燃烧剂对低温燃烧合成Pr-CeO2粉体结构与性能的影响

以乙酸铵和柠檬酸为燃烧剂,Ce(NO3)3·6H2O和Pr6O11为主要原料,采用低温燃烧法(LCS)制备了Ce0.95Pr0.5O2纳米晶粉体.用DSC、XRD、SEM及色度测试等手段研究了Ce0.95Pr0.5O2纳米晶微粒前驱体的着火温度、产物晶体结构、晶体形貌及色度.结果表明:乙酸铵和柠檬酸作为燃烧剂的反应前驱体着火温度分别在250℃和300℃左右.两种燃烧产物均为单一的萤石型固溶体.与柠檬酸相比,乙酸铵作为燃烧剂得到的燃烧产物结晶程度更完善、Pr离子进入CeO2晶格的含量更多、呈色更好,且颗粒的团聚程度变小.根据Scherrer公式计算,用两种燃烧剂制备产物的平均晶粒尺寸分别为20～30 nm和10～15 nm,为纳米晶颗粒.最后得到Ce0.95Pr0.5O2粉体的颗粒尺寸则在200～300 nm之间.乙酸铵与硝酸铈的最佳摩尔配比为2:1,柠檬酸与硝酸铈的最佳摩尔配比为3:1.     

用化学溶液方法在Ni-5at%W基底上制备La2Zr2O7过渡层的研究

La2Zr2O7(LZO)过渡层以其独特的物理化学性质越来越受到人们的关注。本文以乙酰丙酮镧和乙酰丙酮锆为前驱盐,丙酸为溶剂配置前驱液,用化学溶液方法(CSD)在具有立方织构的Ni-5at%W基底上制备了LZO过渡层薄膜。研究了前驱液成分、性质以及退火温度对LZO成相以及取向的影响。用常规XRD和X射线四环衍射仪分析了LZO薄膜的相成分和织构。结果显示,在1050℃下退火可以获得强立方织构的LZO薄膜,其中(222)峰的Phi扫描半高宽值为8.95°;(400)峰的Chi扫描半高宽值为6.8°。用高分辨扫描电子显微镜(FE-SEM)观察到LZO薄膜表面均匀致密,没有裂纹和空洞。     

Optimized Green Extraction of Polyphenols from Cassia javanica L. Petals for Their Application in Sunflower Oil: Anticancer and Antioxidant Properties

The total phenolic content (TPC) from Cassia javanica L. petals were extracted using ethanolic solvent extraction at concentrations ranging from 0 to 90% and an SCF-CO₂ co-solvent at various pressures. Ultrasound-assisted extraction parameters were optimized using response surface methodology (RSM). Antioxidant and anticancer properties of total phenols were assessed. An SCF-CO₂ co-solvent extract was nano-encapsulated and applied to sunflower oil without the addition of an antioxidant. The results indicated that the best treatment for retaining TPC and total flavonoids content (TFC) was SCF-CO₂ co-solvent followed by the ultrasound and ethanolic extraction procedures. Additionally, the best antioxidant activity by β-carotene/linoleic acid and DPPH free radical-scavenging test systems was observed by SCF-CO₂ co-solvent then ultrasound and ethanolic extraction methods. SCF-CO₂ co-solvent recorded the highest inhibition % for PC3 (76.20%) and MCF7 (98.70%) and the lowest IC₅₀ value for PC3 (145 µ/mL) and MCF7 (96 µ/mL). It was discovered that fortifying sunflower oil with SCF-CO₂ co-solvent nanoparticles had a beneficial effect on free fatty acids and peroxide levels. The SCF-CO₂ method was finally found to be superior and could be used in large-scale processing.     

Tailoring Pore Structure and Morphologies in Covalent Organic Frameworks for Xe/Kr Capture and Separation

As a rising star among porous solid materials, covalent organic frameworks(COFs) with excellent properties including but not limit to facilely controllable structure, high porosity, and multi-chemical functionality represent significant potential for efficient ¹²⁷Xe/⁸⁵Kr capture and separation. In this study, through tuning the length of the organic ligands, two-dimensional(2D) COF mate-rials with identical connection group but different pore properties, denoted as ATFG-COF and TpPa-COF with AA-stacking model and TpBD-COF with AB-stacking model were synthesized and tested for Kr and Xe adsorption for the first time. Adsorption measurements indicate that the narrower pore apertures and higher porosity are conducive for COF materials to capture Xe and Kr. Furthermore, the Henry's constant, isosteric heat of adsorption(Q_st), and ideal adsorbed solution theory(IAST) selectivity of ATFG-COF, the pore size of which is closest to the kinetic diameter of the Xe atom(0.41 nm) among 2D COF materials, were carried out based on the single component sorption isotherms. The results illustrate that the high isosteric heat values of Xe/Kr adsorption on ATFG-COF are 25 and 16 kJ/mol at room temperature, respectively. Henry's law predicts that the selectivity factor of Xe to Kr is 6.07, consistent with the adsorption selectivity(ca. 6) calculated based on the IAST.     

光纤耦合数码系统传像特性

建立了光纤传像元件与光电阵列器件的匹配耦合模型,引入变动因子反映像素光纤排列的不确定性,进行了光纤耦合传像特性的仿真研究.针对9×9 μm2光敏元的阵列器件,分析了光纤传像元件结构参数变化对系统分辨率的影响,在光纤直径约为光敏元尺寸1/3时获得了相对经济合理的匹配结构,表明光纤耦合数码系统设计时必须考虑优化匹配问题.仿真结果还解释了系统的图像输出存在条纹和局部结构背景的原因,给出了相应的数值分析方法.     

键合氢对GDa—Si:H薄膜光致发光性质的影响

测量了在不同衬底温度下制备的GDa-Si:H膜的光致发光谱和光吸收谱。实验发现键合氢含量的增加导致光致发光峰强度、发光峰能量、发光带半宽度、Stokes位移和热淬灭的增大。由此导出:(1)键合氢不仅能消除无辐射复合中心,而且能产生辐射复合中心;(2)随着键合氢含量的增加电子-声子相互作用增强,带尾宽度缓慢变窄。 关键词：     

HL-1装置等离子体特性的初步研究

HL-1装置在环向磁场2.3T下运行,获得135kA平衡稳定等离子体,平顶时间160ms。实验表明,环向磁场杂散分量约为纵场的万分之一,导体壳和平衡场基本上能保证等离子体的平衡。观察到的电子温度约500eV,平均电子密度2.8×10~(13)cm~(-3),能量约束时间10ms,有效电荷数小于3,最低稳定运行安全因子2.5,最长放电持续时间1040ms。在对MHD稳定性进行观察的基础上,确定了稳定运行区域;极限密度服从Murakami定标律。     

A RECURSION THEORY STUDY OF THE ELECTRONIC STRUCTURE OF METALLIC SUPERLATTICES

We illustrate that the recursion method is useful in the study of the electronic structure of metallic superlattices.It reduces considerably the amount of computational works,and gives,nevertheless,fairly satisfactory densities of states.     

光子加速器的理论研究

研究了光子加速器(即利用等离子体中的朗谬尔波实现光脉冲频率上转换)所涉及的基本物理问题.文中导出了在存在朗谬尔波的条件下,光脉冲频率对于等离子体本底密度及电子密度扰动的依赖关系,并就最大频率转换、光脉冲俘获、波的加速位相(accelerating phase)以及位相滑动(phase slippage)效应进行讨论.