全文获取类型
收费全文 | 224篇 |
免费 | 4篇 |
国内免费 | 2篇 |
专业分类
化学 | 183篇 |
晶体学 | 2篇 |
力学 | 2篇 |
数学 | 5篇 |
物理学 | 38篇 |
出版年
2022年 | 2篇 |
2021年 | 1篇 |
2020年 | 1篇 |
2019年 | 1篇 |
2017年 | 1篇 |
2016年 | 2篇 |
2015年 | 4篇 |
2014年 | 6篇 |
2013年 | 9篇 |
2012年 | 10篇 |
2011年 | 1篇 |
2010年 | 8篇 |
2009年 | 5篇 |
2008年 | 5篇 |
2007年 | 9篇 |
2006年 | 9篇 |
2005年 | 9篇 |
2004年 | 6篇 |
2003年 | 17篇 |
2002年 | 12篇 |
2001年 | 5篇 |
2000年 | 6篇 |
1999年 | 6篇 |
1997年 | 8篇 |
1996年 | 2篇 |
1995年 | 5篇 |
1994年 | 1篇 |
1993年 | 7篇 |
1992年 | 3篇 |
1991年 | 1篇 |
1990年 | 4篇 |
1989年 | 2篇 |
1988年 | 1篇 |
1987年 | 4篇 |
1986年 | 3篇 |
1985年 | 9篇 |
1984年 | 6篇 |
1983年 | 3篇 |
1982年 | 4篇 |
1981年 | 2篇 |
1980年 | 3篇 |
1979年 | 3篇 |
1978年 | 2篇 |
1977年 | 6篇 |
1976年 | 5篇 |
1975年 | 7篇 |
1974年 | 1篇 |
1972年 | 3篇 |
排序方式: 共有230条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
51.
K. Masumoto M. Hara D. Hasegawa E. Iino M. Yagi 《Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry》1997,217(2):247-253
The internal standard method coupled with the standard addition method has been applied to photon activation analysis and proton activation analysis of minor elements and trace impurities in various types of iron and steel samples issued by the Iron and Steel Institute of Japan (ISIJ). Samples and standard addition samples were once dissolved to mix homogeneously, an internal standard and elements to be determined and solidified as a silica-gel to make a similar matrix composition and geometry. Cerium and yttrium were used as an internal standard in photon and proton activation, respectively. In photon activation, 20 MeV electron beam was used for bremsstrahlung irradiation to reduce matrix activity and nuclear interference reactions, and the results were compared with those of 30 MeV irradiation. In proton activation, iron was removed by the MIBK extraction method after dissolving samples to reduce the radioactivity of56Co from iron via56Fe(p,n)56Co reaction. The results of proton and photon activation analysis were in good agreement with the standard values of ISIJ. 相似文献
52.
Abstract Phototropism is a common property of plants, but it is not known if different species use the same photoreceptor for their response. We have determined fluence-response relations for phototropism in response to brief, broad-band blue irradiation for four plant species grown under red light (Amaranthus paniculatus, Linum usitatissimum, Vigna radiata and Medicago sativa) and compared these to ones previously obtained for Pisum sativum and Zea mays, grown under similar conditions. Curves for all species showed a bell-shaped dependence on fluence, a characteristic of first positive curvature as originally defined for the Avena coleoptile, and had a similar optimal fluence, near 3 H.mol m?2. We have obtained an action spectrum in the blue and UV spectral regions for first positive phototropism of the hypocotyl of alfalfa grown under red light. Fluence-response curves at wavelengths between 300 and 500 nm were nearly identical in shape and magnitude; whereas below 300 nm, their slopes and maximum curvatures were reduced. The action spectrum showed that activity rose sharply at wavelengths below 500 nm, peaked at 450 nm with shoulders on either side of that peak, and had lesser peaks at 380 and, in the far ultraviolet, at 280 nm. This action spectrum was very similar to ones in the literature (obtained between 350 and 500 nm) for first and second positive phototropism of oat coleoptiles. We conclude that the same photoreceptor mediates phototropism in oat and alfalfa. 相似文献
53.
