Impact of fibre nonlinearities in optical DWDM transmission systems at different data rates

The impact of major fibre nonlinearities, like stimulated Raman scattering (SRS) and four wave mixing (FWM), in cascaded amplifier dense wavelength division multiplexing (DWDM) transmission system, has been studied at different data rates. SRS has been calculated considering pulse walk off effect. Analysis has been carried out to evaluate signal to noise ratio (SNR) considering the combined effect of SRS and FWM in the presence of amplified spontaneous emission (ASE) noise to achieve minimum noise at different data rates.     

A Convenient One Step Synthesis of 1,3-Diaryl-6-methyl-4-oxo-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-2-thioxofuro [2,3-d] Pyrimidines

1,3-Diaryl-6-methyl-4-oxo-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-2-thioxofuro (2,3-d) pyrimidines have been synthesised in one step in good yield by the reaction of 1,3-diaryl-1,3-dihydro-2-thioxo-2H,5H-pyrimidine-4,6-diones with chloroacetone in presence of triethylamine.     

Structure factor of amorphous TiO2 nanoparticle; Molecular Dynamics Study

Three samples of amorphous TiO₂ of 3 nm size are prepared by molecular dynamics simulations using different heating and quenching rates and open boundary conditions. Matsui–Akaogi force field is used to calculate the correlation functions. It is found that atomic distribution in these samples differ within the limit of 4%. The calculated coordination numbers suggest that 52–54% Ti atoms are 6-fold coordinated, 31–32% Ti atoms are 5-fold coordinated, 7–10% are 4-fold coordinated and few Ti atoms even 7-fold coordinated through vertex and edge sharing in these samples. On the other hand 66–68% oxygen atoms remain 3-fold coordinated, 25–28% are 2-fold coordinated and 5–6% oxygen atoms become 4-fold coordinated. Most of the over coordinated and under coordinated strained structures are in the core and surface regions respectively. The agreement between the calculated and measured reduced structure factors suggests that atomic arrangements in the laboratory samples prepared by sputtering and sol-gel methods may be similar to those predicted by molecular dynamics simulations.     

Synthetic Strategies Applicable in the Synthesis of Privileged Scaffold: 1,4-Benzodiazepine

The development of new synthetic approaches to the 1,4-benzodiazepine ring system and their further elaboration have provided access to a broad range of functionalized derivatives. In this review an attempt has been made to summarize those synthetic strategies involved for the synthesis of privileged scaffold 1,4-benzodiazepine over time.     

A review report on medical imaging phosphors

The present review deals with the synthesis and characterization of different phosphors used in medical imaging. A comparative study of different synthesis methods and characterization is presented. The best method for synthesized phosphor is the solid state method because the morphology of the sample is very good. The photostimulated luminescence of the prepared sample has been represented by different authors. The best phosphor used in medical imaging is BaBrCl:Eu²⁺.     

Development and Validation of a Stability-Indicating High-Performance Thin-Layer Chromatographic Method for the Simultaneous Quantification of Sparfloxacin and Flurbiprofen in Nanoparticulate Formulation

JPC – Journal of Planar Chromatography – Modern TLC - A simple, sensitive, precise, rapid, and reliable high-performance thin-layer chromatographic (HPTLC) method for the simultaneous...     

Benign Approaches for the Microwave‐assisted Synthesis of Five‐membered 1,2‐N,N‐heterocycles

The development of new strategies for the synthesis of small‐sized heterocycles has remained a highly attractive but challenging proposition. An overview of the application of microwave irradiation in the synthesis of two nitrogen atoms containing five‐membered heterocyclic compounds is presented, focusing on the developments in the last 5–10 years. This contribution covers the literature concerning the total synthesis of five‐membered 1,2‐N,N‐heterocycles.     

Phase stabilisation of blue-phase liquid crystals using a polymerisable chiral additive

We report a novel polymer stabilisation of blue phase by a chiral agent itself without additional reactive monomers. In this way, the structural difference in phase stabilisation gives rise to novel electro-optic properties such as the hysteresis-free with low-operating voltages. The number of constituents in polymer-stabilised blue-phase mixture is reduced and the polymer network more directly engages the structure of the blue phase, so that the hysteresis is free with less contamination for liquid crystals to be rearranged by electric fields. Also, relatively low operating voltage is achieved because the chiral pitch becomes longer owing to the chiral agent becoming polymerised. This result would open up an innovative way from a material perspective on stabilisation of blue-phase liquid crystals.     

Synthesis and optical behaviors of 6-seleno-deoxyguanosine

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