Discrete time semigroup transformations with random perturbations

Let (X, ) and (Y,C) be two measurable spaces withX being a linear space. A system is determined by two functionsf(X): X X and:X×YX, a (small) positive parameter and a homogeneous Markov chain {y _n } in (Y,C) which describes random perturbations. States of the system, say {x _n X, n=0, 1,}, are determined by the iteration relations:x _n+1 =f(x _n )+(x _n ,Y_n+1) forn0, wherex ₀ =x ₀ is given. Here we study the asymptotic behavior of the solutionx _n as 0 andn under various assumptions on the data. General results are applied to some problems in epidemics, genetics and demographics.Supported in part by NSF Grant DMS92-06677.Supported in part by NSF Grant DMS93-12255.     

Investigation the effect of lattice angle on the band gap width in 3D phononic crystals with rhombohedral(I) lattice

In this paper, the propagation of acoustic waves in the phononic crystal of 3D with rhombohedral(I) lattice is studied theoretically. The crystal composite constituted of nickel spheres embedded in epoxy. The calculations of the band structure and density of states are performed with the plane wave expansion method in the irreducible part of Brillouin zone. In the present work, we have investigated the effect of lattice angle on the band structure and width of the band gap rhombohedral(I) lattice in the irreducible part of the first Brillouin zone and its planes separately. The results show that more than one complete band gape are formed in the four planes of the irreducible part. The most complete band gaps are formed in the (111) plane and the widest complete band gap in (443) with an angle greater than 80 \(^{\circ }\) . So, if the sound passes through the (111) and (443) planes for the lattice angle close to 90 \(^{\circ }\) , the crystal phononic displays the excellent insulation behavior. Moreover, in the other planes, the lattice angle does not affect on the width and the number of band gaps. Also, for the filling fraction 5 %, the widest complete band gap is formed. These results are consistent with the effect of symmetry on the band gap width, because the (111) plane has the most symmetry.     

The Intra-cavity Mode Competition and Laser Absorption Spectroscopy with CO2 Laser

A mathematical model is developed for analysis the dynamics of an intra-cavity laser spectroscopy and mode competition using the CO₂ laser as the coherent source. The governing equations of system are derived and effect of the absorbing material on the laser modes, as a time-dependent term is considered. Thus, the application of the CO₂ laser for intra-cavity laser spectroscopy with considering an inhomogeneous medium and effect of the absorbing material is investigated.     

EFFICIENT AND SELECTIVE OXIDATION OF THIOLS TO DISULFIDES BY 1,4-DIAZABICYCLO[2.2.2]OCTANE-DI-N-OXIDE-DI-PERHYDRATE UNDER NEUTRAL AND HETEROGENEOUS CONDITIONS

1,4-Diazabicyclo[2.2.2]octane-di-N-oxide-di-perhydrate[3pc] selectively oxidizes thiols to disulfides in acetonitrile in good yields. The method is generally useful for a wide variety of thiols.     

A Proline-Based Aminophosphinic Acid Ligand and It’s Vanadyl Complex: Synthesis,Characterization and In Vitro Inhibitory Effects on α-Amylase And α-Glucosidase

Abstract

A proline-based aminophosphinic acid ligand and it's vanadium complex have been synthesized and characterized by spectroscopic techniques. The inhibitory activity on pancreatic α-amylase and Baker's yeast α-glucosidase has been examined in vitro. The novel complex showed more inhibitory potency against pancreatic α-amylase and Baker's yeast α-glucosidase compared to acarbose as an antidiabetic drug.

Supplemental materials are available for this article. Go to the publisher's online edition of Phosphorus, Sulfur, and Silicon and the Related Elements to view the free supplemental file.     

