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排序方式: 共有1332条查询结果,搜索用时 46 毫秒
41.
Markus Follmann Nils Griebenow Michael G. Hahn Ingo Hartung Franz‐Josef Mais Joachim Mittendorf Martina Schfer Hartmut Schirok Johannes‐Peter Stasch Friederike Stoll Alexander Straub Peter Jeschke Ralf Nauen Michael Edmund Beck Hans‐Wilhelm Engels Hans‐Georg Pirkl Reinhard Albers Rolf W. Albach Jens Krause Andreas Hoffmann Holger Casselmann Jeff Dormish 《Angewandte Chemie (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》2013,125(36):9503-9503
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Olesya V. Zillich Ute Schweiggert‐Weisz Katrin Hasenkopf Peter Eisner Martina Kerscher 《Biomedical chromatography : BMC》2013,27(11):1444-1451
Permeation of polyphenols through the stratum corneum barrier is a precondition for the protective action of polyphenols against oxidative skin damage. Prior to in vitro skin permeation experiments, we developed a method for the quantification of polyphenols in pig skin, including organic solvent extraction and HPLC analysis. Catechine hydrate, epigallocatechin gallate, trans‐resveratrol, quercetin, rutin and protocatechuic acid were chosen for this study as representatives of phenolics with different lipophilicity and molecular weight. The antioxidative activities of polyphenols as well as their octanol–water partition coefficients at different pH values were determined. Extraction of polyphenols from pig skin was optimized by variation of solvent composition, homogenization intensity and time, as well as partial exclusion of oxygen during extraction. The highest recovery rates could be reached by extraction with the methanol–water mixture (90:10, v/v), containing 0.2 g/L l ‐ascorbic acid, after the cryo‐milling for 4 min. Recoveries of 72% for total phenolics, 96% for quercetin and protocatechuic acid, 90% for rutin and 74% for trans‐resveratrol, were achieved. These extraction parameters will be selected for the polyphenol extraction from pig skin for further in vitro drug permeation studies. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
43.
Andreas Meister Sigrun Ortleb Thomas Sonar Martina Wirz 《Journal of computational physics》2012,231(23):7722-7729
This paper gives a first numerical comparison of the Discontinuous-Galerkin-(DG) and Spectral-Difference-Method (SD) under almost equivalent conditions for smooth test cases. 相似文献
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Martina Hofmanová 《随机分析与应用》2013,31(4):663-670
In the first part of this article a new method of proving existence of weak solutions to stochastic differential equations with continuous coefficients having at most linear growth was developed. In this second part, we show that the same method may be used even if the linear growth hypothesis is replaced with a suitable Lyapunov condition. 相似文献
46.
Redox‐Active Tetraruthenium Macrocycles Built from 1,4‐Divinylphenylene‐Bridged Diruthenium Complexes
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Stefan Scheerer Dr. Michael Linseis Dr. Evelyn Wuttke Sabrina Weickert Prof. Dr. Malte Drescher Dr. Oliver Tröppner Prof. Dr. Ivana Ivanović‐Burmazović Andreas Irmler Prof. Dr. Fabian Pauly Prof. Dr. Rainer F. Winter 《Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》2016,22(28):9574-9590
Metallamacrocylic tetraruthenium complexes were generated by treatment of 1,4‐divinylphenylene‐bridged diruthenium complexes with functionalized 1,3‐benzene dicarboxylic acids and characterized by HR ESI‐MS and multinuclear NMR spectroscopy. Every divinylphenylene diruthenium subunit is oxidized in two consecutive one‐electron steps with half‐wave potential splittings in the range of 250 to 330 mV. Additional, smaller redox‐splittings between the +/2+ and 0/+ and the 3+/4+ and 2+/3+ redox processes, corresponding to the first and the second oxidations of every divinylphenylene diruthenium entity, are due to electrostatic effects. The lack of electronic coupling through bond or through space is explained by the nodal properties of the relevant molecular orbitals and the lateral side‐by‐side arrangement of the divinylphenylene linkers. The polyelectrochromic behavior of the divinylphenylene diruthenium precursors is retained and even amplified in these metallamacrocyclic structures. EPR studies down to T=4 K indicate that the dications 1‐H2+ and 1‐OBu2+ are paramagnetic. The dications and the tetracation of macrocycle 3‐H display intense (dications) or weak ( 3‐H4+ ) EPR signals. Quantum chemical calculations indicate that the four most stable conformers of the macrocycles are largely devoid of strain. Bond parameters, energies as well as charge and spin density distributions of model macrocycle 5‐HMe were calculated for the different charge and spin states. 相似文献
47.
Emilie Boulard Vivien Zibulski Luisa Oertel Dr. Philip Lienau Dr. Martina Schäfer Dr. Ursula Ganzer Dr. Ulrich Lücking 《Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》2020,26(19):4378-4388
A short synthetic approach with broad scope to access five- to seven-membered cyclic sulfoximines in only two to three steps from readily available thiophenols is reported. Thus, simple building blocks were converted to complex molecular structures by a sequence of S-alkylation and one-pot sulfoximine formation, followed by intramolecular cyclization. Seventeen structurally diverse cyclic sulfoximines were prepared in high overall yields. In vitro evaluation of these underrepresented, three-dimensional, cyclic sulfoximines with respect to properties relevant to medicinal chemistry did not reveal any intrinsic flaw for application in drug discovery. 相似文献
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