Brønsted Acidic Ionic Liquids: New,Efficient, and Green Promoter System for the Synthesis of 4(3H)-Quinazolinones

A simple, inexpensive, and efficient new synthesis of 4(3H)-quinazolinones from the reaction of 2-aminobenzamide with aroyl chlorides in the presence of two new halogen-free Brønsted acidic ionic liquids, 3-methyl-1-(4-sulfonic acid)butylimidazolium hydrogen sulfate [(CH₂)₄SO₃HMIM][HSO₄] and 1-(4-sulfonic acid) butylpyridinium hydrogen sulfate [(CH₂)₄SO₃HPY][HSO₄], green and reusable catalysts, with excellent product yields under solvent-free conditions is reported. The products could be separated simply from the catalyst, and the catalyst could be recycled without noticeably decreasing the catalytic activity.     

Solvent‐Free Chemoselective Synthesis of 1,1‐Diacetates Catalyzed by Cu(NO3)2 · 3H2O

1,1‐Diacetates have been synthesized by the reaction of a variety of aldehydes with acetic anhydride in the presence of cupric nitrate as catalyst under solvent‐free conditions. Ketones were not converted to the corresponding diacetates under these conditions.     

Switching adaptive controllers to control fractional‐order complex systems with unknown structure and input nonlinearities

This article investigates the chaos control problem for the fractional‐order chaotic systems containing unknown structure and input nonlinearities. Two types of nonlinearity in the control input are considered. In the first case, a general continuous nonlinearity input is supposed in the controller, and in the second case, the unknown dead‐zone input is included. In each case, a proper switching adaptive controller is introduced to stabilize the fractional‐order chaotic system in the presence of unknown parameters and uncertainties. The control methods are designed based on the boundedness property of the chaotic system's states, where, in the proposed methods the nonlinear/linear dynamic terms of the fractional‐order chaotic systems are assumed to be fully unknown. The analytical results of the mentioned techniques are proved by the stability analysis theorem of fractional‐order systems and the adaptive control method. In addition, as an application of the proposed methods, single input adaptive controllers are adopted for control of a class of three‐dimensional nonlinear fractional‐order chaotic systems. And finally, some numerical examples illustrate the correctness of the analytical results. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Complexity 21: 211–223, 2015     

Introducing Organic Gas Steam-Liquid Extraction as a New Preconcentration Method for Benzene,Toluene, Ethylbenzene and Xylene Determination in Water Samples by Gas Chromatography-Flame Ionization Detection

Journal of Analytical Chemistry - In this study, for the first time, the organic gas steam-liquid extraction by a special hand-made cell was used as a simple and inexpensive preconcentration...     

Energy,exergy, and sensitivity analyses of a new integrated system for generation of liquid methanol,liquefied natural gas,and crude helium using organic Rankine cycle,and solar collectors

Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry - The increasing growth of helium consumption in industries and the limited resources of this element are the challenges that industries will face in the...     

A renewable approach to capture CO2 in Iran: thermodynamic and exergy analyses

Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry - This work presents numerical simulation of two-dimensional thermogravitational energy transport in a chamber filled with copper–water ( $${\hbox...     

含吡啶的大环席夫碱锰(Ⅱ)配合物:合成、表征及抗菌性质(英文)

在Mn髤模板作用下,2,6-diacetylpyridine(DAP)及合适链状胺化合物通过[1+1]环缩合反应,合成了3个大环席夫碱配合物,并进行了红外、元素分析、质谱及电导率等表征及研究。测得了配合物[MnL1(CH3CN)](ClO4)2的晶体结构,中心离子呈现出稍微扭曲的五角锥配位构型。研究了配合物对S.aureus(ATCC 6633),B.cereus(ATCC 7064),C.xerosis(ATCC 373)(gram-positive bacterial strains),E.coli(PTCC 10009),K.pneuomoniae(MTCC 109),and P.vulgaris(lio)(gram-negative bacterial strains)的抗菌活性。结果显示[MnL3](ClO4)2抗菌活性明显优于[MnL1(CH3CN)](ClO4)2and[MnL2](ClO4)2。在25℃条件下0.1 mol·L-1 KCl溶液中,通过电位计量法测定了化合物的质子化常数。     

聚(4-乙烯基吡啶)硫酸氢盐: 一个新的高效催化剂用于无溶剂条件下合成13-芳香基-茚并 [1,2-b] 石脑油 [1,2-e] 吡喃-12(13H)-酮（英文）

An facile and efficient protocol for the synthesis of 13‐aryl‐indeno[1,2‐b]naphtha[1,2‐e]pyran‐ 12(13H)‐ ones has been developed that proceeds via the one‐pot three‐component sequential reaction of an aromatic aldehyde with β‐naphthol and 2H‐indene‐1,3‐dione under solvent‐free conditions in the presence of a poly(4‐vinylpyridinium)hydrogen sulfate(P(4‐VPH)HSO4) catalyst. The catalyst can be reused several times, making this procedure facile, practical, and sustainable. The simple experimental procedure, solvent‐free reaction conditions, use of an inexpensive catalyst, short react time, and excellent yields are some of the major advantages of this methodology.     

Controllable one-step synthesis of ZnO nanostructures using molybdophosphoric acid

ZnO nanostructures were synthesised in a hydrothermal reaction of zinc acetate in the presence of molybdophosphoric acid (H₃[PMo₁₂O₄₀]) as well as its vanadium-substituted acid (H₄[PMo₁₁VO₄₀]) at various times, temperatures, and concentrations. The ZnO nanostructures were characterised by X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The results demonstrated that the synthesised products are crystalline with a zincite hexagonal phase. Various ZnO nanostructures, such as nanoparticles, microrods, and nanosheets, were produced by changing the experimental conditions. The photocatalytic degradation of methyl orange was also investigated using the ZnO nanoparticles thus prepared. These particles exhibited high performance in the photocatalytic degradation of MO and almost 100 % decolourisation occurred within only 20 min.     

An eco-friendly catalytic route for one-pot synthesis of 2-amino-6-(2-oxo-2Hchromen-3-yl)-4-arylnicotinonitrile derivatives by silica-supported perchloric acid (HClO4–SiO2) under solvent-free conditions

A facile and environmentally benign synthesis of some 2-amino-6-(2-oxo-2H-chromen-3-yl)-4-arylnicotinonitrile derivatives from the reaction of 3-acetylcoumarin, aromatic aldehydes, and malononitrile under solvent-free condition in the presence of silica-supported perchloric acid (HClO₄–SiO₂) is described. The ability to reuse the catalyst, the high yields, and ease of purification are the important features of this process.