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891.
892.
We perform a comparative analysis of two mechanisms for the formation of a synthetic aperture radar (SAR) image of the ocean, which are related to orbital velocities on the surface. It is shown that the mechanism of fluctuations of the effective density of scatterers, which is commonly accepted at present as the physical basis for the SAR diagnostics of roughness, actually works only in the case of a sufficiently flat swell. In the presence of wind roughness, the dominant role is played by another mechanism, namely, fluctuations of the number of surface elements whose images are randomly shifted and superimposed in the image plane due to orbital velocities. In the case of a developed wind roughness propagated in the azimuthal direction, the power contributions of two above-mentioned mechanisms to the SAR imaging of the ocean differ by about two orders of magnitude. 相似文献
893.
Koval'chukova O. V. Kuz'mina N. E. Strashnova S. B. Palkina K. K. Mordovina N. I. Zaitsev B. E. Nikitin S. V. 《Russian Journal of Coordination Chemistry》2003,29(2):123-128
Complexes of scandium, yttrium, and lanthanum nitrates with 3-chloro-9-hydroxy-2,4-dimethylpyrido[1,2-a]pyrimidinium perchlorate (HL1ClO4) and 9-hydroxy-2,4-dimethylpyrido[1,2-a]pyrimidinium perchlorate (HL2ClO4) were obtained. Their composition was formulated as Sc(LClO4)2(NO3) and M(LClO4)2(NO3)2 (L = L1 or L2; M = Y or La); structures for the complexes obtained were proposed. The crystal and molecular structure of HL1ClO4 was determined. Dissociation and complexation of HL1ClO4 and HL2ClO4 in aqueous ethanol were studied using the spectroscopic method. Ligand dissociation and complexation constants were calculated. It was shown that a chlorine-containing organic ligand only slightly changes the composition and stability of the metal complexes. 相似文献
894.
L. S. Azhgirey V. V. Arkhipov S. V. Afanasiev V. K. Bondarev V. N. Zhmyro L. S. Zolin V. I. Ivanov A. Yu. Isupov A. A. Kartamyshev V. A. Kashirin V. I. Kolesnikov V. A. Kuznetsov V. P. Ladygin N. B. Ladygina A. G. Litvinenko S. G. Reznikov P. A. Rukoyatkin A. Yu. Semenov I. A. Semenova G. D. Stoletov G. Filipov A. N. Khrenov N. P. Yudin 《Physics of Atomic Nuclei》2003,66(4):690-699
The invariant differential cross section, the tensor analyzing power A yy , and the vector analyzing power A y for the reaction 9Be(d, p)X are measured at an initial deuteron momentum of 4.5 GeV/c and a proton detection angle of about 80 mrad. The data obtained for the differential cross section are consistent with the results of measurements at 3.5 and 5.78 GeV/c and a proton emission angle of 2.5°. The values found for the tensor analyzing power A yy are compared with similar data obtained previously for the deuteron-fragmentation process occurring on a carbon target at various values of the initial deuteron momentum and leading to proton emission at zero angle. The data on the differential cross section for the reaction 9Be(d, p)X can be satisfactorily described within the relativistic impulse approximation by using standard deuteron wave functions; however, the approach based on this conceptual framework proves to be inadequate in dealing with data on the tensor analyzing power. These results indicate that it is necessary either to change the method for describing the relativistic deuteron or to take into account additional mechanisms. 相似文献
895.
Grindstone Chemistry--a greatly evolved version of Toda’s method of grinding solids together for solvent-free chemical reactions--has been described and its usefulness illustrated by the successful application of this technique to a simplified process for conducting the multi-component Biginelli reaction for the synthesis of physiologically active tetrahydropyrimidinones. 相似文献
896.
M. Ohsaki 《Archive of Applied Mechanics (Ingenieur Archiv)》2003,73(3-4):241-251
Summary Characteristics of optimal solutions under nonlinear buckling constraints are investigated by using a bar-spring model. It is demonstrated that optimization under buckling constraints of a symmetric system often leads to a structure with hill-top branching, where a limit point and bifurcation points coincide. A general formulation is derived for imperfection sensitivity of the critical load factor corresponding to a hill-top branching point. It is shown that the critical load is not imperfection-sensitive even for the case where an asymmetric bifurcation point exists at the limit point. 相似文献
897.
E. Rebollar M. Oujja M. Castillejo S. Georgiou 《Applied Physics A: Materials Science & Processing》2004,79(4-6):1357-1360
Optical emission and laser-induced fluorescence spectroscopies (OES and LIF) are employed to examine the plume ejected into vacuum upon UV pulsed laser ablation (248 nm, 20 ns, and 266 nm, 5 ns) of poly(methyl methacrylate) PMMA films doped with photostable compounds naphthalene (NapH) and phenanthrene (PhenH), and their photolabile iodide derivatives iodonaphthalene (NapI) and iodophenanthrene (PhenI). Spontaneous emissions observed in the irradiation of NapI and PhenI sensitised films can be assigned to excited products resulting from photodissociation of the dopants and to excited C2, CH, and CN radicals. The presence in the plume of ground state products is revealed by LIF upon excitation at 266 nm. Measurements of the dependence of the spontaneous and LIF emissions on distance to the surface, ablation fluence, and flight velocities of species are discussed with reference to the mechanistic implications derived from the measurements. PACS 52.38.Mf; 61.82.Pv; 82.50 相似文献
898.
Monika Goikoetxea María J. Barandiaran José M. Asua 《Journal of polymer science. Part A, Polymer chemistry》2007,45(24):5838-5846
The mechanisms involved in the formation of n‐butanol during the synthesis of butyl acrylate containing latices were investigated. The experimental results showed that neither the hydrolysis of butyl acrylate nor of the ester bond in the butyl acrylate segments of the polymer played a major role in the formation of n‐butanol, which was mainly generated from the polymer backbone, by transfer reactions to polymer chain followed by cyclization. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 45: 5838–5846, 2007 相似文献
899.
C. Foces‐Foces M. Lpez‐Rodríguez C. Prez 《Acta Crystallographica. Section C, Structural Chemistry》2008,64(2):o95-o97
The title compound, C12H21NO3, crystallizes in two polymorphic forms, viz. the tetragonal form described here and the monoclinic form described previously [Foces‐Foces, López‐Rodríguez, Pérez, Martín & Pérez‐Hernández (2007). Cryst. Growth Des. 7 , 905–911]. The differences in the conformations of the hydroxymethyl and methylaminocarbonyl substituents have important consequences in the hydrogen‐bond interaction motifs and, therefore, in the packing arrangements. These forms are concomitant polymorphs with melting points differing by 3 K. 相似文献
900.
Gujie Qian S. Baccaro M. Falconieri Jiafang Bei A. Cecilia Guorong Chen 《Journal of Non》2008,354(40-41):4626-4629
Glasses in SiO2–ZnO–BaO system with the different ZnO/BaO ratio were studied. In some cases, BaF2 was introduced to substitute for BaO on the equal base. Photoluminescent spectra showed that ZnO in glass matrices behaved somewhat differently from ZnO crystals. Especially, the introduction of fluorine ions led to dramatic shift of UV emission band of glasses closer to that of ZnO crystals. Raman spectral analysis provided consistent results. In particular, Raman bands in the high frequency region are sensitive to effects of different ZnO/BaO or BaF2/BaO ratio on structure of glasses. 相似文献