用于CARS激发源的全光纤飞秒脉冲谱压缩

进行了基于光纤预啁啾和自相位调制的多模/单模组合式全光纤啁啾谱压缩研究.提出利用多模光纤模式估计群速度色散均值的方法,并将该估计值作为啁啾参量分析的计算参数,仿真计算了50/125μm折射率渐变多模光纤的群速度色散均值及其与单模光纤在不同长度比值下的光谱压缩效果.采用三种折射率渐变多模光纤进行实验,对比分析了折射率渐变多模光纤的芯径大小及其与单模光纤的长度比值对光谱压缩效果的影响.实验结果表明使用50/125μm折射率渐变多模光纤获得光谱最大压缩比为5.796,谱宽为2.243 nm,与理论仿真一致;使用105/125μm折射率渐变多模光纤,可进一步提高压缩比至152.941,输出谱宽为0.085 nm的光脉冲.将此脉冲用于相干反斯托克斯拉曼散射光谱探测,理论光谱分辨率可达1.386 cm~(-1).     

连续变量1.34 μm量子纠缠态光场的实验制备

设计研制了连续单频671 nm/1342 nm双波长激光器,并通过模式清洁器降低了激光器额外噪声.利用该低噪声连续单频激光器抽运由Ⅱ类准相位匹配晶体构成的双共振非简并光学参量放大器,实验制备出纠缠度达3 dB的光通信波段1.34μm连续变量量子纠缠态光场.该波段量子纠缠态光场在光纤中传输损耗低且相散效应小,与现有的光纤通信系统相兼容,可用于实现基于光纤的实用化连续变量量子通信.     

A tunable multi-wavelength Brillouin–erbium fiber laser with fourfold Brillouin frequency spacing

We have experimentally demonstrated a tunable multi-wavelength Brillouin–erbium fiber laser with over 40 GHz spacing utilizing two cascaded double Brillouin-frequency-spacing cavities. In this laser configuration, two segments of 25 km-long single-mode fibers are used as Brillouin gain medium in each ring cavity, and a segment of 8 m-long erbium-doped fiber with 980 nm pump is employed to amplify Brillouin pump (BP). At BP wavelength of 1550 nm, BP power of 8.3 dBm (6.8 mW) and the maximum 980 nm pump power of 27.78 dBm (600 mW), seven output channels with fourfold Brillouin-frequency spacing, and the tuning range of 15 nm from 1545 to 1560 nm are achieved. The proposed multi-wavelength Brillouin–erbium fiber laser has wide applications, such as in microwave signal generation and optical communications.     

Effect of pyrolytic polyacrylonitrile on electrochemical performance of Si/graphite composite anode for lithium-ion batteries

The silicon/graphite (Si/G) composite was prepared using pyrolytic polyacrylonitrile (PAN) as carbon precursor, which is a nitrogen-doped carbon that provides efficient pathway for electron transfer. The combination of flake graphite and pyrolytic carbon layer accommodates the large volume expansion of Si during discharge-charge process. The Si/G composite was synthesized via cost-effective liquid solidification followed by carbonization process. The effect of PAN content on electrochemical performance of composites was investigated. The composite containing 40 wt% PAN exhibits a relatively better rate capability and cycle performance than others. It exhibits initial reversible specific capacity of 793.6 mAh g^?1 at a current density of 100 mA g^?1. High capacity of 661 mAh g^?1 can be reached after 50 cycles at current density of 500 mA g^?1.     

大尺度有效引力的E(2)规范理论模型

微波背景辐射的低l极矩的各向异性可能不能用微波背景辐射静止系boost到本动参考系来解释,我们推断boost对称性在宇宙学尺度上缺失,又由于单纯结合广义相对论和物质结构的标准模型不能解释星系以上尺度的引力现象,需要引入暗物质和暗能量.而迄今为止所有寻找暗物质粒子的实验给出的都是否定结果,暗能量的本质更是一个谜.因此,我们假设洛伦兹对称性是从星系以上尺度开始部分破缺,以非常狭义相对论对称群E(2)为例,用E(2)规范理论来构造大尺度有效引力理论,并分析了此规范理论的自洽性.从这些讨论中发现,当物质源即使为普通标量物质时,contortion也一般非零,非零contortion的存在会贡献一个等效能量动量张量的分布,它可能对暗物质效应给出至少部分的贡献.我们从对称性出发修改引力,有别于其他的修改引力理论.     

