New Electroweak Model Without a Higgs Particle

A new unified electroweak model is proposed in this paper. In this unified electroweak model, Higgsmechanism is not used, so no Higgs particle exists in the model. In order to keep the masses of intermediate gaugebosons non-zero, two sets of gauge fields will be introduced. In order to introduce symmetry breaking and to help tointroduce the masses of all fields, a vacuum potential is needed. Except for those terms concerning Higgs particle, thefundamental dynamical properties of this model are similar to those of the standard model. And in a proper limit, thismodel will approximately return to the standard model. The purpose of this paper is not to say that the Higgs particledoes not exist in Nature, it is only to prove that, without a Higgs particle, we can also set up a unified electroweak modelwhich is consistent with present experiments.     

喷气Z箍缩内爆等离子体的雪铲模型

 在喷气Z pinch内爆等离子体研究中，雪铲模型是一种常用的、比较简单的物理模型。根据实验中提供的电流波形，负载线质量和初始半径，可以通过雪铲模型来估算内爆到心的时刻。根据一维运动方程和不同构形下的解析解以及部分实验结果相结合，讨论了雪铲模型的适用范围。数值计算的内爆时间和实验（Gamble II, Double EAGLE, BLACKJACK 5）测量值符合得较好。结果表明，雪铲模型在喷气Z pinch实验的负载优化设计研究中是很有参考价值的方法。     

A novel detection scheme for vibration monitoring using optical techniques

An all-fibre interferometer which allows the measurement of the movement (speed and distance) of a vibrating body is presented. An electronic signal processing scheme is used and this is contrasted with the measurement of velocity through an optical processing technique, which is however, more complex and expensive to implement. The overall simplicity of the electronic technique, the low cost of components and the use of an all-fibre arrangement make this an attractive system to implement where the more limited information available is sufficient for monitoring purposes.     

Solid state reactions of nitrogenous heterocyclic compounds(Ⅰ)——Solid state reactions of 3-methyl-l-phenyl-5-pyrazolone with carbonyl compounds

The solid state reaction of 3-methyl-1-phenyl-5-pyrazolone (MPP) with aromatic aldehydes and ke-tones benzil derivatives and imides,and the solid state Michael addition reaction of MPP with 4-arylidene-3-methyl-1-phenyl-5-pyrnzolone 2 were investigated.Some new solid state reactions between the reactants were found,from which a series of new compounds were obtained The structures of the products were identified by IR,1H NMR,MS,elemental analyses and also by X-ray crystal analysis,and the reaction mechanism of MPP with aromatic aldehydes and ketones was proposed     

Shortening of travelling-wave-amplified spontaneous emission by a transversal pumping scheme

An experimental investigation on shortening of travelling-wave ASE employing a transversal pumping is presented. A N₂ laser with =337.1 nm, pulsewidth: 700 ps is used as a pump source. An ASE pulse with duration of 45, 55 and 45 ps from dye solution of Rh 6G, Rh B and C311, respectively, is obtained. Pulse shapes of output signals generated from these solutions in three different pumping schemes are compared.     

Carbon anode materials from polysiloxanes for lithium ion batteries

Three kinds of silicon-containing disordered carbons have been prepared by pyrolysis of polysiloxanes with different amounts of phenyl side groups. X-ray powder diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and electrochemical capacity measurements were performed to study their behaviors. Graphite crystallites, micropores, and silicon species affect their electrochemical performances. All of them present high reversible capacities, >372 mAh/g. Since the graphite crystallites are very small, they contribute very little to reversible capacity. The number of micropores produced by gas emission during the heat-treatment process decides whether they exhibit reversible capacity. Si mainly exists in the form C–Si–O and influences the irreversible capacity. There is no evident capacity fading in the first ten cycles, indicating promising properties for these disordered carbons.     

Quinazolines and 1,4-benzodiazepines. XLVI. Photochemistry of nitrones and oxaziridines

The cyclic nitrones 7-chloro-1,3-dihydro-5-phenyl-2H-1,4-benzodiazepin-2-one 4-oxide ( 5a ) and 1,3-dihydro-7-methylthio-5-phenyl-2H-1,4-benzodiazepin-2-one 4-oxide ( 5b ) are photoisomerized to readily isolable oxaziridines, 7-chloro-4,5-epoxy-5-phenyl-1,3,4–5-tetrahydro-2H-1,4-benzodiazepin-2-one ( 6a ) and 4,5-epoxy-5-phenyl-1,3,4,5-tetrahydro-7-methylthio-2H-1,4-benzo-diazepin-2-one ( 6b ). Oxaziridine 6b upon further irradiation gave ring expansion and ring contraction products, 4,6-dihydro-2-phenyl-9-methylthio-5H-1,3,6-benzoxadiazocin-5-one ( 7b ) and 4-benzoyl-3,4-dihydro-6-methylthioquinoxalin-2(1H)-one ( 8b ) respectively. The ring contraction product, 4-benzoyl-6-chloro-3,4-dihydroquinoxalin-2(1H)-one ( 8a ), was obtained from irradiation of oxaziridine 6a .     

Sorption of 241Am by Aspergillus nigerspore and hyphae

Biosorption of ²⁴¹Am by a fungus A. niger, including the spore and hyphae, was investigated. The preliminary results showed that the adsorption of ²⁴¹Am by the microorganism was efficient. More than 96% of the total ²⁴¹Am could be removed from ²⁴¹Am solutions of 5.6-111 MBq/l (C _o) by spore and hyphaeof A. niger, with adsorbed ²⁴¹Am metal (Q) of 7.2-142.4 MBq/g biomass, and 5.2-106.5 MBq/g, respectively. The biosorption equilibrium was achieved within 1 hour and the optimum pH range was pH 1-3. No obvious effects on ²⁴¹Am adsorption by the fungus were observed at 10-45 °C, or in solutions containing Au³⁺ or Ag⁺, even 2000 times above the ²⁴¹Am concentration. The ²⁴¹Am biosorption by the fungus obeys the Freundlich adsorption equation. There was no significant difference between the adsorption behavior of A. nigerspore and hyphae. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

Biosorption of americium-241 by Saccharomyces cerevisiae

The biosorption of radionuclide ²⁴¹Am from solution by Saccharomyces cerevisiae (S. cerevisiae), and the effects of experimental conditions on the adsorption were investigated. The preliminary results showed thatS. cerevisiae is a very efficient biosorbent. An average of more than 99% of the total ²⁴¹Am could be removed by S. cerevisiae of 2.1 g/l (dry weight) from ²⁴¹Am solutions of 17.54–4386.0 mg/l (2.22 MBq/l–555 MBq/l) with adsorption capacities of 7.45–1880.0 mg/g biomass (dry weight) (0.94 MBq/g–237.9 MBq/g). The adsorption equilibrium was achieved within 1 hour and the optimum pH ranged 1–3. No significant differences on ²⁴¹Am adsorption were observed at 10–45 °C, or in solutions containing Au³⁺ or Ag⁺, even 2000 times above ²⁴¹Am concentration. The relationship between concentrations and adsorption capacities of ²⁴¹Am indicated the biosorption process should be described by the Freundlich adsorption isotherm.