Infinite dimensional duality and applications

The usual duality theory cannot be applied to infinite dimensional problems because the underlying constraint set mostly has an empty interior and the constraints are possibly nonlinear. In this paper we present an infinite dimensional nonlinear duality theory obtained by using new separation theorems based on the notion of quasi-relative interior, which, in all the concrete problems considered, is nonempty. We apply this theory to solve the until now unsolved problem of finding, in the infinite dimensional case, the Lagrange multipliers associated to optimization problems or to variational inequalities. As an example, we find the Lagrange multiplier associated to a general elastic–plastic torsion problem.     

Interpolation on spherical geodesic grids: A comparative study

Most operational models in atmospheric physics, meteorology and climatology nowadays adopt spherical geodesic grids and require “ad hoc” developed interpolation procedures. The author does a comparison between chosen representatives of linear, distance-based and cubic interpolation schemes outlining their advantages and drawbacks in this specific application field. Numerical experiments on a standard test problem, while confirming a good performance of linear and distance-based schemes in a single interpolation step, also show their minor accuracy with respect to the cubic scheme in the more realistic simulation of advection of a meteorological field.     

Harmonic and intermodulation distortion modeling in IM-DD multi-band radio over fiber links exploiting injection locked lasers

A comprehensive numerical tool has been developed for the evaluation of the performances of Radio over Fiber (RoF) links intended for wireless signal distribution.At the transmitter end an appropriate set of rate equations allows to model the optical source as a solitary laser or as an appropriately injection locked laser. The optical channel is modeled putting into account the combined effect of fiber dispersion, laser source non ideal performances (e.g. non-linear effects, frequency chirp), and quadratic detection of the receiving photodiode. The simulation model developed can be a useful tool at the design stage allowing a preliminary evaluation of the characteristics of real RoF links.     

Deformations of arithmetically Cohen-Macaulay subvarieties of pn

We show that every arithmetically Cohen-Macaulay two-codimensional subscheme ofP ⁿ can be deformed to a reduced union of two-codimensional linear subvarieties. This problem (classical for curves with the name of Zeuthen problem) was solved for curves by F.Gaeta.     

6-Thia-1-aza-5λ5-phosphabicyclo[3.2.0]hept-3-ene und Isothiocyanatophosphin-sulfide aus (Methylidenamino)phosphinen,Schwefelkohlenstoff und Acetylen- oder Ethylen-Derivaten

6-Thia-l-aza-5λ⁵-phosphabicyclo[3.2.0]hept-3-enes and Isothiocyanatophosphine-sulfides from (Methylidenamino)phosphines, Carbon Disulfide, and Acetylene- or Ethylene Derivatives (Methylidenamino)phosphines react with carbon disulfide to 1,3,2-thiazaphosphete derivatives 2 . Acetylenedicarboxylates give with 2 6-thia-l-aza-5λ⁵-phosphabicyclo[3.2.0]hept-3-enes 4a , b , and acrylates yield isothio-cyanatophosphin-sulfides 5a – c . The structures of 4a and 5a are proven by an X-ray diffraction analysis.     

A highly active fungal β-glucosidase

A highly active thermostable β-glucosidase was purified to homogeneity from a strain ofTrichoderma sp. The enzyme was an extracellular glycoprotein and showed hydrolytic activity toward several β-glucosides. Cellobiose was found to be the substrate of choice for this enzyme. This finding could suggest future technological applications of the purified protein.     

Simple and convenient synthesis of a fluorinated GM4 analogue

A series of fluorinated galactosides, dodecyl 2-deoxy-2-fluoro-β-d-galactopyranoside (2F Gal), dodecyl 4-deoxy-4-fluoro-β-d-galactopyranoside (4F Gal) and dodecyl 6-deoxy-6-fluoro-β-d-galactopyranoside (6F Gal), was chemically synthesized and introduced to B16 cells to serve as scaffolds for cellular enzyme glycosylation. Results showed that the presence of fluorine exercised significant effects on cell viability. Among the fluorinated galactosides used, 2F Gal was glycosylated to afford a GM4 analogue.     

Upward and downward heat and mass transfer with miniature periodically operating loop thermosyphons

Upward and downward two-phase heat and mass transfer has been considered in the present paper. The heat and mass transfer with the condenser located below the evaporator has been obtained by inserting an accumulator tank in the liquid line of a loop thermosyphon and enforcing a pressure pulsation. In previous papers these heat transfer devices have been called pulsated two phase thermosyphons (PTPT). A mini PTPT has been experimentally investigated. It has shown a stable periodic heat transfer regime weakly influenced by the position of the condenser with respect to the evaporator. In contrast a classical loop mini thermosyphon (diameter of connecting pipes 4 mm) did not achieve a stable functioning for the investigated level differences between evaporator and condenser lower than 0.37 m. The present study shows that the functioning of a PTPT device does not directly depend on the level difference or the presence of noncondensable gas. In order to obtain a natural circulation in mini or micro loops, a periodically operating heat transfer regime should therefore be considered.