Role of the gas-liquid phase transition in the theory of nuclear matter

A sufficient condition for the two-nucleon interaction to produce a gaseous instability in the form of the appearance of inhomogeneous-spatial-density single-particle states of lower energy than the (homogeneous) plane-wave states is found to be simply that it gives binding in first order. The critical density at which the instability occurs thus signals the unambiguous breakdown of a plane-wave-based Hartree-Fock perturbation expansion for the ground state properties. Several examples are analysed.     

Understanding the precursor chemistry for one-step deposition of mixed cation perovskite solar cells by methylamine route

Upscaling perovskite solar cell fabrication is one of the key challenges in the pathway for commercialization.The slow evaporation of frequently used solvents (...     

Solubility of methane in pure non-ionic surfactants and pure and mixtures of linear alcohols at 298 K and 101.3 kPa

The emissions of methane (CH₄), a powerful greenhouse gas (GES), contribute to the increase in GES concentration level in the atmosphere. For this reason, the importance of controlling CH₄ emissions of anthropogenic origin has increased over the last decades. Physicochemical and biological processes are available for treating CH₄. For this reason, such properties as the solubility of CH₄ in aqueous solutions and organic solvents are of great relevance in different applications in environmental engineering and biotechnology. In this study, the solubility of CH₄ was determined at 298 K and 101.3 kPa in organic solvents, such as polyoxyethylenesorbates (Tween 20, Tween 40, and Tween 60), and linear alcohols (methanol, ethanol, and butan-1-ol) alone and in their admixtures. Admixtures of methanol with butan-1-ol exhibited the highest solubility of CH₄, of around 0.49 g m⁻³ of solvent, whereas the solubility of CH₄ in linear alcohols varied from 0.167 g m⁻³ to 0.41 g m⁻³ of solvent. In the case of Tweens, CH₄ solubility decreased with the hydrophilic-lipophilic balance (HLB) number.