AN EFFICIENT PRO CEDURE FOR THE PREPARATION OF MONO,AND DI-BIS-INDOLYL METHANES CATALYZED BY MOLIBDATOPHOSPHORIC ACID

H ₃ PMo ₁₂ O ₄₀ · xH ₂ O was found to be an effective catalyst for the preparation of bis-indolyl derivatives from indole and aromatic, aliphatic, heterocyclic aldehydes or ketones in ethanol at room temperature.     

In Silico Comparison of Low- and High-Risk Human Papillomavirus Proteins

Human papillomavirus (HPV) is an important pathogen which is classified into two, high- and low-risk groups. The proteins of high-risk and low-risk HPV types have different functions. Therefore, there is a need to develop a computational method for predicting these two groups. In the present study, the physiochemical properties of all early (E1, E2, E4, E5, E6, and E7) and late (L1 and L2) proteins in high- and low-risk HPV types have been studied. The concept of receiver operating characteristic analysis and support vector machines methods has been used for comparison of high- and low-risk HPV types. The results demonstrate that amino acid composition, physiochemical, and secondary structure of E2 protein are significantly different between these two groups. The results demonstrate that in silico properties can create useful information to predict high-risk and low-risk HPV types.     

A new nanoscale and high temperature field effect transistor: Bi level FinFET

In this paper, we propose a new Bi Level Fin Field Effect Transistor (BL-FinFET) where the fin regions consist of Bi level. The novel features of the BL-FinFET are simulated and compared with a Conventional FinFET (C-FinFET). The three-dimensional and two-carrier device simulation demonstrate that the application of Bi level to the FinFET structure results in an ideal threshold voltage roll-off, reduced DIBL, excellent behavior in voltage gain at high temperatures and the gate capacitance improvement when compared with the C-FinFET. Also, this paper illustrates the benefits of the high performance BL-FinFET device over the conventional one and expands the application of Silicon on Insulator Metal Oxide Semiconductor Field Effect Transistors (SOI MOSFETs) to high temperature.     

Molecular interactions in methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate ionic liquid ([Mim][BF4]): Structures, binding energies, topological properties and NMR one- and two bonds spin-spin coupling constants

Molecular interactions in methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate ionic liquid ([Mim⁺][BF₄⁻]) have been investigated using B3LYP, B3PW91 and MP2 methods with a wide range of basis sets. Binding energy, topological properties of electron density, charge transfer, nucleus-independent chemical shift (NICS) and NMR one- and two bonds spin-spin coupling constants were calculated. With five preferential binding sites in the vicinity of the Mim⁺ ring, five ion pairs (A-E) with three intermolecular hydrogen bonds were found on the potential energy surface. The most stable ion pairs are formed via N-H and C-H bonds of Mim⁺ and B-F bonds of BF₄⁻. Ion pairs have electronic binding energies (BEs) in the range of − 335.6 to − 402.9 kJ/mol at MP2/6-311++G(2d,2p) level and − 328.1 to − 383.6 kJ/mol at B3LYP/AUG-cc-pVTZ level. NBO analysis confirms that the charge transfer takes place from BF₄⁻ to Mim⁺. The NICS values reveal the aromaticity of imidazole ring. The results show a correlation between absolute value of ^1hJ(H?F) and electron density at H?F bond critical point.     

Differential Pulse Voltammetric Determination of 2‐Methyl‐4,6‐Dinitrophenol using Bismuth Bulk Electrode

This work reports the application of bismuth bulk electrode (BiBE) for the determination of 2‐methyl‐4,6‐dinitrophenol (MDNP) by differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) in Britton‐Robinson buffer of pH 12.0 as an optimal medium. BiBE was prepared by transferring molten bismuth into a glass tube under constant stream of nitrogen. The linear concentration dependences were measured from 1 to 10 μmol ? L^?1 and from 10 to 100 μmol ? L^?1 by using optimum accumulation potential of ?0.7 V and optimum accumulation time 30 s. Under these conditions limit of determination and limit of quantification was 0.45 and 1.5 μmol ? L^?1, respectively. The developed method was successfully applied for the analysis of tap water as a model sample.