Transport of monooleoylglycerol mediated by bile salt micelles across porous membranes

In order to study how the bile salts and lipids behave in the vicinity of microvillus, the transport properties of a sodium salt of deoxycholic acid (NaDC) and its mixture with monooleoylglycerol (MO) through artificial membranes were investigated in 0.15 M NaCl saline solution at 37°C.The hydrodynamic radius of MO-solubilized micelles was estimated to be approximately 17–20 Å from the transport study. The thermodynamically stable MO-NaDC mixed micelles formed above critical micelle concentration in the higher region of mole fraction of NaDC in the mixture (X _NaDC>ca. 0.6), can behave as a single species in transport process and freely pass through the porous membranes of both pore sizes, 0.01 m and 0.1 m.The permeabilities of MO-NaDC mixed micelles are large compared with those of pure NaDC micelles. MO molecules solubilized may probably enhance the interaction between MO and NaDC molecules by better contacting with the respective hydrophobic groups in a mixed micelle (the flexible structure of MO molecule enables it), and in this situation, the smaller micelles compared with those of pure NaDC must be more favorable.     

Study on response of CR-39 detector to light ions

The response of CR-39 detector has been obtained precisely for protons, deuterons, tritons, alpha-particles and lithiumions with energies of a few MeV/nucleon. The track etch rates were determined from the growth curves of pit radius and summarized as the response functions. The accuracy of this method is high enough to discriminate among hydrogen isotopes under a certain condition. The correlation between the response and LET with various cut-off energies has also been examined. It was found that LET is not an unique parameter describing the response function adequately for different ions by the same expression.     

Unitarity in Dirichlet Higgs model

We show that a five-dimensional Universal Extra Dimension model, compactified on a line segment, is consistently formulated even when the gauge symmetry is broken solely by non-zero Dirichlet boundary conditions on a bulk Higgs field, without any quartic interaction. We find that the longitudinal W ⁺ W ⁻ elastic scattering amplitude, under the absence of the Higgs zero mode, is unitarized by exchange of infinite towers of KK Higgs bosons. Resultant amplitude scales linearly with the scattering energy μ ?s\propto\sqrt{s}, exhibiting five-dimensional nature. A tree-level partial-wave unitarity condition is satisfied up to 6.7 (5.7) TeV for the KK scale m _KK=430 (500) GeV, favored by the electroweak data within 90% CL.     

A function space model approach to the rational evaluation subgroups

Let f : U → X be a map from a connected nilpotent space U to a connected rational space X. The evaluation subgroup G _*(U, X; f), which is a generalization of the Gottlieb group of X, is investigated. The key device for the study is an explicit Sullivan model for the connected component containing f of the function space of maps from U to X, which is derived from the general theory of such a model due to Brown and Szczarba (Trans Am Math Soc 349, 4931–4951, 1997). In particular, we show that non Gottlieb elements are detected by analyzing a Sullivan model for the map f and by looking at non-triviality of higher order Whitehead products in the homotopy group of X. The Gottlieb triviality of a fibration in the sense of Lupton and Smith (The evaluation subgroup of a fibre inclusion, 2006) is also discussed from the function space model point of view. Moreover, we proceed to consideration of the evaluation subgroup of the fundamental group of a nilpotent space. In consequence, the first Gottlieb group of the total space of each S ¹-bundle over the n-dimensional torus is determined explicitly in the non-rational case.      

Reactions of lithium tributyl heteroaryl borates with allylic bromides in the presence of copper(I) cyanide

The reaction of various lithium tributylheteroarylborates with allylic bromides in the presence of copper(I) cyanide furnished the regioselective allylation at the heteroaryl ring.     

On the unstable homotopy spectral sequences

We shall study the relation between the unstable homotopy spectral sequence associated with the cell decomposition of the source space and the one associated with the Postnikov decomposition of the target space. It is proved that the Maunder's result holds for these two types of spectral sequences. This result will be exploited to study the differentials of these spectral sequences and we obtain a generalization of a theorem due to Atiyah-Hirzebruch and Dold. Making use of these spectral sequences with the convergence lemma, some results on the phantom maps and the homotopy groups of map_*(Y, X) will be proved.     

Relaxation structure analysis of Li inserted γ-Fe2O3

γ-Fe₂O₃ has a spinel structure with cation vacancy and is expected to perform as a favorable electrode material for secondary lithium-ion battery. When lithium is inserted electrochemically into γ-Fe₂O₃, prolonged potential change is observed after the insertion. In this study, we inserted various amount of Li into γ-Fe₂O₃ (x = 0.66, 1.1, 1.5 in terms of Li_XFe₂O₃), then made the circuit open, measured X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns at various elapsed time, and analyzed the crystal structure change of γ-Fe₂O₃ with time by the Rietveld method. The X-ray Rietveld analysis revealed that the iron occupancy of 8a site decreased and that of 16c site increased with lithium insertion process and after lithium insertion, the iron occupancy of 8a site increased and that of 16c site decreased gradually with relaxation time. It is indicated that lithium prefer 8a site to occupy kinetically, on the other hand, prefer 16c site thermodynamically.     

Compact polytetrafluoroethylene assembly-type capillary electrophoresis with chemiluminescence detection

We have developed a compact polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) assembly-type capillary electrophoresis with chemiluminescence (CL) detection system. Luminol-microperoxidase-hydrogen peroxide chemiluminescence reaction was adopted. The device is rectangular in shape (60 mm x 40 mm x 30 mm) and includes three reservoirs (sample, migration buffer, and detection reservoirs) with electrodes. The detection reservoir includes an optical fiber to transport light at the capillary tip to a photomultiplier tube. Isoluminol isothiocyanate (ILITC) was analyzed as a model using this device with fused-silica or polytetrafluoroethylene capillary tubes 10 cm in length. We also used the sample reservoir as a reactor for an immune reaction between anti-human serum albumin immobilized on glass beads and isoluminol isothiocyanate-labeled human serum albumin. The present polytetrafluoroethylene assembly with the capillary tube was useful as a palm-sized analysis device for separation and detection, as well as a reactor.     

Synthesis and characterization of titanium and zirconium complexes with silicone-bridged phenoxycyclopentadienyl ligands

Dimethylsilyl(2,3,4,5-tetramethylcyclopentadienyl)(3-tert-butyl-5-methyl-2-phenoxy)titanium dichloride (1a), a useful catalyst precursor for olefin copolymerization, was synthesized at high yield starting from allyl-protected phenolic ligand 3a,which was first treated with 2 equiv. of n-BuLi to selectively give the dilithium salt of 3a along with 1-heptene, a coupling product of a protected allyl ether moiety and butyl anion. Addition of TiCl₄ to the resulting dilithium salt of 3a in toluene afforded 1a in 50% isolated yield. This methodology could be applied to the preparation of related titanium and zirconoium complexes 1b-1d, 8 with silicone-bridged Cp-phenoxy ligands, whereas the reaction starting from methyl-protected precursor 2a did not produce the zirconium complex 8. Copolymerization of ethylene and 1-hexene with the newly prepared complexes was also investigated.