Synthesis,Crystal Structure and Spectroscopic Properties of 1,2-Benzothiazine Derivatives:An Experimental and DFT Study

1,2-Benzothiazine derivatives methyl 3-methoxy-4-oxo-3,4-dihydro-2H-benzo[e] [1,2]thiazine-3-carboxylate 1,1-dioxide(1) and methyl 2-ethyl-3-hydroxy-4-oxo-3,4-dihydro-2Hbenzo[e][1,2]thiazine-3-carboxylate 1,1-dioxide(2) were synthesized, and characterized by spectroscopic techniques; 1H-NMR and infrared(IR) spectroscopy. Crystals of 1 and 2 were grown by slow evaporation of methanol and ethyl acetate, respectively and their crystal structures were investigated by single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. Geometric properties were calculated by the B3 LYP method of density functional theory(DFT) at the 6-31G+(d) basis set to compare with the experimental data. Simulated properties were found in strong agreement with the experimental ones. Intermolecular forces have also been modeled in order to investigate the strength of packing and strong hydrogen bonding was observed in both compounds 1 and 2. Electronic properties such as Ionization Potential(IP), Electron Affinities(EA) and coefficients of the highest occupied molecular orbital(HOMO) and the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital(LUMO) of com- pounds 1 and 2 were simulated for the first time.     

Developing imprinted polymer nanoparticles for the selective separation of antidiabetic drugs

In this study, new molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) nanoparticles are designed for selective recognition of different drugs used for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus, i.e. sitagliptin (SG) and metformin (MF). The SG‐ and MF‐imprinted polymer nanoparticles are synthesized by free‐radical initiated polymerization of the functional monomers: methacrylic acid and methyl methacrylate; and the crosslinker: ethylene glycol dimethacrylate. The surface morphology of resultant MIP nanoparticles is studied by atomic force microscopy. Fourier transform infrared spectra of MIP nanoparticles suggest the presence of reversible, non‐covalent interactions between the template and the polymer. The effect of pH on the rebinding of antidiabetic drugs with SG‐ and MF‐imprinted polymers is investigated to determine the optimal experimental conditions. The molecular recognition characteristics of SG‐ and MF‐imprinted polymers for the respective drug targets are determined at low concentrations of SG (50–150 ppm) and MF (5–100 ppm). In both cases, the MIP nanoparticles exhibit higher binding response compared to non‐imprinted polymers. Furthermore, the MIPs demonstrate high selectivity with four fold higher responses toward imprinted drugs targets, respectively. Recycled MIP nanoparticles retain 90% of their drug‐binding efficiency, which makes them suitable for successive analyses with significantly preserved recognition features.     

THREE POINT BOUNDARY VALUE PROBLEMS FOR NONLINEAR FRACTIONAL DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS

In this paper, we study existence and uniqueness of solutions to nonlinear three point boundary value problems for fractional differential equation of the type c D δ 0+ u(t) = f (t, u(t), c D σ 0+ u(t)), t ∈ [0, T ], u(0) = αu(η), u(T ) = βu(η), where 1 < δ < 2, 0 < σ < 1, α, β∈ R, η∈ (0, T ), αη(1 -β) + (1-α)(T βη) = 0 and c D δ 0+ , c D σ 0+ are the Caputo fractional derivatives. We use Schauder fixed point theorem and contraction mapping principle to obtain existence and uniqueness results. Examples are also included to show the applicability of our results.     

Convergence of Ishikawa’s iteration method for pseudocontractive mappings

Let C be a nonempty, closed and convex subset of a real Hilbert space H. Let T_i:C→C,i=1,2,…,N, be a finite family of Lipschitz pseudocontractive mappings. It is our purpose, in this paper, to prove strong convergence of Ishikawa’s method to a common fixed point of a finite family of Lipschitz pseudocontractive mappings provided that the interior of the common fixed points is nonempty. No compactness assumption is imposed either on T or on C. Moreover, computation of the closed convex set C_n for each n≥1 is not required. The results obtained in this paper improve on most of the results that have been proved for this class of nonlinear mappings.     

