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61.
As a new concept for the design of effective photocatalysts, an ion beam technology using accelerated metal ions, a metal ion implantation and an ionized cluster beam (ICB) method, have been applied to design unique photocatalysts. The metal ion implantation of TiO2 and Ti-containing zeolites with highly accelerated metal ions (V+, Cr+, etc.) is useful in designing photocatalysts that can operate efficiently under visible light irradiation. Also, an ICB method with a low acceleration energy is useful in preparing transparent TiO2 thin films on various types of substrates for the efficient photocatalytic degradation of pollutants diluted in water and air. The combination of the ICB method and metal ion implantation can develop the TiO2 thin films that are able to operate not only under UV light but also under visible light irradiation. 相似文献
62.
Imai M Tanaka M Tanaka K Yamamoto Y Imai-Ogata N Shimowatari M Nagumo S Kawahara N Suemune H 《The Journal of organic chemistry》2004,69(4):1144-1150
Intermolecular hydroacylation between salicylaldehydes 1, 26-40 and 1,4-penta- or 1,5-hexadienes 4-13 by Rh-catalyst proceeded under mild reaction conditions to give a mixture of iso- and normal-hydroacylated products 14-25, 41-55, and 57-60. In the hydroacylation reaction, chelation of both salicylaldehyde and diene to the Rh-complex plays a crucial role. The ratio of iso- and normal-hydroacylated products could be regulated by the addition of salicylic acid or amines. The effects of various Rh-complexes, solvents, and additives were examined, and the plausible mechanisms of the catalytic cycle were proposed on the basis of the deuterium-labeling salicylaldehyde experiments. 相似文献
63.
Abstract Thermoluminescence (TL) and ESR phenomena induced by X-ray irradiation of the mixed samples of K2SO4 and alkaline earth metal sulfate (MgSO4 or BaSO4) were investigated in terms of the reactivities and the crystallogrpahic properties. A high intensive TL resulted from the diffusion of a small amount of Mg2+ into K2SO4 crystals. The amount formed of K2Mg2(SO4)3, langbeinite, compound had a maximum at the stoichiometric composition. From the ESR measurements, SO? 3 radicals were found to be easily formed in the langebeinite by excitation. Both the TL and the ESR phenomena were hardly observed in the K2SO4–BaSO4 system due to little diffusion of Ba2+ with much larger radius than Mg2+. The results were mainly discussed on the basis of the radii of the component cations in these systems. In addition, the fundamental data as to the application to the ESR dosimetry were obtained. 相似文献
64.
A polynomial optimization problem whose objective function is represented as a sum of positive and even powers of polynomials,
called a polynomial least squares problem, is considered. Methods to transform a polynomial least square problem to polynomial
semidefinite programs to reduce degrees of the polynomials are discussed. Computational efficiency of solving the original
polynomial least squares problem and the transformed polynomial semidefinite programs is compared. Numerical results on selected
polynomial least square problems show better computational performance of a transformed polynomial semidefinite program, especially
when degrees of the polynomials are larger. 相似文献
65.
Shirokawa S Kamiyama M Nakamura T Okada M Nakazaki A Hosokawa S Kobayashi S 《Journal of the American Chemical Society》2004,126(42):13604-13605
A highly regio- and diastereoselective TiCl4-mediated vinylogous Mukaiyama aldol reaction using the chiral vinylketene silyl N,O-acetal has been developed. The present vinylogous Mukaiyama aldol reaction provides a unique and effective means of controlling remote asymmetric induction. The methyl group at the alpha-position is important in achieving a high level of stereoselectivity. From a synthetic point of view, this methodology can provide a one-step construction of delta-hydroxy-alpha,gamma-dimethyl-alpha,beta-unsaturated carbonyl unit that is seen in many natural polyketide products. 相似文献
66.
Matsumoto M 《The Journal of chemical physics》2007,126(5):054503
To evaluate the relevance of treating the hydrogen bonds in liquid water as a digital (discrete) network and applying topological analyses, a framework to optimize the fitting parameters in various hydrogen bond definitions of liquid water is proposed. Performance of the definitions is quantitatively evaluated according to the reproducibility of hydrogen bonding in the inherent structure. Parameters of five popular hydrogen bond definitions are optimized, for example. The optimal choice of parameters for the hydrogen bond definitions accentuates the binary nature of the hydrogen bonding and the intrinsic network topology of liquid water, especially at the low temperature region. The framework provides a solid basis for network analyses, which have been utilized for water, and is also useful for designing new hydrogen bond definitions. 相似文献
67.
Masakazu Nakanishi Tomoko Ogi Yoshio Fukuda 《Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry》2010,101(1):391-396
We modified a commercially available thermogravimetric analyzer to introduce helium alone or with steam, oxygen or both, atmosphere
of which was controllable to be similar to that in a fixed-bed or an entrained-flow type gasifier, for studying basic properties
of biomass gasification. We also connected it to a gas chromatograph-mass selective detector for identifying materials produced
during the thermogravimetric analyses. Thermogravimetric analyses of Japanese cedar wood and identifications of the produced
materials at around 365 °C were measured as demonstrations. 相似文献
68.
Masakazu Yoshikawa Takashi Yukoshi Kohei Sanui Naoya Ogata 《Journal of polymer science. Part A, Polymer chemistry》1986,24(7):1585-1597
Separation of water–ethanol mixture through a membrane was carried out by pervaporation using a membrane which provided a hydrogen-bonding interaction. A membrane obtained from poly(acrylic acid-co-acrylonitrile) was effective for a selective separation of water from aqueous ethanol solution by pervaporation technique. Spectroscopic and flux analyses verified that this high selectivity toward water was attributed to the hydrogen-bonding interaction between water and acrylic acid (carboxylic acid) unit in the membrane. On the other hand, a membrane from poly(acrylic acid-co-styrene) preferentially permeated ethanol in the low water feed concentration region. 相似文献
69.
The palladium‐catalyzed reaction of acid anhydrides with silacyclobutane gives a mixture of cyclic silyl enol ether, carboxy(propyl)silane, and 3‐(carboxysilyl)ketone. In the presence of N,N‐dicyclohexylcarbodiimido (DCC), the reaction preferentially provides a cyclic silyl enol ether in a good yield. In addition, the palladium‐catalyzed reaction of benzoic acid with silacyclobutane in the presence of two equivalents of DCC also affords a cyclic silyl enol ether in a moderate yield. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
70.
Masafumi Yano Yorichika Okino Yuji Ichihara Masakazu Tatsumi Munetaka Oyama Kazunobu Sato Takeji Takui 《Polyhedron》2009,28(9-10):1764-1767
Three highly π-extended tetraaryl-1,3-phenylenediamines for charged high-spin molecular systems were successfully synthesized using Suzuki coupling. Their electrochemical and spectroscopic properties were also examined. They showed blue fluorescence. The dications derived from highly π-extended tetraaryl-1,3-phenylenediamines were generated and characterized by electron transfer stopped-flow method. 相似文献