Design,synthesis, biological evaluation,and docking study of new acridine-9-carboxamide linked to 1,2,3-triazole derivatives as antidiabetic agents targeting α-glucosidase

A new series of acridine-9-carboxamide-1,2,3-triazole derivatives 7a-m were designed, synthesized, and evaluated as novel α-glucosidase inhibitors. Acridine-9-carboxamide-1,2,3-triazole scaffold has been designed by combination of effective moieties from potent α-glucosidase inhibitors. Most of the synthesized compounds were more potent than standard inhibitor acarbose. Among the title compounds, the most potent compounds were compounds 7j , 7k , and 7a with IC₅₀ values of 120.2 ± 1.0, 151.1 ± 1.4, and 157.6 ± 1.6 μM, respectively (IC₅₀ value of acarbose = 750.0 ± 10.0 μM). Docking study of the most potent compounds demonstrated that these compounds formed stable complexes with α-glucosidase active site. Anti-α-amylase assay of compounds 7j , 7k , and 7a was performed and no activity was observed. in vitro cytotoxicity assay of the latter compounds revealed that these compounds were not cytotoxic toward human normal (HDF) and cancer (MCF-7) cell lines. ADME and toxicity prediction of compounds 7j , 7k , and 7a were also performed.     

A heuristic method to schedule training programs for Small and Medium Enterprises

During the life period of Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) in incubators they need some training programs to acquire the required knowledge in order to survive and succeed in the business environment. This paper presents a heuristic method based on an optimization model to schedule these programs at the most suitable times. Based on the proposed heuristic, each training program is implemented in a suitable time by considering the SMEs’ requirements and some other logical constraints. The proposed heuristic is described in detail, and its implementation is demonstrated via a real-life numerical example. The numerical results of the heuristic are compared with other methods.     

Nickel catalyst supported on mesoporous MgAl2O4 nanopowders synthesized via a homogenous precipitation method for dry reforming reaction

Research on Chemical Intermediates - Mesoporous MgAl2O4 nanopowders were synthesized via the homogenous precipitation method and employed as a support for Ni catalysts in the dry reforming...     

An efficient method for the construction of block cipher with multi-chaotic systems

In this article, we present a method to synthesize strong nonlinear components used in encryption algorithms. The proposed nonlinear component assists in transforming the intelligible message or plaintext into an enciphered format by the use of Lorenz and Rössler chaotic systems. A substitution box is generated that uses initial conditions, utilize multi-chaotic parameter values, and employ numerical simulations.     

Study of the Deflection Angle and Shadow of Black Hole Solutions in Non-Plasma and Plasma Mediums Under the Effect of Einstein–Gauss–Bonnet Gravity

In this paper, the Gibbons and Werner technique is used to calculate the weak deflection angle for the black hole solution under the effects of Einstein–Gauss–Bonnet gravity. The Gauss–Bonnet theorem in the limits of weak field is used to evaluate the Gaussian optical curvature in order to obtain the results. The visual effects of the deflection angle on the impact parameter is also looked at and the smallest radius in the non-plasma/plasma medium. Moreover, in order to check the consistency of the results concerning the weak deflection angle, the Keeton and Petters approach is applied to study the deflection angle, which is the expansion of series with a single mass variable, which can be directly addressed by using the post–post Newtonian framework. Furthermore, the deflection angle and shadow under the influence of the plasma is examined by using the motion of particle in a non-magnetized plasma and pressure-free plasma medium as described by the new ray-tracing algorithm. It is shown that plasma as well as Einstein–Gauss-Bonnet gravity corrections are affected by shadows.     

Pyridine-2,6-Dicarboxylic Acid (Dipic): Crystal Structure from Co-Crystal to a Mixed Ligand Nickel(II) Complex

Abstract  

Pyridine-2,6-dicarboxylic acid (dipic) was used for the synthesis of a co-crystal with 1,10-phenanthroline-5,6-dione (phen-dione) and a nickel(II) complex. The co-crystal dipic·phen-dione·4H₂O (1) has been synthesized and studied by X-ray crystallography. The structure is stabilized with hydrogen bonds between dipic, H₂O and phen-dione. It is surprising that there is no direct hydrogen bonding between phen-dione and dipic and yet the molecules co-crystallize in aqueous solution. A new complex of nickel(II), [Ni(phen)(dipic)(H₂O)]·4H₂O (2), (where phen = 1,10-phenanthroline) has been synthesized and characterized by elemental and thermogravimetric analyses, FT-IR, UV–Vis and ¹H-NMR spectroscopy. The structure of (2) has been studied by X-ray crystallography. The coordination around Ni(II) is a distorted octahedron. The crystal packing shows that the dimensionality of (2) is enlarged to 3D, through hydrogen bonds and π–π interactions. Cyclic voltammetry of (2) shows that the Ni(II/I) couple is irreversible.     

Polaronic and charge ordering effects in Pr 0.5 Sr 0.5 Mn 1− x Fe x O 3

In this work we report the results of X-ray diffraction and Mössbauer spectroscopy for the systems Pr_0.5Sr_0.5Mn_1???x Fe _x O₃ (with x?=?0.05, 0.10, 0.15, 0.20, 0.25, 0.30). XRD patterns indicated that all samples were single phase with slightly distorted orthorhombic symmetry. Room temperature Mössbauer spectra are all quadrupole split, indicating paramagnetic relaxation of the Fe moment for all values of Fe concentrations. The spectra are fitted with two doublet components associated with Fe^3?+? ions in octahedral sites with different distortions. Mössbauer spectra recorded at liquid nitrogen temperature for this system also indicate paramagnetic relaxation of the Fe moments down to liquid nitrogen temperature (LNT). In these spectra a third quadrupole component with quadrupole splitting close to zero develops. This component is associated with the delocalization of the charge carriers and the consequent disappearance of lattice distortions produced by the polaronic effect at room temperature. The component with the high quadrupole splitting (0.81 to 1.07 mm/s) results from Jahn–Teller distortion as a consequence of charge ordering transition at low temperature.     

Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopic studies of marbles

We present laser-induced breakdown spectroscopic studies of variety of marbles extracted from Quetta region of Boluchistan, Pakistan using a Nd:YAG laser (532 nm) in conjunction with LIBS 2000 detection system. The emission spectra of Onyx (white spot) and Quetta Green Marble samples have been recorded as a function of laser irradiance. The elemental composition and their relative abundance in each sample are fond to be quite different. In Onyx (white spot), calcium dominates while in the Quetta Green marble magnesium is the dominant element. In addition the effect of the laser irradiance on the emission intensity, width and shift of the transition lines have been studied.     

On the Converse of the Theory of Groups Acting on Trees with Inversions

In this paper we show that if G is a group acting on a graph X with inversions such that G has a presentation induced by a fundamental domain for the action of G on X, then X is a tree. Received: January 3, 2007., Revised: August 10, 2007 and May 3, 2008., Accepted: October 17, 2008.