Hydrodynamic and conformational properties of cellulose myristate molecules in solution

Cellulose myristate samples with a degree of substitution of 230–250 have been studied by the methods of molecular hydrodynamics (viscometry, analytical ultracentrifugation (flotation), and isothermal translational diffusion) in chloroform in the range M = (56–652) × 10³. The experimental evidence has been interpreted within the framework of the generalized wormlike Yamakawa-Fuji model with the following parameters: the persistence length a = 115 × 10^?8 cm, the chain diameter d = 45 × 10^?8 cm, and the molecular mass per unit chain length M _L = 270 × 10⁸ cm^?1. It has been inferred that the polymer dissolves in chloroform in the form of dimers.     

Fragmental analysis of energies of electronic transition in monosubstituted benzene derivatives. I. A single configuration approximation

Conclusions The analysis of EET in the SC-approximation that has been carried out on the example of MSB showed that the use of the FO basis instead of the AO basis gives additional information on the relationship between the energies of transitions of the chromophoric (benzene) molecule and its substituted derivatives.In the FO basis the decomposition of the EET into the fragmental and interfragmental components becomes natural. The value of the fragmental components is determined by the LN of the transition MO in the separate fragments, while that of the one-electronic energies and the coulombic and exchange integrals of the fragment (the chromophore) are approximately transferable parameters.Since the LN are dependent on the degree of mixing of the FO of the fragments the study of the relationship between the transition energies of the SC-transitions in the chromophoric molecule and the fragmental components in the substituted molecule is reduced to the study of formation the LCFO MO. Moreover, the LCFO MO makes it possible to find a relationship between the SC-transitions even when the LCAO MO of the two molecules are not commensurable. This makes it possible to carry out a classification of the SC-transitions in MSB according to the SC-transitions of benzene.We wish to express our gratitude to A. L. Gineitite for useful comments made during the preparation of the article.Institute of Biochemistry, Lithuanian Academy of Sciences. Institute of Theoretical Physics and Astronomy, Lithuanian Academy of Sciences. Translated from Zhurnal Strukturnoi Khimii, Vol. 33, No. 6, pp. 45–56, November–December, 1992.     

Two New and a Known Compound from Lawsonia inermis

A new obtusafuran derivative, lawsonicin ( 1 ), and a new naphthaquinone, lawsonadeem ( 2 ), along with a known constituent, vomifoliol ( 3 ), were isolated from the aerial parts of Lawsonia alba and characterized by chemical transformation and spectroscopic experiments, including 2D‐NMR techniques.     

Kinetics and Mechanism of Monomolecular Heterolysis of Commercial Organohalogen Compounds: XXVIII. Effect of the Nature of the Verdazyl Indicator on Salt Effects in Dehydrobromination of 3-Bromocyclohexene in Nitrobenzene

The salt effect on the rate of dehydrobromination of 3-bromocyclohexene in PhNO2 depends on the nature of the verdazyl indicator. With triphenylverdazyl and its chloro and nitro derivatives in the presence of Et₄NClO₄, a normal salt effect is observed, in the presence of bromides, a superposition of normal and special salt effects, while in the presence of chlorides, a superposition of normal and special negative salt effects. With the dimethoxy verdazyl derivative, a normal salt effect is always observed.     

An immobiline DryStrip application method enabling high-capacity two-dimensional gel electrophoresis

In the field of proteomics the need to detect low-abundance cellular components, such as regulatory proteins, is of critical importance. Two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (2-D PAGE) is one of the most commonly used separation tools for these biological investigations. In this paper we report an alternative micropreparative 2-D PAGE sample application method, called the "paper bridge loading" method. This method makes it possible to apply a larger sample volume to commercially available immobilized pH gradient (IPG) strips. The Vh products required for focusing are only marginally longer than those used in analytical experiments. The method was compared to traditional cup loading and in-gel rehydration. With 18 cm long narrow-range Immobiline DryStrip pH 4.5-5.5, the "paper bridge" method allowed the application of 10 mg human plasma proteins compared to 3 mg with traditional loading methods. The corresponding figures using Escherichia coli sample was found to be 6 mg and less than 2 mg, respectively. The paper bridge method also showed the best results in terms of spot resolution and separation of high molecular weight proteins.