Elevation of the Power Factor of Co4Sb12 Skutterudite with Sm-Doping in High-Pressure High-Temperature Synthesis

A thermoelectric material Smx Co4Sb12 （0（ x ≤1.0） is synthesized at high pressure and high temperature leading to an enhanced power factor. The experimental measurements show that the SmxCo4Sb12 compounds exhibits n-type conduction. The absolute value of the Seebeck coefficient decreases with increasing Sm fraction. The resistivity increases with samarium content x from 0.1 to 0.2, but decreases dramatically when x changes from 0.2 to 1.0. The maximum power factor reaches 13.1 μW.cm^-1K-2 at x =1.0, which is larger than the data previously reported for the La-doped CoSb3 prepared at room pressure.     

An analysis of seismic attenuation in random porous media

The attenuation of seismic wave in rocks has been one of the interesting research topics, but till now no poroelasticity models can thoroughly explain the strong attenuation of wave in rocks. In this paper, a random porous medium model is designed to study the law of wave propagation in complex rocks based on the theory of Biot poroelasticity and the general theory of stochastic process. This model sets the density of grain, porosity, permeability and modulus of frame as random parameters in space, and only one fluid infiltrates in rocks for the sake of better simulation effect in line with real rocks in earth strata. Numerical simulations are implemented. Two different inverse quality factors of fast P-wave are obtained by different methods to assess attenuation through records of virtual detectors in wave field (One is amplitude decay method in time domain and the other is spectral ratio method in frequency domain). Comparing the attenuation results of random porous medium with those of homogeneous porous medium, we conclude that the attenuation of seismic wave of homogeneous porous medium is far weaker than that of random porous medium. In random porous media, the higher heterogeneous level is, the stronger the attenuation becomes, and when heterogeneity σ = 0.15 in simulation, the attenuation result is consistent with that by actual observation. Since the central frequency (50 Hz) of source in numerical simulation is in earthquake band, the numerical results prove that heterogeneous porous structure is one of the important factors causing strong attenuation in real stratum at intermediate and low frequency.     

LASIS高光谱图像的3D-SPECK压缩算法

将三维集合分裂嵌入块编码算法结合感兴趣区域的压缩方案用于大孔径静态干涉成像光谱仪图像压缩.首先,对高光谱干涉图像序列进行三维非对称离散小波变换.其次,定义零块树作为编码单位.采用感兴趣区域方法对不同的编码单位赋予不同的比特率,以保护光谱信息.最后,采用改进的三维集合分裂嵌入块编码算法分别对每个编码单位进行编码.实验结果表明,该方案在8:1压缩比下,获得大于40dB的峰值信噪比,同时有效地保护了光谱信息.该算法复杂度低,实时性好,满足大孔径静态干涉成像光谱仪系统图像压缩要求.     

低氧低分压环境下泡塑吸附原子吸收光谱法测定矿石中的金

在青海低氧低分压环境下,试样用王水分解,在王水介质中用多孔聚氨酯泡沫振荡吸附富集,然后用硫脲加热解脱,再直接用火焰原子吸收分光光度计测定。通过对泡塑的吸附振荡,解脱时间,硫脲浓度等条件的探讨,确定了最佳分析条件,解决了低氧低分压环境下常量A u的测定。     

反相高效液相色谱法测定维格列汀

建立反相高效液相色谱法测定维格列汀的含量。采用Venusil MP C18色谱柱（250mm×4.6mm,5μm）,流动相为磷酸盐缓冲溶液(称取20mmol·L^-1磷酸二氢钾,用85%浓磷酸调至pH3.0)-乙腈（88:12,V/V）,检测波长为210nm,流速为1.0mL·min^-1,柱温为25℃。维格列汀在5—500μg·mL^-1范围内与峰面积呈良好的线性关系（r=0.9999）,维格列汀的平均回收率为102.0%,RSD为2.65%。方法准确、简便,适用于维格列汀的定量分析。     

便携式土壤重金属探测仪光学结构设计

当前土壤中的重金属污染日益严重,研究开发便携式土壤重金属快速、现场检测技术设备能为土壤重金属污染状况普查提供快速、有效的技术手段。系统中发射光路采用透镜对激光光束会聚并作用到样品;收集光路采用抛物面镜组对等离子体光信号收集并耦合至光纤。分析了激光光束经透镜汇聚后作用到样品时的功率密度,给出了等离子体光信号耦合至光纤端面的光斑大小,并得到整个光学系统的大小尺寸。结果表明,整个光学系统结构紧凑、体积小、光信号耦合效率高,非常适用于便携式土壤重金属快速、现场的探测系统应用。     

