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排序方式: 共有193条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
91.
Terazono Y Kodis G Bhushan K Zaks J Madden C Moore AL Moore TA Fleming GR Gust D 《Journal of the American Chemical Society》2011,133(9):2916-2922
One mechanism used by plants to protect against damage from excess sunlight is called nonphotochemical quenching (NPQ). Triggered by low pH in the thylakoid lumen, NPQ leads to conversion of excess excitation energy in the antenna system to heat before it can initiate production of harmful chemical species by photosynthetic reaction centers. Here we report a synthetic hexad molecule that functionally mimics the role of the antenna in NPQ. When the hexad is dissolved in an organic solvent, five zinc porphyrin antenna moieties absorb light, exchange excitation energy, and ultimately decay by normal photophysical processes. Their excited-state lifetimes are long enough to permit harvesting of the excitation energy for photoinduced charge separation or other work. However, when acid is added, a pH-sensitive dye moiety is converted to a form that rapidly quenches the first excited singlet states of all five porphyrins, converting the excitation energy to heat and rendering the porphyrins kinetically incompetent to readily perform useful photochemistry. 相似文献
92.
James J. Madden 《Topology and its Applications》2011,158(14):1768-1773
This paper gives an account of the contributions of Melvin Henriksen and John Isbell to the abstract theory of f-rings and formally real f-rings, with particular attention to the manner in which their work was framed by universal algebra. I describe the origins of the Pierce-Birkhoff Conjecture and present some other unsolved problems suggested by their work. 相似文献
93.
Vo TD Pant R Pelusi MD Schröder J Choi DY Debbarma SK Madden SJ Luther-Davies B Eggleton BJ 《Optics letters》2011,36(5):710-712
We demonstrate a photonic chip-based all-optical exclusive-OR (XOR) gate for phase-encoded optical signals via four-wave mixing in a highly nonlinear, dispersion-engineered chalcogenide (As2S3) planar waveguide. We achieve error-free, XOR operation for 40?Gbit/s differential phase shift keying (DPSK) optical signals with no power penalty. The effectiveness and broad bandwidth operation of our approach is highlighted by implementing an XOR gate for 160?Gbit/s DPSK signals. 相似文献
94.
Ionic solids and melts are compounds in which the interactions are dominated by electrostatic effects. However, the polarization of the ions also plays an important role in many respects as has been clarified in recent years thanks to the development of realistic polarizable interaction potentials. After detailing these models, we illustrate the importance of polarization effects on a series of examples concerning the structural properties, such as the stabilization of particular crystal structures or the formation of highly-coordinated multivalent ions in the melts, as well as the dynamic properties such as the diffusion of ionic species. The effects on the structure of molten salt interfaces (with vacuum and electrified metal) is also described. Although most of the results described here concern inorganic compounds (molten fluorides and chlorides, ionic oxides...), the particular case of the room-temperature ionic liquids, a special class of molten salts in which at least one species is organic, will also be briefly discussed to indicate how the ideas gained from the study of ‘simple’ molten salts are being transferred to these more complex systems. 相似文献
95.
96.
J. M. Carr P. G. Galiatsatos J. D. Gorfinkiel A. G. Harvey M. A. Lysaght D. Madden Z. Ma?ín M. Plummer J. Tennyson H. N. Varambhia 《The European Physical Journal D - Atomic, Molecular, Optical and Plasma Physics》2012,66(3):58
We describe the UK computational implementation of the R-matrix method
for the treatment of electron and positron scattering from molecules. Recent developments
in the UKRmol suite are detailed together with the collision processes it is enabling us
to treat. 相似文献
97.
Muthusamy Jayaraman Steven M. Ansell Barbara L. Mui Ying K. Tam Jianxin Chen Xinyao Du David Butler Laxman Eltepu Shigeo Matsuda Jayaprakash K. Narayanannair Kallanthottathil G. Rajeev Ismail M. Hafez Akin Akinc Martin A. Maier Mark A. Tracy Pieter R. Cullis Thomas D. Madden Muthiah Manoharan Michael J. Hope 《Angewandte Chemie (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》2012,124(34):8657-8661
98.
Mathieu Salanne Christian Simon Pierre Turq Paul A. Madden 《Journal of fluorine chemistry》2009,130(1):38-2315
The construction of an interaction potential for mixtures of LiF, NaF, KF and ZrF4 on a purely first-principles basis is described. Many-body interactions are included via a polarization term. The predictions of the heat-transfer properties of two mixtures, LiF-NaF-KF (FLiNaK) and NaF-ZrF4, are then compared with experimental values. Values for the densities, thermal expansions, heat capacities and viscosities are compiled into figures of merits in order to compare the suitability of those molten salts to serve as primary or secondary coolants in a nuclear reactor. 相似文献
99.
We consider the iterative solution of linear systems of equations arising from the discretization of singularly perturbed reaction-diffusion differential equations by finite-element methods on boundary-fitted meshes. The equations feature a perturbation parameter, which may be arbitrarily small, and correspondingly, their solutions feature layers: regions where the solution changes rapidly. Therefore, numerical solutions are computed on specially designed, highly anisotropic layer-adapted meshes. Usually, the resulting linear systems are ill-conditioned, and so, careful design of suitable preconditioners is necessary in order to solve them in a way that is robust, with respect to the perturbation parameter, and efficient. We propose a boundary layer preconditioner, in the style of that introduced by MacLachlan and Madden for a finite-difference method (MacLachlan and Madden, SIAM J. Sci. Comput. 35(5), A2225–A2254 2013). We prove the optimality of this preconditioner and establish a suitable stopping criterion for one-dimensional problems. Numerical results are presented which demonstrate that the ideas extend to problems in two dimensions. 相似文献
100.
D. A. P. Bulla R. P. Wang A. Prasad A. V. Rode S. J. Madden B. Luther-Davies 《Applied Physics A: Materials Science & Processing》2009,96(3):615-625
Thin films of Ge–As–Se chalcogenide glasses have been deposited by thermal evaporation from bulk material and submitted to
thermal treatments. The linear refractive index and optical band-gap for as-deposited and annealed films have been analyzed
as function of the deposition parameters, chemical composition and mean coordination number (MCN). The chemical composition
of the films was found to be directly affected by deposition rate, with low rates producing films with elevated Ge and reduced
As content, whilst at high rates the Ge content was generally reduced and As levels increased compared with the bulk starting
material. As a result films with close to the same stoichiometry as the bulk glass could be obtained by choosing appropriate
deposition conditions. As-deposited films with MCN in between 2.44 and 2.55 showed refractive indices and optical band-gaps
very close to those of the bulk glass whereas outside this range the film indices were higher and the optical gaps lower than
those of the bulk glass. Upon annealing at close to their glass transition temperature, high MCN films evolved such that their
indices and band-gaps approached the bulk glass values whereas at low MCN films resulted in no changes to the film properties. 相似文献