High‐order CFD methods: current status and perspective

After several years of planning, the 1st International Workshop on High‐Order CFD Methods was successfully held in Nashville, Tennessee, on January 7–8, 2012, just before the 50th Aerospace Sciences Meeting. The American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, the Air Force Office of Scientific Research, and the German Aerospace Center provided much needed support, financial and moral. Over 70 participants from all over the world across the research spectrum of academia, government labs, and private industry attended the workshop. Many exciting results were presented. In this review article, the main motivation and major findings from the workshop are described. Pacing items requiring further effort are presented. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

On the prisoner’s dilemma in R&D with input spillovers and incentives for R&D cooperation

This paper considers a standard model of strategic R&D with spillovers in R&D inputs, and extends the result that duopoly firms engaged in a standard two-stage game of R&D and Cournot competition end up in a prisoner’s dilemma situation for their R&D decisions, whenever spillover effects and R&D costs are relatively low. In terms of social welfare, this prisoner’s dilemma always works to the advantage of both consumers and society. This result allows a novel and enlightening perspective on some issues of substantial interest in the innovation literature. In particular, the incentive firms face towards R&D cooperation in the form of an R&D cartel is shown to be maximal for the case of zero spillovers, which is when the prisoner’s dilemma has the largest scope.     

ON A CURVATURE CHARACTERIZATION OF RICCI-PSEUDOSYMMETRIC HYPERSURFACES

The author presents a curvature characterization of Ricci-pseudosymmetric hypersurfaces in semi-Riemannian space forms Ns^n 1(c), n≥4.     

Analysis of an Integro-differential Equation Arising from Modelling of Flows with Fading Memory Through Fissured Media

An analysis of an integro-differential equation with a convolution term is given. Such equations arise in modelling of flows th rough fissured media, and these integral terms account for fading memory effects exhibited by the flow. We proposed a convergent semi-discrete approximation of the convolution term with a possibly singular kernel. The approximation scheme leads to the existence/uniqueness result for the problem and has strongly favorable numerical aspects.     

Side-chain modified bile acids: chromatographic separation of 23-methyl epimers

Owing to the re-flourished interest towards the bile acids (BAs) as versatile signalling hormones endowed with diverse endocrine functions, the development of reliable analytical protocols monitoring the synthesis of new BA-based receptor modulators, still represents a cogent concern. On this basis, for the first time, a HPLC study has been engaged with the aim to set up suitable chromatographic conditions for the analysis of three different epimeric couples of 23-methyl-substituted unconjugated BAs. Three different methods (one for each couple) have been successfully established and then validated. Good precision and accuracy (evaluated both in the short and long period) as well as appreciably low LOD and LOQ values have turned out. Moreover, the engagement of an evaporative light scattering detector (ELSD) has proven its high effectiveness for the analysis of such steroidal species.     

Synthesis and evaluation of dimeric lipophilic iminosugars as inhibitors of glucosylceramide metabolism

Four dimeric and four monomeric lipophilic iminosugars were synthesized and subsequently evaluated on their inhibitory potential towards mammalian glucosylceramide synthase, glucocerebrosidase, β-glucosidase 2, sucrase and lysosomal α-glucosidase. Compared to their monomeric counterparts the dimeric inhibitors showed decreased inhibition of glucosylceramide synthase and generally a comparable inhibitory potency for the glycosidases.     

Kinetics of Cefuroxime Sodium Salt Decay in Solid Phase

The influence of temperature and relative humidity on the stability of cefuroxime sodium in the solid phase was investigated. Changes in the concentration of cefuroxime sodium were followed by a HPLC method with UV detection. The kinetic and thermodynamic parameters of the decomposition reaction were calculated. This revised version was published online in June 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.