Goto M Yamamoto Y Sumimoto M Tsuruda N Kurosaki H 《Chemical & pharmaceutical bulletin》2003,51(10):1157-1162
Square-planar complexes with the formula [Pt(L(2))(L(1))](X)(2) x nH(2)O, where L(1) is S-2-aminomethylpyrrolidine (S-pyrda) or 2-aminomethylpiperidine (pipda) and L(2) is diammine (X=Cl), cyclobutane-1,1-dicarboxylato (cbdca) (X=none), 2,2'-bipyridine (bpy) (X=NO(3)), or 1,10-phenanthroline (phen) (X=Cl), were prepared and the nature of the coordination of L(1) was examined by (1)H-NMR spectroscopy and X-ray crystallography. These 2-aminomethylazacycloalkane derivatives form five-membered chelate rings condensed with an azacycloalkane ring in cis- or trans-configurations. The (1)H-NMR spectrum of complexes with S-pyrda as L(1) were consistent with cis-condensed rings in an S(N) conformation with any of L(2) group. However, (1)H-NMR spectra of the complexes with pipda as L(1) indicated trans-fused successive rings for the diammine and cbdca as L(2), but spectra for bpy and phen as L(2) were consistent with a conformation having cis-fused successive rings. X-Ray crystallography data for the two complexes with pipda as L(1) and cbdca (1) and bpy (2) as L(2) confirms the different coordination behavior in the solid state. 相似文献
54.
Haruyuki Okamura Shogo Toda Masahiro Tsunooka Masamitsu Shirai 《Journal of polymer science. Part A, Polymer chemistry》2002,40(17):3055-3062
Photocrosslinkable systems with thermally cleavable properties based on blends of poly(vinyl phenol) (PVP) and diepoxides were investigated. Thermally cleavable diepoxides as crosslinkers were prepared and characterized. As a thermally cleavable linkage, a tertiary ester moiety was incorporated into the crosslinker molecule. PVP/crosslinker blended films containing photoacid generators (PAGs) became insoluble in solvents after UV irradiation and subsequent post‐exposure‐bake (PEB) treatment. With a rise in the PEB temperature, the insoluble fraction of the irradiated films increased, passed through a maximum value, decreased, and increased again at elevated baking temperatures. The insolubilization profiles of the irradiated films were complicated and strongly dependent on the type of PAG used, the structure of the crosslinkers, and the PVP/crosslinker ratio. A mechanism for the thermal degradation was studied with Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 40: 3055–3062, 2002 相似文献
55.
Two new series of each of four Cr(III) and Ni(II) imino nitroxide complexes with various kinds of beta-diketonates, [Cr(beta-diketonato)(2)(IM2py)]PF(6), and [Ni(beta-diketonato)(2)(IM2py)] (IM2py = 2-(2'-(pyridyl)-4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazol-1-oxy)) have been synthesized, and their structures and magnetic and optical properties have been examined. The X-ray analysis demonstrated that a IM2py ligand coordinated to Cr(III) and Ni(II) acts as a five-membered bidentate chelate. The variable-temperature magnetic susceptibility measurements indicated the antiferromagnetic and ferromagnetic interaction of Cr(III) and Ni(II) with IM2py, respectively, giving a variety of the magnetic coupling constant J values with varying the beta-diketonato ligands. The UV-vis shoulders around (19-20) x 10(3) and (17-18) x 10(3) cm(-)(1) for the Cr(III) and Ni(II) complexes, respectively, characteristic of the IM2py complexes were assigned to the metal-ligand charge-transfer transitions, Cr(t(2g))-SOMO(pi*) and Ni(e(g))-SOMO(pi*) MLCT in terms of the resonance Raman spectra and the variable-temperature absorption spectra. The absorption components centered around (13-14) x 10(3) cm(-1) for the Cr(III) and Ni(II) complexes were due to the formally spin-forbidden d-d transition within the t(2g) and e(g) subshells, associated with the intensity enhancement. The spectroscopic behavior with varying the beta-diketonato ligands is discussed in connection with the antiferromagnetic or ferromagnetic coupling constant J values on the basis of the exchange mechanism along with the coligand effect. 相似文献
56.
