Etude de l''addition des organomagnesiens satures et benzyliques aux enynes conjugues, simples et fonctionnels

Saturated and benzylic organomagnesium compounds are shown to readily undergo addition reactions with the conjugated enynes H$\text{C}\text{4}$$\text{C}\text{3}$C$\text{H}\text{2}$$\text{C}\text{1}$HCH₂R′, with R′ = alkyl, OH, OC₄H₉, NHC₂₅, N(C₂H₅)₂, by refluxing for several hours in benzene or toluene.This reaction leads to both υ-acetylenic compounds (1,2-addition) and β-allenic compounds (1,4-addition).     

High-tech breakthrough DNA scanner for reading sequence and detecting gene mutation

The 17″×14″ X-ray film, gels, and blots are widely used in DNA research. However, DNA laser scanners are costly and unaffordable for the majority of surveyed biotech scientists who need it. The high-tech breakthrough analytical personal scanner (PS) presented in this report is an inexpensive 1 lb hand-held scanner priced at 2–4% of the bulky and costly 30–95 lb conventional laser scanners. This PS scanner is affordable from an operation budget and biotechnologists, who originate most science breakthroughs, can acquire it to enhance their speed, accuracy, and productivity. Compared to conventional laser scanners that are currently available only through hard-to-get capital-equipment budgets, the new PS scanner offers improved spatial resolution of 20 μm, higher speed (scan up to 17″×14″ molecular X-ray film in 48 s), 1–32,768 gray levels (16-bits), student routines, versatility, and, most important affordability. Its programs image the film, read DNA sequences automatically, and detect gene mutation. In parallel to the wide laboratory use of PC computers instead of mainframes, this PS scanner might become an integral part of a PC-PS powerful and cost-effective system where the PS performs the digital imaging and the PC acts on the data.     

Synthesis of 1,7-bis(4′-aminophenylamido)-m-carborane and 1,7-bis(4′-aminophenylcarboxy)-m-carborane

Conclusion 1,7-Bis(4-aminophenylamido)- and l,7-bis(4-aminophenylcarboxy)-m-carboranes were prepared and characterized.Translated from Izvestiya Akademii Nauk SSSR, Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 12, pp. 2786–2787, December, 1986.     

Mechanisms of antioxidant action: The effect of thermal processing on the antioxidant activity of sulphur compounds

The nickel dithiophosphates and their corresponding disulphides are shown to be more effective uv stabilisers for LDPE than the closely related nickel xanthates and disulphides (dixanthogens). In general, the nickel complexes in both series are more effective uv stabilisers than the disulphides.Evidence is presented to show that the better performance of the dithiophosphates than the xanthates is associated with their higher solubility in the polymer. For the same reason, nickel dithiolates containing long alkyl substituents are more effective uv stabilisers than those containing shorter alkyl substituents.Thermal processing adversely affects the photo-stabilising performance of nickel dithiolates whereas the performance of the less efficient disulphides is enhanced under the same conditions. In the former case, the uv stability of the polymer is shown to be directly proportional to the amount of the nickel complex left after processing. In the case of the disulphides, on the other hand, the evidence suggests that increasing the severity of their processing increases the extent of oxidation to products which are more effective uv stabilisers than the parent disulphides.     

Lactam and acid amide acetals. 71. New synthesis of 3-nitro-6-hydroxyindole derivatives

Previously unknown 3-nitro-6-hydroxyindole derivatives were synthesized by condensation of p-benzoquinone with secondary -nitro enamines.See [1] for Communication 70.Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 1, pp. 40–45, January, 1992.