基于内核构建的Cu-Au-Pd团簇稳定结构优化

具有特殊催化、磁性和化学活性的三元合金团簇已成为基础科学研究的热点问题.确定其稳定结构是研究团簇性质的重要前提.针对大尺寸Cu-Au-Pd团簇结构优化,提出了内核构建的方法改进了自适应免疫优化算法的效率(称为AIOA-IC算法).采用基于紧束缚势二阶矩近似的多体Gupta势函数来描述三元合金团簇原子间相互作用.为测试算法效率优化了原子数为60的Ag-Pd-Pt团簇稳定结构.结果显示新得到的结构比文献报道的团簇结构势能量值更低,由此可知AIOA-IC算法具有更强的势能面搜索能力.运用该算法研究了38及55原子Cu-Au-Pd团簇的稳定结构.所研究的38原子Cu-Au-Pd团簇包含了五折叠、六折叠和截角八面体结构,并且原子成分比例影响了团簇的结构类型.而55原子Cu-Au-Pd团簇均为完整二十面体结构,序列参数显示Cu,Au和Pd原子分层现象明显.对于147原子Cu_(12)Au_(93)Pd_(42)团簇完整二十面体结构,中心原子为Au,内层和次外层分别被12个Cu原子和42个Pd原子占据,最外层则被92个Au原子占满.通过原子半径及表面能分析了Cu,Pd和Au原子分别倾向于分布在内层、次外层和最外层的规律.     

基于BiFeO_3/ITO复合膜表面钝化的黑硅太阳电池性能研究

采用金属银辅助化学刻蚀法在制绒的硅片表面刻蚀纳米孔形成微纳米双层结构,以期获得高吸收率的太阳能电池用黑硅材料.鉴于微纳米结构会在晶硅表面引入大量的载流子复合中心,利用磁控溅射技术在黑硅太阳电池表面制备了BiFeO_3/ITO复合膜,并对其表面性能和优化效果进行了探索.实验制备的具有微纳米双层结构的黑硅纳米线长约180—320 nm,在300—1000 nm波长范围内入射光反射率均在5%以下.沉积BiFeO_3/ITO复合薄膜后的黑硅太阳能电池反射率略有提高,但仍然具有较强的光吸收性能;采用BiFeO_3/ITO复合膜的黑硅太阳能电池开路电压和短路电流密度分别由最初的0.61 V和28.42 mA/cm~2提升至0.68 V和34.57 mA/cm~2,相应电池的光电转化效率由13.3%上升至16.8%.电池综合性能的改善主要是因为沉积BiFeO_3/ITO复合膜提高了电池光生载流子的有效分离,从而增强了黑硅太阳电池短波区域的光谱响应,表明具有自发极化性能的BiFeO_3薄膜对黑硅太阳能电池的表面性能可起到较好的优化作用.     

混有协同自适应巡航控制车辆的异质交通流稳定性解析与基本图模型

针对传统车辆和协同自适应巡航控制(cooperative adaptive cruise control,CACC)车辆构成的异质交通流,研究其稳定性与基本图模型.应用实车测试验证的CACC模型和智能驾驶员模型(intelligent driver model)分别作为CACC车辆和传统车辆的跟驰模型,建立异质流稳定性解析框架,研究不同平衡态速度、不同CACC车辆比例时的异质流稳定性.推导异质流基本图模型,并进行数值仿真实验.研究结果表明,在传统车辆稳定的速度范围,异质流处于稳定状态.在传统车辆不稳定的速度范围,CACC车辆比例增加以及平衡态速度远离9.6—18.6 m/s速度范围,均能够改善异质流的不稳定性.通行能力随着CACC车辆比例的增加而提高.此外,CACC模型的期望车间时距越大,异质流稳定域越大,但通行能力降低.因此,恒定车间时距CACC控制策略下的期望车间时距取值应权衡异质流稳定域和通行能力两个方面的影响.     

New numerical simulation for fractional Benney–Lin equation arising in falling film problems using two novel techniques

The pivotal aim of the present work is to find the numerical solution for fractional Benney–Lin equation by using two efficient methods, called q ‐homotopy analysis transform method and fractional natural decomposition method. The considered equation exemplifies the long waves on the liquid films. Projected methods are distinct with solution procedure and they are modified with different transform algorithms. To illustrate the reliability and applicability of the considered solution procedures we consider eight special cases with different initial conditions. The fractional operator is considered in Caputo sense. The achieved results are drowned through two and three‐dimensional plots for different Brownian motions and classical order. The numerical simulations are presented to ensure the efficiency of considered techniques. The behavior of the obtained results for distinct fractional order is captured in the present framework. The outcomes of the present investigation show that, the considered schemes are efficient and powerful to solve nonlinear differential equations arise in science and technology.     

An Improved Upper Bound on the Linear 2-arboricity of 1-planar Graphs

The linear 2-arboricity la_2(G) of a graph G is the least integer k such that G can be partitioned into k edge-disjoint forests,whose component trees are paths of length at most 2.In this paper,we prove that if G is a 1-planar graph with maximum degree Δ,then la_2(G)≤[(Δ+1)/2]+7.This improves a known result of Liu et al.(2019) that every 1-planar graph G has la_2(G)≤[(Δ+1)/2]+14.We also observe that there exists a 7-regular 1-planar graph G such that la_2(G)=6=[(Δ+1)/2]+2,which implies that our solution is within 6 from optimal.