Chizu Sekine Masamitsu Ishitobi Kazunori Iwakura Masayoshi Minai Koichi Fujisawa 《Liquid crystals》2013,40(3):355-367
We have designed, synthesized and evaluated dibenzothiophenylacetylene homologues as new heterocyclic molecules which were expected to have high δα values and short wavelength UV absorption spectra. The dibenzothiophenyl acetylene homologues exhibited wide nematic phase ranges and had very high extrapolated δn of over 0.6 and directly measured values of 0.5. The compounds with two dibenzothiophenyl rings were colourless, so that we have succeeded in obtaining colourless super-high δn liquid crystals. We have also analysed the contribution of the transition band to the refractive indices and the birefringence. From the analysis, the main origins of δn for compounds 1 and 2 are lower MOs than the HOMO and this results in the compatibility of large δn and lack of colour. The dibenzothiophenylacetylene compounds behaved according to our design expectations. 相似文献
57.
Recently, observation and tracking of single fluorophores, which we term single fluorophore dynamic imaging (SFDI) in this review, in living cells have been achieved. In particular, the recent success of SFDI of individual proteins tagged with green fluorescent protein (GFP) in live cells has opened new important possibilities for studying events occurring in living cells at the level of single molecules. Specifically, SFDI of GFP allows the tracking of movement and oligomerization levels of individual oligomers (monomers) in living cells and, thus, provides powerful means to investigate the movement, assembly, localization, and activation that signaling molecules undergo following an external stimulus. In this short account, we first review technologically important points for SFDI of GFP molecules in living cells, then give examples of its application, and, finally, propose a synergistic use of SFDI and single-particle tracking, a technique used for investigating single or small groups of molecules in live cells over the past 15 years. 相似文献
58.
Masamitsu Tanaka Manabu Kinoshita Yasuo Yoshihara Nariyoshi Shinomiya Shuhji Seki Koichi Nemoto Yuji Morimoto 《Photochemistry and photobiology》2010,86(2):403-409
Although there have been some reports about the cytotoxic effects of photodynamic therapy (PDT) on multidrug-resistant bacteria, there have been few reports in which favorable results of PDT on a local infection site are described. This study aimed to verify the hypothesis that the low efficacy of PDT on a local infection site is due to the cytotoxic effect of PDT on leukocytes. PDT using Photofrin® exerted significant cytotoxicity for cultured methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). Nevertheless, this therapeutic modality was not effective for a murine MRSA arthritis model. Approximately 30% of intra-articular leukocytes, mainly neutrophils, died immediately after PDT, and a further decrease in the number of intra-articular leukocytes and atrophy of the synovial tissue were seen 24 h after PDT. Isolated peripheral neutrophils showed significant affinity for Photofrin® and showed significant morphological damage, resulting in cell death, when they were subject to PDT using Photofrin®. These results indicate that intra-articular neutrophils have an influence on the effects of PDT for MRSA arthritis. 相似文献
59.
Doi M Nishi Y Uchiyama S Nishiuchi Y Nakazawa T Ohkubo T Kobayashi Y 《Journal of the American Chemical Society》2003,125(33):9922-9923
Collagen model peptide (Pro-Pro-Gly)10 has a triple helical structure and undergoes a thermal transition to a single random coil structure. The transition temperature of the analogous model peptides depends largely on amino acid substitution. Substitution of Pro by 4-hydroxyproline (Hyp) or 4-fluoroproline (fPro) has especially attracted attention because the position of substitution and chirality of the hydroxyl group or fluorine atom affect the transition temperatures. Here, we demonstrated that (4(S)-fPro-Pro-Gly)10 takes a triple helical structure, but (4(R)-fPro-Pro-Gly)10 exists in a single chain structure. This is not consistent with the case of Hyp substitution in our previous report where both (4(S)-Hyp-Pro-Gly)10 and (4(R)-Hyp-Pro-Gly)10 are in a single random coil state. 相似文献
60.
The cleavage and some modifications of the 7-amide group of cephamycins are described. Cephamycin derivatives 16b, c which were synthesized from the naturally occurring cephamycin C (16a) were converted to the corresponding oxamic acid derivatives 17a, e respectively by the reaction with oxalyl chloride and successive treatment with water. The reaction of the oxamic acid 17a with diphenylcarbodiimide gave 7-aminocephamycinoic acid (7-ACMA) benzhydryl ester (21a) which was further converted to cefoxitin (21c). These compounds 17a, b, c, d, e, f thus obtained from cephamycin C appear to be favorable intermediates for the syntheses of cephamycin analogues such as cefmetazole (28c). 相似文献