TiO2表面光催化基元过程

在过去的几十年里,得益于二氧化钛(TiO₂)作为光催化剂在光催化分解水、污染物降解方面的潜在应用,人们对TiO₂光催化剂的开发、改良以及TiO₂表面光催化机理的基础研究方面都投入了巨大的精力。因此,在超高真空环境下,利用不同的实验和理论方法,人们对TiO₂表面(特别是金红石TiO₂(110)表面)的热催化和光催化过程进行了大量的研究,以此来获得上述重要反应中的一些机理性的信息。本文中,将从TiO₂的物质结构以及电子结构开始,然后着重介绍TiO₂表面光生电荷(电子和空穴)的传输、捕获以及电子转移动力学方面的进展。在此基础上,总结了甲醇在金红石TiO₂(110)、TiO₂(011)以及锐钛矿TiO₂(101)表面光化学基元反应过程的一些实验结果。这些结果不仅能增进我们对表面光催化基元过程的认识,同时也能激励我们进一步去研究表面光催化基元过程。最后,基于现有光化学实验结果,简短地讨论了我们对光催化反应机理的一点看法,并提出了一个可能的光催化模型,这可以引起人们对光催化反应机理更全面的思考。     

不同软段结构聚氨酯-酰亚胺嵌段共聚物的合成及热性能研究

用二步法合成了不同软段 (PPO ,PEG ,PEPA)聚氨酯 酰亚胺 (PUI)嵌段共聚物 ,FTIR光谱表征了所有合成PUI分子主链均含有酰亚胺链段 ,并研究了PUI嵌段共聚物的热性能受软段类型及长度的影响 .DSC研究表明聚酯型PUI的软硬段之间的相容性比聚醚型PUI好 ,随相同软段分子量的增加 ,PUI体系的软硬段兼容性变差 ,并显示了相分离的特征 ;热失重 (TGA)研究得出不同软段的PUI样品的热稳定性大小顺序为 :PEPA PUI >PEG PUI>PPO PUI ;动态力学 (DMTA)研究给出了所合成的PUI样品在 5 0～ 2 0 0℃范围内均出现了较长的模量平台显示出有较好的耐热性 ,且随硬段含量的升高其储能模量不断增强     

十六烷基三甲基溴化铵-溴化钾-硝酸钠体系浮选分离铂(Ⅳ)

在pH3．0的克拉克-鲁布斯缓冲溶液中,铂（Ⅳ）以PtBr5^2-·2CTMAB＋的形式从含有0．59mol·L^-1硝酸钠、5．0×10^-3mol·L^-1溴化钾及3．0×10^-1mol·L^-1十六烷基三甲基溴化铵（CTMAB）的试液中定量浮选分离。此方法中浮选分离时试液的总体积定为10mL,其中合0．1mol·L^-1溴化钾溶液0．5mL,0．01mol·L^-1CTMAB溶液3mL及硝酸钠0．5g。试验结果表明：100／lg铂（Ⅳ）有效地与多达1．0mg的铬（Ⅲ）、锰（Ⅱ）、铝（Ⅲ）、镍（Ⅱ）、镓（Ⅲ）、铁（Ⅱ）及锌（Ⅱ）分离,铂（Ⅳ）的浮选率迭100％。此方法应用于已知含铂0．102％（质量分数）的Ni—Pt／Al2O3催化剂的分析,测得铂量的平均值为0．099％,测定值的相对标准偏差（n=7）为2．2％。     

Quality assessment of Astragali Radix based on pseudo-targeted metabolomics and chemometric approach

Astragali Radix is widely used because of its dual use in medicine and food, and its quality evaluation is of great importance. In this study, a pseudo-targeted metabolomics approach based on scheduled multiple reaction monitoring was developed, and a total of 114 compounds with good linearity, sensitivity, and reproducibility were selected for relative quantification, and the chemical differences between Astragali Radix of different growth patterns were further compared by chemometric analysis. With the help of multivariate and univariate analysis, 26 differential compounds between wild/semi-wild Astragali Radix and cultivated Astragali Radix were determined. Then five marker compounds were screened out by lasso regression, and further verified by systematic clustering, random forest, support vector machine, and logistic regression. In addition, malonyl-substituted flavonoids showed relatively higher content in wild/semi-wild Astragali Radix. Thus, the malonyl substitution was characteristic for flavonoids in wild/semi-wild Astragali Radix. In conclusion, the application of pseudo-targeted metabolomics and various statistical methods could offer multi-dimensional information for the holistic quality evaluation of Astragali Radix.