid and solid phases and some dipolar molecules in solutions have been estimated. It has been shown that the average rotational kinetic energ larger than the value expected from the classical equipartition rule, with an increase in the hindering potential for the rotational motion of the mole The dipole moments of water molecules in liquid and solid water have been estimated. These are considerably smaller than the gas-phase value.     

Elastic scattering of the conduction electrons by adsorbed hydrogen

The cross section of adsorbed hydrogen for the conduction electrons is evaluated according to the Boltzmann-Fuchs equation, the Greene and Soffer theories for surface scattering of the conduction electrons and to the change of the electrical resistivity due to hydrogen adsorbed on evaporated nickel films obtained experimentally by Suhrmann et al. The calculated cross sections are 2.0 × 10^?15 cm² and 1.8 × 10^?15 cm² at 273°K and 90°K respectively at a low coverage of hydrogen, which are consistent with the theoretical value 3.0 × 10^?15 cm² by Toya and reasonable compared with 0.9 × 10^?15 cm², the cross section of a gaseous hydrogen atom. The cross section decreases with increase of the coverage. This change is considered to be closely related to that of the heat of adsorption.     

The cuprous chloride catalyzed addition of halogen compounds to olefins under photo-irradiation

The addition of organic halogen compounds to olefins in the presence of cuprous chloride under U.V. irradiation gave 1:1 adducts.     

Real-space observation of current-driven domain wall motion in submicron magnetic wires

We report direct observation of current-driven magnetic domain wall (DW) displacement by using a well-defined single DW in a microfabricated magnetic wire with submicron width. Magnetic force microscopy visualizes that a single DW introduced in a wire is displaced back and forth by positive and negative pulsed current, respectively. The direct observation gives quantitative information on the DW displacement as a function of the intensity and the duration of the pulsed current. The result is discussed in terms of the spin-transfer mechanism.     

Dynamic helicity inversion by achiral anion stimulus in synthetic labile cobalt(II) complex

The helical chirality of a Co(II) complex with a chiral tetradentate ligand is completely inverted from Lambda to Delta by the addition of achiral NO3- anion as an external stimulus.