Open charm and beauty at ultrarelativistic heavy ion colliders

Important goals of BNL RHIC and CERN LHC experiments with ion beams include the creation and study of new forms of matter, such as the quark gluon plasma. Heavy quark production and attenuation provide unique tomographic probes of that matter. We predict the suppression pattern of open charm and beauty in Au+Au collisions at RHIC and LHC energies based on the DGLV formalism of radiative energy loss. A cancellation between effects due to the sqrt[s] energy dependence of the high p(T) slope and heavy quark energy loss is predicted to lead to surprising similarity of heavy quark suppression at RHIC and LHC.     

Microsystem technology as a road from macro to nanoworld

Tremendous progress of microelectronic technology observed within last 40 years is closely related to even more remarkable progress of technological tools. It is important to note however, that these new tools may be used for fabrication of diverse multifunctional structures as well. Such devices, called MEMS (Micro-Electro-Mechanical-System) and MOEMS (Micro-Electro-Opto-Mechanical-System) integrate microelectronic and micromechanical structures in one system enabling interdisciplinary application, with most interesting and prospective being bio-medical investigations. Development of these applications requires however cooperation of multidisciplinary team of specialists, covering broad range of physics, (bio) chemistry and electronics, not mentioning medical doctors and other medical specialists. Thus, dissemination, of knowledge about existing processing capabilities is of key importance. In this paper, examples of various applications of microelectronic technology for fabrication of Microsystems which may be used for medicine and chemistry, will be presented. Besides, information concerning a design and technology potential available in poland and new, emerging opportunities will be given.     

Preparation of tissue samples for X-ray fluorescence microscopy

As is well-known, trace elements, especially metals, play an important role in the pathogenesis of many disorders. The topographic and quantitative elemental analysis of pathologically changed tissues may shed some new light on processes leading to the degeneration of cells in the case of selected diseases. An ideal and powerful tool for such purpose is the Synchrotron Microbeam X-ray Fluorescence technique. It enables the carrying out of investigations of the elemental composition of tissues even at the single cell level.

The tissue samples for histopathological investigations are routinely fixed and embedded in paraffin. The authors try to verify the usefulness of such prepared tissue sections for elemental analysis with the use of X-ray fluorescence microscopy. Studies were performed on rat brain samples. Changes in elemental composition caused by fixation in formalin or paraformaldehyde and embedding in paraffin were examined.

Measurements were carried out at the bending magnet beamline L of the Hamburger Synchrotronstrahlungslabor HASYLAB in Hamburg.

The decrease in mass per unit area of K, Br and the increase in P, S, Fe, Cu and Zn in the tissue were observed as a result of the fixation. For the samples embedded in paraffin, a lower level of most elements was observed. Additionally, for these samples, changes in the composition of some elements were not uniform for different analyzed areas of rat brain.     

Self-assembly of a stereoselective trinuclear sodium/lithium triple helix

A new three nuclear triple-stranded helicate complex M3L3 containing Na+/Li+ ions has been synthetized and characterised by 1H, 23Na, 7Li solution NMR, ESI-MS and X-ray crystallography.     

TLC and HPLC Analysis of the Flavonoid Glycosides in the Aerial Parts of Peucedanum tauricum Bieb.

JPC – Journal of Planar Chromatography – Modern TLC - Flavonoid glycosides from the aerial parts (leaves, flowers, and fruits) of Peucedanum tauricum Bieb. (Apiaceae) have been analyzed...     

Synthesis and NMR Analysis of N-Methyl-2-(4′-bromophenyl)morpholine Instructions for Students

Chemistry laboratory simulators have not been worth consideration until the CD-ROM came along with its wonderful capacities. Corel, [1] a well-known name in software has realized this. Their new ChemLab CD-ROM has excited some interest among chemistry teachers. This review examines the contents of this CD-ROM, rates the effectiveness of its experiments, and suggests who might profit from the use of such a simulator for the traditional chemistry laboratory.     

Evaluation of Inclusion Selectivity of (2-hydroxy-3-methacryloyloxypropyl β-cyclodextrin-co-N-vinylpyrrolidone) Copolymers Coated Silica Stationary Phase by High Performance Liquid Chromatography

A comparative study of the retention behaviour of disubstituted benzene derivatives on (2-hydroxy-3-methacryloyloxypropyl -cyclodextrin-co-N-vinylpyrrolidone) copolymers physically adsorbed onto porous silca gel was achieved. Under reversed-phase mode, the separation process is based on an inclusion complex formation, and the inclusion selectivity is strongly influenced by hydrogen bonds and/or steric effects. The influence of cyclodextrin derivatives used as mobile phase additives for the conventional reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography was also examined with the aim to confirm the formation of inclusion complexes between CD derivatives and test molecules. Under normal-phase mode, it was found that the retention and separation processes are mainly controlled by hydrophilic interactions between the polar substituents of the solute and the hydroxyl groups of the cyclodextrin units. Finally, the enantiomer separation ability was briefly demonstrated.     

Thermogravimetric investigations of carbonaceous materials—Syndiotactic polystyrene systems

A system of a syndiotactic polystyrene (s-PS)-carbonaceous material, obtained as a result of syndiotactic polymerisation of styrene in the presence of carbonaceous materials of organic origin of different degree of coalification before and after their ammoxidation, was studied. The initial materials were plum stone waste, brown coal and hard coal. The interactions between the system components were studied by the method of differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). It has been found that the type of the carbonaceous material used determines the thermal effects of the phase transitions in s-PS (detected on thermograms) and the melting point of s-PS. It has been shown that on melting of the syndiotactic polystyrene in the presence of the carbonaceous materials containing a relatively large number of oxide groups, the polymer oxidation reactions occur. This effect does not occur when carbonaceous materials with preliminary ammoxidation are applied.     

(N,N-diethylamino)alkoxy derivatives of phenanthrolines asDNA binding agents

The interaction of the tricyclic angular azaaromatic system having positive charged side chains withDNA, influence of molecular structure of the ligand on the mode of noncovalent binding, and stability of the complex formed were established. Several (N,N-diethylamino)alkoxy derivatives of 1,7-, 1,8-, 1,10- and 4,7-phenanthroline in the protonated form were used as ligand. The electronic and steric factors were shown as responsible for the electrostatic and intercalative interactions of the ligand withDNA. The syntheses of (N,N-diethylamino)alkoxy derivatives from parent phenanthrolines were elaborated.

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(N,N-Diethylamino)alkoxy-phenanthrolinverbindungen als DNA Bindungsagentien

Zusammenfassung Die Wechselwirkung von trizyklischen, azaaromatischen Systemen mit positiver Ladung an Seitenketten mitDNA, der Einfluß der molekularen Struktur des Liganden bei nonkovalenter Bindung und die Stabilität des gebildeten Komplexes wurde bestimmt. Als Liganden wurden mehrere (N,N-diethylamino)alkoxy-Verbindungen von 1,7-, 1,8-, 1,10- und 4,7-Phenanthrolin in protonierter Form benutzt. Es wurde gezeigt, daß die elektronischen und sterischen Faktoren für elektrostatische und intercalative Wechselwirkungen des Ligand undDNA verantwortlich sind. Es wurden Synthesen von (N,N-diethylamino)alkoxy-phenanthrolinen aus entsprechenden Chlorverbindungen ausgearbeitet.