消除光谱图中强连续背景的相干光学处理方法

从光学信息处理的观点出发,把有连续光谱背景的光谱图当作低对比度的光学图象,利用相干光学处理系统和适当的空间高通滤波器来消除连续背景。文中给出了实验结果,并作了理论计算。可以认为这是对光谱图提高信杂比的一种新方法。 关键词：     

High-Speed and Large-Scale Electromagnetically Actuated Resonant MEMS Optical Scanner

A high speed electromagnetically actuated resonant micro-electromechanical systems (MEMS) optical scanner with large mirror area of 6×4mm² has beendeveloped. The MEMS optical scanner chip is fabricated using bulk silicon micromachining process and electroplating technique, and can generate the maximum optical deflection angle of ±6.8°circ at the 2.95kHz resonant frequency with a quality factor of 197 in air under the low power consumption of 50mW, when it is immersed in a constant 510.2mT magnetic field parallel to the coil plane. In addition, the surface roughness of less than 20nm for scanning mirror has been measured and the optical reflectivity of mirror atwavelength of 1550nm is high up to 85%. The results show that the device can satisfy the demands of mm-sized scanning systems in optical communications.     

基于认知模型建构的“盐类水解程度大小内因分析”的教学实验设计

从认知模型建构的角度对“盐类水解程度大小的内因分析”进行研究。在此基础上从同周期、同主族以及相同元素不同组成的物质3个维度出发,选用Na2CO3,Na2SiO3,Na2GeO3,NaHCO3,FeCl3,ZnCl2,CuCl2为基本物质,利用精密pH试纸结合浊度计为检测手段,设计相关的教学实验,为学生有效建构“盐类水解程度大小与盐的组成和结构有关”这一核心观念提供实验事实支撑。该组实验装置简单、操作简便、现象明显,能很好地帮助学生建构科学观念。     

P(DMOAB-AM)共聚物的制备及其与表面活性剂的相互作用

以二甲基十八烷基(3-丙烯酰胺丙基)溴化铵(DMOAB)和丙烯酰胺(AM)为单体,十八烷基三甲基氯化铵(OTAC)为混合胶束剂,采用自由基胶束共聚法制备了兼具离子性和疏水缔合两种结构特性的疏水缔合聚丙烯酰胺P(DMOAB AM),其结构经FT-IR表征。运用表观粘度法初步研究了表面活性剂对P(DMOAB-AM)溶液表观粘度的影响。结果表明：油酸钾(KOA)对P(DMOAB-AM)溶液表观粘度的影响明显优越于OTAC。KOA与P(DMOAB-AM)之间存在协同增粘效应,且P(DMOAB-AM)/阴离子表面活性剂缔合体系“网络结构”的强弱取决于表面活性剂烷基链的长度。     

Ru(PPh3)Cl2催化的苄醇氧化反应研究

以Ru(PPh₃)Cl₂为催化剂,取代苄醇为原料,在O₂氛围中利用分子氧进行选择性氧化,合成了12个芳香醛衍生物（2a~2l）,其结构经¹H NMR, ¹³C NMR和IR确证。以4-甲氧基苯甲醛（2b）的合成为例,研究了催化剂、反应温度、溶剂和催化剂用量对2产率的影响。〖JP3〗结果表明：在最优反应条件[1 1 mmol, 5 mmol%Ru(PPh₃)Cl₂, 1,2-二氯乙烷2 mL,于90 ℃反应6 h]下,2a~2l产率75%~97%。     

Recent Progress in Applications of the Conditional Nonlinear Optimal Perturbation Approach to Atmosphere-Ocean Sciences

The conditional nonlinear optimal perturbation (CNOP for short) approach is a powerful tool for predictability and targeted observation studies in atmosphere-ocean sciences. By fully considering nonlinearity under appropriate physical constraints, the CNOP approach can reveal the optimal perturbations of initial conditions, boundary conditions, model parameters, and model tendencies that cause the largest simulation or prediction uncertainties. This paper reviews the progress of applying the CNOP approach to atmosphere-ocean sciences during the past five years. Following an introduction of the CNOP approach, the algorithm developments for solving the CNOP are discussed.Then, recent CNOP applications, including predictability studies of some high-impact ocean-atmospheric environmental events, ensemble forecast, parameter sensitivity analysis, uncertainty estimation caused by errors of model tendency or boundary condition, are reviewed. Finally, a summary and discussion on future applications and challenges of the CNOP approach are presented.     

PBT-PA6嵌段共聚物中嵌段间的相容性

用热分析、动态粘弹谱、红外光谱和小角X光散射的实验结果,证实了在聚对苯二甲酸丁二酯-聚己内酰胺嵌段共聚物(简称PBT-PA_6)的无定形区中,两嵌段间具有良好的相容性,两嵌段间有氢键生成。     

铟锡氧化物ITO纳米粉体的共沉淀法合成

Indium tin oxide (ITO) nanoparticles were synthesized by precipitation method from granulated indium and oxalate tin. The ITO particles were characterized by means of XRD, BET and TEM. The tin doping decreases the crystallite size, increases the specific surface area and decreases the lattice volume of the ITO nanoparticles. The absence of chlorine ions in the synthesis greatly increases the particles′ purity, decreases the agglomeration and improves the synthesis efficiency. This synthesis process to ITO nanoparticles is now in pilot-scale production in: Light & Future Advanced Material Co. LTD, Daegu, Korea.     

尼龙－1010的聚集态结构

用ＷＡＸＤ，ＤＳＣ，方差－范围函数，密度测量等方法，研究了经不同热处理的尼龙－１０１０的聚集态结构。发现退火处理更有利于尼龙－１０１０结晶的生成和稳定，且尼龙－１０１０的结晶，有一个最佳的热处理温度，在该温度附近，尼龙－１０１０的结晶度和不见得昌尺寸呈最大值。     

大庆减压渣油热转化前后镍分布的研究

大庆减压渣油在高压釜中 4 0 5℃、1h条件下进行热转化反应 ,对原料及热转化后尾油 (>5 0 0℃ )用正戊烷沉淀沥青质 ,再用含水 5 % (质量分数 )的氧化铝为吸附剂的色谱法将大庆减压渣油分离为六个组分 ,然后用硅胶色谱法对每个组分中的镍卟啉进行富集 ,并根据可见光谱加以测定。用原子吸收法测定了原料减压渣油、尾油及各组分的镍含量。研究结果表明 ,大庆减压渣油经过热转化后有近 5 0 %的渣油转化为气体和馏分油 ,并有少量的焦炭生成。大庆减压渣油无戊烷沥青质 ,其中的Ni主要集中在中胶、重胶及n C5沥青质中。在热转化尾油中 ,大部分的镍集中在中胶、重胶及戊烷沥青质中 ,卟啉镍主要集中在多环芳烃和轻胶质中 ,非卟啉镍主要集中在中胶、重胶和戊烷沥青质中。热转化对镍起到了脱除作用