Effect of stochastic resonance on bone loss in osteopenic conditions

We investigate the effect of noise on the remodelling process of the inner spongy part of the trabecular bone. Recently, a new noise-induced phenomenon in bone formation has been reported experimentally. We propose the first conceptual model for this finding, explained by the stochastic resonance effect, and provide a theoretical basis for the development of new countermeasures for bone degeneration in long space flights, which currently has dramatic consequences on return to standard gravity. These results may also be applicable on Earth for patients under osteopenic conditions.     

Dynamism of two-mode’s parameters on the field function for third-order dispersive Fisher: application for fibre optics

Two-mode equations model the spread of two different wave modes simultaneously. A new two-mode dispersive Fisher of third order (TMDF) is proposed and different types of solutions are obtained. We studied the effect of TMDF’s factors (dispersive, nonlinearity and the phase velocity) on the behavior of the obtained field function. We believe that our findings can be useful for investigating further analysis in fibre optics and engineering applications.     

Study of the Effect of Thermal Dispersion on Internal Natural Convection in Porous Media Using Fourier Series

Transport in Porous Media - Natural convection in a porous enclosure in the presence of thermal dispersion is investigated. The Fourier–Galerkin (FG) spectral element method is adapted to...     

A proper generalized decomposition approach for optical flow estimation

This paper introduces the use of the proper generalized decomposition (PGD) method for the optical flow (OF) problem in a classical framework of Sobolev spaces, ie, optical flow methods including a robust energy for the data fidelity term together with a quadratic penalizer for the regularization term. A mathematical study of PGD methods is first presented for general regularization problems in the framework of (Hilbert) Sobolev spaces, and their convergence is then illustrated on OF computation. The convergence study is divided in two parts: (a) the weak convergence based on the Brézis-Lieb decomposition and (b) the strong convergence based on a growth result on the sequence of descent directions. A practical PGD-based OF implementation is then proposed and evaluated on freely available OF data sets. The proposed PGD-based OF approach outperforms the corresponding non-PGD implementation in terms of both accuracy and computation time for images containing a weak level of information, namely, low image resolution and/or low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR).     

Bromination of Enamines from Tertiary Amides Using the Petasis Reagent: A Convenient One-Pot Regioselective Route to Bromomethyl Ketones

An original one-pot synthesis of bromomethyl ketones is achived using the Petasis reagent (dimethyltitanocene) as a key for enamine generation. Several amides were used to test the limits of the procedure by changing either the alkyl chain R or the amino portion of the starting materials. The enamines generated in situ were allowed to react with bromine at low temperature followed by hydrolysis to yield bromomethyl ketones in excellent yields (85 to 95%). Mechanistic details and optimum conditions for the reaction are briefly discussed. The present approach offers several advantages such as regioselectivity in enamine formation, good yields, mild reaction conditions, and ease of experimentation.

[Supplementary materials are available for this article. Go to the publisher's online edition of Synthetic Communications® for the following free supplemental resource: Full experimental and spectral details.]     

An exact Block–Newton algorithm for solving fluid–structure interaction problems

In this Note, we introduce a partitioned Newton based method for solving nonlinear coupled systems arising in the numerical approximation of fluid–structure interaction problems. The originality of this Schur–Newton algorithm lies in the exact Jacobians evaluation involving the fluid–structure linearized subsystems which are here fully developed. To cite this article: M.Á. Fernández, M. Moubachir, C. R. Acad. Sci. Paris, Ser. I 336 (2003).     

The Essential Oil-Bearing Plants in the United Arab Emirates (UAE): An Overview

Essential Oils (EOs) are expensive hydrocarbons produced exclusively by specific species in the plant kingdom. Their applications have deep roots in traditional herbal medicine, which lacks scientific evidence. Nowadays, more than ever, there is a growing global interest in research-based discoveries that maintain and promote health conditions. Consequently, EOs became a much attractive topic for both research and industry, with revenues reaching billions of dollars annually. In this work, we provide key guidance to all essential oil-bearing plants growing in the United Arab Emirates (UAE). The comprehensive data were collected following an extensive, up-to-date literature review. The results identified 137 plant species, including indigenous and naturalized ones, in the UAE, citing over 180 published research articles. The general overview included plant botanical names, synonyms, common names (Arabic and English), families and taxonomic authority. The study acts as a baseline and accelerator for research, industry and discoveries in multiple disciplines relying on essential oil-bearing plants.