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61.
The early stage of hydrolysis and polycondensation of tetraalkoxysilanes (TAOS) in the closed TAOS-C2H5OH-H2O-HCl system at 40°C was studied by the trimethylsilylation technique combined with the gas-liquid and gel permeation chromatographies. Tetramethoxy, tetraethoxy, tetra (n-propoxy) and tetra (n-butoxy) silanes were used as TAOS. The tendencies of variation with time in the distribution and molecular weight of silicate species in the solutions were almost the same in all the TAOS solutions, suggesting that the differences in the alkyl group of the TAOS had little effect on the hydrolysis and polycondensation. 相似文献
62.
63.
Tadahiro Minamikawa Seido Ogura Tetsuo Sakka Yukio Ogata Matae Iwasaki 《国际化学动力学杂志》1994,26(5):561-569
Photolysis of CClF2CH2Cl was studied by 147 nm vacuum ultraviolet irradiation. In the presence of NO; CF2CH2, CF2CHCl, and CClF2CN were produced. These products represent three different reaction paths; the molecular dechlorination, molecular dehydrochlorination, and chlorine radical elimination reactions. The reactant pressure and the addition gas (He or NO) pressure effects upon the product yield were studied. © 1994 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 相似文献
64.
Veronica Zaconte Marco Casolino Luca Di Fino Chiara La Tessa Marianna Larosa Livio Narici Piergiorgio Picozza 《Radiation measurements》2010,45(2):168-172
The ALTEA (Anomalous Long Term Effects on Astronauts) detector was used to characterize the radiation environment inside the USLab of the International Space Station (ISS), where it measured the abundances of ions from Be to Fe. We compare the ALTEA results with Alteino results obtained in the PIRS module of the Russian segment of the ISS, and normalize to the high energy Si abundances given by Simpson. These are the first particle spectral measurements, which include ions up to Fe, performed in the USLab. The small differences observed between those made inside the USLab and the Simpson abundances can be attributed to the transport through the spacecraft hull. However, the low abundance of Fe cannot be attributed to only this process. 相似文献
65.
Addamo M Bellardita M Di Paola A Palmisano L 《Chemical communications (Cambridge, England)》2006,(47):4943-4945
Photoactive films consisting of pure anatase, brookite or rutile TiO2 were prepared by dip coating from water dispersions obtained by using TiCl4 as the precursor under similar mild experimental conditions. 相似文献
66.
In the context of augmented Lagrangian approaches for solving semidefinite programming problems, we investigate the possibility of eliminating the positive semidefinite constraint on the dual matrix by employing a factorization. Hints on how to deal with the resulting unconstrained maximization of the augmented Lagrangian are given. We further use the approximate maximum of the augmented Lagrangian with the aim of improving the convergence rate of alternating direction augmented Lagrangian frameworks. Numerical results are reported, showing the benefits of the approach. 相似文献
67.
Results of compactness for vector-valued F-seminormed function spaces and a general Vitali’s compactness criterion under the W-property are exhibited.
相似文献68.
Linear Complementarity Problems (LCPs) belong to the class of
\mathbbNP{\mathbb{NP}} -complete problems. Therefore we cannot expect a polynomial time solution method for LCPs without requiring some special property of the coefficient matrix. Our aim is to construct interior point algorithms which,
according to the duality theorem in EP (Existentially Polynomial-time) form, in polynomial time either give a solution of
the original problem or detects the lack of property P*([(k)\tilde]){\mathcal{P}_*(\tilde\kappa)} , with arbitrary large, but apriori fixed [(k)\tilde]{\tilde\kappa}). In the latter case, the algorithms give a polynomial size certificate depending on parameter [(k)\tilde]{\tilde{\kappa}} , the initial interior point and the input size of the LCP). We give the general idea of an EP-modification of interior point algorithms and adapt this modification to long-step path-following
interior point algorithms. 相似文献
69.
Daniela Grando Torsten Gase François Kajzar Marianna Fanti Francesco Zerbetto Aden Murphy 《Molecular Crystals and Liquid Crystals》2013,570(1):545-559
Abstract Benzylic amide catenanes are a class of synthetically-accessible interlocked molecular rings which can rotate one through the other depending on the nature of the local environment. The rings contain four phenyl units each and interlocking also affords their packing in novel, highly interacting ways that may lead to unexpected properties thus opening up the possibility of developing new materials. Third harmonic generation in benzylic amide catenane solutions was measured at a wavelength of γ = 1064 nm, with the fundamental and the harmonic wavelengths in the region of transparency of the material. The thoroughly non resonant value of the hyperpolarisability γ(-3ω; ω, ω, ω) was found to be (6.5 ± 0.7) × 10?35 esu with a negligible imaginary part, in agreement with the value of (6.8 ± 0.9) × 10?35 esu calculated from a bond-additivity model of hyperpolarisability. The static second order hyperpolarisability predicted by a Molecular Orbital model was about a factor four less than the experimental value. Second hyperpolarizability values of several solvents were also measured at the fundamental wavelength of γ = 1064 nm. 相似文献
70.
Hoimin Jung Mannkyu Hong Marianna Marchini Marco Villa Philipp S. Steinlandt Xiaoqiang Huang Marcel Hemming Eric Meggers Paola Ceroni Jiyong Park Mu-Hyun Baik 《Chemical science》2021,12(28):9673
The mechanism of [2 + 2] cycloadditions activated by visible light and catalyzed by bis-cyclometalated Rh(iii) and Ir(iii) photocatalysts was investigated, combining density functional theory calculations and spectroscopic techniques. Experimental observations show that the Rh-based photocatalyst produces excellent yield and enantioselectivity whereas the Ir-photocatalyst yields racemates. Two different mechanistic features were found to compete with each other, namely the direct photoactivation of the catalyst–substrate complex and outer-sphere triplet energy transfer. Our integrated analysis suggests that the direct photocatalysis is the inner working of the Rh-catalyzed reaction, whereas the Ir catalyst serves as a triplet sensitizer that activates cycloaddition via an outer-sphere triplet excited state energy transfer mechanism.The mechanism of [2 + 2] cycloadditions activated by visible light and catalyzed by bis-cyclometalated Rh(iii) and Ir(iii) photocatalysts was investigated, combining density functional theory calculations and spectroscopic techniques. 相似文献