Redox switching of polyoxometalate-methylene blue-based layer-by-layer films

Iron-substituted crown-type polyoxometalate (POM) [P(8)W(48)O(184)Fe(16)(OH)(28)(H(2)O)(4)](20-) has been successfully immobilized onto glassy carbon electrode surfaces by means of the layer-by-layer (LBL) technique employing the cationic redox active dye, methylene blue (MB). The constructed multilayers exhibit pH-dependent redox activity for both the anionic POM and the cationic dye moieties, which is in good agreement with their solution behavior. The films have been characterized by alternating current impedance, atomic force microscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, whereby the nature of the outer layer within the assemblies was found to have an effect upon the film's behavior. Preliminary investigations show that the POM dye-based films show electrocatalytic ability toward the reduction of hydrogen peroxide, however, only when there is an outer anionic POM layer.     

Random fixed point theorems for multivalued acyclic random maps

Some random fixed point theorems for acyclic valued random operators are proved. The class of acyclic – valued random operators includes convex – valued and star – shaped – valued random operators. This leads to the discovery of some new results     

Implicit and explicit algorithms for solving the split feasibility problem

Very recently, Dang and Gao (Inverse Probl 27:015007, 2011) introduced a KM-CQ algorithm with strong convergence for the split feasibility problem. In this paper, we will continue to consider the split feasibility problem. We present two algorithms. First, we introduce an implicit algorithm. Consequently, by discretizing the continuous implicit algorithm, we obtain an explicit algorithm. Under some weaker conditions, we show the strong convergence of presented algorithms to some solution of the split feasibility problem which solves some special variational inequality. As special cases, we obtain two algorithms which converge strongly to the minimum norm solution of the split feasibility problem. Results obtained in this paper include the corresponding results of Dang and Gao (2011) and extend a recent result of Wang and Xu (J Inequalities Appl 2010, doi:10.1155/2010/102085).     

Chemiluminescence Determination of Cefixime Trihydrate Based on Acidic Diperiodatoargentate(Ⅲ)-Rhodamine 6-G System

A novel chemiluminescence(CL) method is proposed for cefixime trihydrate(CFX) determination based on its eiiliancement effect on diperiodatoargentate(III)(DPA)-rhodamine 6-G(Rh6-G) reaction in conjunction with flow injection analysis(FIA). A linear calibration curve was achieved over the range from 0.01 mg/L to 2.5 mg/L CFX(R^2=0.999,n=8) with relative standard deviation(RSD) of 1.4%-3.8%(n=4)), limit of detection(LOD) of 3.0×10^-3 mg/L(S/N=3),injection tliroughput of 180/h and regression equation of y=1113.2x-14.596[y=CL intensity (mV) and x=concentration of CFX(mg/L)]. The method was successfully applied to CFX determination in pharmaceutical formulations and the recoveries(%) for proposed FI-CL and a reported spectrophotometric method by applying the Student t-test [calculated t-test value: t=1.079215, and tabulated t-distributed(95%)=2.200985] were not significantly diflerent. The CFX was efficiently extracted and no significant effect of commonly found excipients in the pharmaceutical formulations was observed. The mechanism of CL reaction is discussed briefly.     

Synthesis,Crystal Structure and Fluorescent Properties of a 1D Europium Coordination Polymer with 2,5-Furandicarboxylic Acid

By using solvothermal method,a one-dimensional chain compound[KEu₂（FDCA）₃（H₂O）₉·0.5（FDCA）]（1） was synthesized.Single-crystal X-ray diffraction data reveal that 1 crystallizes in monoclinic system,space group P2₁/n with a=12.1996（1）,b=18.6454（2）,c=17.7123（2）?,β=98.8460（10）°,Dc=1.753 g/cm³,Z=2,V=3981.03（7）?³,R=0.0544 and wR=0.1511 for 7886 observed reflections with I>2σ（I）.In1,three FDCA^2– ligands construct ...