从多波段图像中获取大气透过率的测量方法

提出了一种基于单帧多波段图像测量非气体吸收波段和弱气体吸收波段大气透过率的方法,可应用于相关光电工程中评估和修正大气衰减影响.首先,利用经过绝对辐射定标的图像采集设备获得辐射图像;其次,基于大气中图像退化光学模型与暗通道先验统计理论得到辐射图像暗通道对应的宽波段平均大气透过率;最后,结合特定波段消光系数和宽波段平均消光系数间的关系得到特定波段的大气透过率.实验对比分析表明:本文方法与能见度仪、激光雷达测量结果相关性较高,其中与能见度仪相比,相关系数在0.89和0.95之间,与激光雷达相比,相关系数在0.95和0.97之间;在1km近距离条件下与能见度仪、激光雷达测量结果平均相对偏差最高分别为9%和6%,在远距离条件下,与能见度仪测量结果相比,4km和6km平均相对偏差最高分别为15%和30%,与激光雷达测量结果相比,4km和6km平均相对偏差最高分别为9%和18%.     

六硼化铕亚微米管的电子场发射性能(英文)

以铕(Eu)粉末和三氯化硼(BCl3)作为前驱体,用简单的化学气相沉积方法制备了六硼化铕(EuB6)亚微米管。用XRD,SEM拉曼光谱,和TEM来表征EuB6微米管的形貌和晶体结构。场发射测试结果表明:根据F-N公式,场发射电流和电场之间在不同的阶段分别满足直线关系。     

由Pb-O螺旋链构筑具有罕见ecl拓扑结构的铅(Ⅱ)配位聚合物

Under hydrothermal condition, a novel coordination polymer [Pb(C₄H₄O₆)]_n has been successfully synthesized by reaction flexible racemic ligand D,L-tartaric acid (C₄H₄O₆) and Pb(Ⅱ)(NO₃)₂. Its structure is determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis and further characterized by X-ray powder diffraction, IR, CHN and TG analyses. It crystallizes in tetragonal, space group I4₁/acd with a=1.569 0(2) nm, c=1.009 5(2) nm, V=2.485 0(7) nm³, Z=16. Its structure contains left- and right-handed helical chains. Such helical chains with opposite chirality are alternatively arranged and further connected to form a three-dimensional framework. Topology analysis shows that it presents rare ecl topological structure. CCDC: 771026.     

具有特殊伸缩矩阵的三元不可分小波的构造

多元小波分析是分析和处理高维数字信号的有力工具.不可分多元小波被广泛地应用在模式识别、纹理分析和边缘检测等领域.本文给出了构造一类特殊伸缩矩阵的紧支撑三元不可分小波的算法,利用该算法得到的小波函数继承了来源于尺度函数和符号函数的对称性和消失矩性质,由于符号函数中的参数选取具有很大的自由度,因此可以根据不同的实际情况来动态地确定符号函数,从而为这类小波在信号处理方面的应用提供了便利.最后给出了相应的数值算例.     

物理化学教学的形成性评价探索与实践

在Blackboard (Bb)教学平台基础上,综合利用线上线下教学资源,构建陕西师范大学物理化学理论课程教学的形成性评价体系,对学生自主学习、总结提升、效果检测三方面进行综合性评价。这种贯穿整个教学过程的形成性评价方式对学生的有效学习起到了积极的促进作用。     

大黄鱼大型座底式围栏养殖的不同形式和管理的效果

为了解大黄鱼大型座底式围栏养殖的不同形式和管理的效果, 在详细介绍围栏结构和饲养管理技术的基础上, 对养殖效果进行了比较. 结果: 在加强饲养管理的条件下, 以钢管柱桩+铜合金网衣围栏养殖效果最佳, 台州大陈岛海域的该种形式围栏2017~2018年平均单位面积产量达到27kg·. 研究结果可为大黄鱼围栏养殖的形式选择提供参考, 同时为大型围栏养殖提供管理经验     

An Array of One-Dimensional Porous Silicon Photonic Crystal Reflector Islands for a Far-Infrared Image Detector

With the aid of photolithography, an array of one-dimensional porous silicon photonic crystai reflector islands for a far infrared image detector ranging from 10 μm to 14 μm is successfully fabricated. Silicon nitride formed by low pressure chemical vapor deposition （LPCVD） was used as the masking layer for the island array formation. After etching, the microstructures were examined by a scanning electron microscope and the optical properties were studied by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, the result indicates that the multilayer structure could be obtained in the perpendicular direction via periodically alternative etching current in each pre-pattern. At the same time, the island array has a well-proportioned lateral etching effect, which is very useful for the thermal isolation in lateral orientation of the application in devices. It is concluded that regardless of the absorption of the deposition layer on the substrate, the localized photonic crystalline islands have higher reflectivity. The designed islands structure not only prevents the cracking of the porous silicon layers but is also useful for the application in the cold part for the sensor devices and the iliterconnection of each pixel.     

衍射法测量低频液体表面波的衰减系数

提出了一种可用于几百赫兹低频液体表面声波研究的激光衍射法测量新技术。在实验上采用入射光掠入射到表面波上在远场得到了中间亮,两边暗的高反衬度的衍射条纹,实验中发现对频率为几百赫兹的低频衰减液体表面波,当移动振源改变激光入射点与振源间距离时发现零级条纹消失,这意味着此时的衍射效率接近100%。在理论上给出了衍射光强度与表面波振幅的解析关系,并利用所提出的新技术实现了对几百赫兹液体表面波的衰减系数的实时测量。     

吹扫捕集气相色谱法分析化妆品中挥发性化合物

建立了同时测定化妆品中7种挥发性化合物的吹扫捕集气相色谱法（PT-GC）,该方法最大的优点就是不用任何有机溶剂对样品萃取和浓缩,减少了对环境的污染,具有灵敏度高、检出限低、定量准确、操作简便等特点。结果表明：此方法有较好的重复性,相对标准偏差在6%以下;检出限为0.3056-7.1373ng/mL;7种物质的回收率在80.87%—107.15%之间。     

Floquet states and geometrical phase of a multi-level system in cyclic evolution

We study the electronic states of a mesoscopic system whose Hamiltonian has a complicated static multi-level energy structure and undergoes periodic evolution in time. By using the Floquet theory, we derive the quasienergies, the Floquet states, and the geometrical phase. It is shown numerically that the geometrical phase is strongly dependent on the evolution circuits in the parameter space and on the evolution frequency of the varying Hamiltonian. In some cases the nonadiabatic geometric phases can exhibit chaotic behavior. We also show a trend of phase compensation in pairs of states which could restore the phase coherence if the pairing occurs.