Biodiesel Production Using Wild Apricot (Prunus aitchisonii) Seed Oil via Heterogeneous Catalysts

We confined the formation and characterization of heterogenous nano-catalysts and then used them to produce biodiesel from the novel non-edible seed oil of Prunus aitchisonii. P. aitchisonii seeds’ oil content was extracted at about 52.4 ± 3% with 0.77% FFA. Three different heterogenous nano-catalysts—calcined (CPC), KPC, and KOH-activated P. aitchisonii cake Titanium Dioxide (TiO₂)—were synthesized using calcination and precipitation methods. The mentioned catalysts were characterized through XRD, SEM, and EDX to inspect their crystallin dimension, shape, and arrangement. Titanium dioxide has morphological dimensions so that the average particle size ranges from 49–60 nm. The result shows that the crystal structure of TiO₂ is tetragonal (Anatase). The surface morphology of CPC illustrated that the roughness of the surface was increased after calcination, many macropores and hollow cavities appeared, and the external structure became very porous. These changes in morphology may increase the catalytic efficiency of CPC than non-calcined Prunus aitchisonii oil cake. The fuel belonging to PAOB stood according to the series suggested by ASTM criteria. All the characterization reports that P. aitchisonii is a novel and efficient potential source of biodiesel as a green energy source.     

Synthetic applications and methodology development of Chan–Lam coupling: a review

Chan–Lam coupling is one of the most popular and easy methods to perform arylation of amines (N-arylations). This cross-coupling is generally performed by reacting aryl boronate derivatives with a variety of substrates involving nitrogen containing functional groups such as amines, amides, ureas, hydrazine, carbamates. This article summarizes the synthetic applications of this reaction and the efforts of scientists to develop novel and efficient methodologies for this reaction.

     

CoCo-PBA/tetrabutylammonium bromide as highly efficient catalyst for CO2 and epoxides coupling reaction under mild conditions

The development of effective and low-energy-consumption catalysts for CO₂conversion into high-valueadded products by constructing versatile active sites on the surface of heterogeneous compounds is an urgent and challenging task.In this study,a stable and well-defined heterogeneous cobalt hexacyanocobaltate (Co₃[Co（CN）₆]₂),typical cobalt Prussian blue analogue （Co Co-PBA） modified with tetrabutylammonium bromide （TBAB）,is proven to be the superior cata...     

Atomic absorption and inductively coupled plasma–optical emission spectroscopic method for determination of micronutrients and toxic metals in Curcuma longa L. to characterize human health toxicity

Environment-friendly procedures for determination of nutritious and harmful elements in curcuma longa L. and commercially available turmeric powder are presented. Microwave and ultrasound (probe and bath) procedures for sample preparations were adopted and the elements were determined by validated flame atomic absorption and inductively coupled plasma–optical emission spectrometry. Student’s t-test was established whether there was a difference between the sample preparation methods. Trueness of certified values by all methods was ensured which were not differing significantly at 95% level of confidence interval. % recovery and relative standard deviation are in compliance with Food and Drug Administration-USA guidelines for spectrometric determination of elemental composition in food stuffs. Results showed that concentrations of copper, iron, manganese, and zinc found in both types of samples are promising source of nutrition. Exposure to aluminum, cadmium, and lead from consumption of products under investigation was estimated and few sample contents were higher than permissible level suggested by Food and Agriculture Organization-UN. Regarding the food safety monitoring, the proposed methods are rapid and met green chemistry approach can be implemented in laboratories easily for routine analysis.     

Synthesis,crystal structure,antibacterial, cytotoxic,and anticancer activities of new Pd(II) complexes of tri-p-tolyl phosphine with thiones

Russian Journal of General Chemistry - Four Pd(II) complexes of general formula [Pd(L1)2(L2)2], where L1 = pyridine-2(1H)-thione, pyrimidine-2(1H)-thione, pyridine-4(1H)-thione, and...     

Correlation of gas permeation and free volume in new and used high free volume thin film composite membranes

Polymeric gas separation membranes frequently undergo the phenomenon of aging, that is, performance parameters like permeability decrease with storage or usage time. Here, we report on a new approach of reducing aging by incorporation of functionalized multiwalled carbon nanotubes into a polymer of intrinsic microporosity. Free volume and permeability measurements clearly show a reduced aging with incorporation of the carbon nantubes. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part B: Polym. Phys. 2015 , 53, 213–217     

Ultra high performance liquid chromatography with mass spectrometry method for the simultaneous determination of phenolic constituents in honey from various floral sources using multiwalled carbon nanotubes as extraction sorbents

An ultra high performance liquid chromatography with mass spectrometry method has been developed for the simultaneous separation, identification and determination of 22 phenolic constituents in honey from various floral sources from Yemen. Solid‐phase extraction was used for extraction of the target phenolic constituents from honey samples, while multiwalled carbon nanotubes were used as solid‐phase adsorbent. The chromatographic separation of all phenolic constituents was performed on a BEH C₁₈ column using a linear gradient elution with a binary mobile phase mixture of aqueous 0.1% formic acid and methanol. The quantitation was carried out in selected ion reaction monitoring acquisition mode. The total amount of phenolic acids, flavonoids and other phenols in each analyzed honey was found in the range of 338–3312, 122–5482 and 2.4–1342 μg/100 g of honey, respectively. 4‐Hydroxybenzoic acid was found to be the major phenolic acid. The main detected flavonoid was chrysin, while cinnamic acid was found to be the major other phenol compound. The regeneration of solid phase adsorbent to be reused and recovery results confirm that the proposed method could be potentially used for the routine analysis of phenolic constituents in honey extract.     

Di-photon Higgs signals at the LHC in the next-to-minimal supersymmetric standard model

The NMSSM contains a Higgs singlet in addition to the two Higgs doublets typical of the MSSM, thus resulting in a total of seven physical Higgs mass states. Therefore, the phenomenology of the NMSSM Higgs sector can differ considerably from that of the MSSM, and there are good prospects of finding in regions of the NMSSM parameter space Higgs signals that cannot be reproduced in the MSSM. We examined here the two-photon decay mode of a Higgs boson and found that up to three neutral Higgs states, heavy and/or light, could be simultaneously observable at the LHC, a possibility precluded to the MSSM. There are also some possibilities that only the lightest NMSSM Higgs boson be detectable via this mode, with a mass beyond the upper limit of the corresponding MSSM state, thus also allowing one to distinguish between the two scenarios. However, in most of the NMSSM parameter space the configurations of the non-minimal model are not very different from those arising in the minimal case.     

Synthesis, characterization and hypoglycemic activity of Zn(II), Cd(II) and Hg(II) complexes with glibenclamide

A series of group 12 elements for Zn(II), Cd(II), Hg(II) complexes of glibenclamide were synthesized and characterized using various spectroscopic techniques and magnetic moments. The complexes exhibited significant activity against gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria species. Zn(II) complex showed remarkable hypoglycemic activity whereas Cd(II) and Hg(II) complexes exhibited antibacterial activity.