大气激光通信系统建模及关键技术研究

对光通信系统的关键技术进行了研究分析，通过在不同天气条件下的场外测量建立出典型天气条件下的信道模型，制定了信源编码及信道编码方式及相关参量，并用MATLAB对其进行了半实物仿真，仿真结果表明，引入256-PPM信源编码及RS（255，223）信道编码对系统通信性能的提高是行之有效的．     

X射线线形的解卷分析与Bragg角的精确计算

采用解析函数模拟X射线线形, 在排除实验测试误差影响的条件下, 研究仪器宽化修正过程中各种因素如Kα双线、线形宽度和原点选取等对傅里叶系数和真实线形的影响;分析了从傅里叶系数或真实线形分离晶粒尺寸和微观应变的可靠性; 提出了无任何假设的前提下, 由实测线形的解卷计算求得精确Bragg角的方法. 关键词： X射线线形 傅里叶变换 真实线形 Bragg角     

Pregelation Behaviour of Coagulation Processes with the Constant-Reaction-Number Kernel

We propose an irreversible binary coagulation model with a constant-reaction-number kernel, in which, among all the possible binary coagulation reactions, only p reactions are permitted to take place at every time. By means of the generalized rate equation we investigate the kinetic behaviour of the system with the reaction rate kernel K（i;j） = （ij）^w （0 ≤w〈1/2）, at which an i-mer and a j-mer coagulate together to form a large one. It is found that for such a system there always exists a gelation transition at a finte time to, which is in contrast to the ordinary binary coagulation with the same rate kernel. Moreover, the pre-gelation behaviour of the cluster size distribution near the gelation point falls in a scaling regime and the typical cluster size grows as （to - t）-1/（1-2w）. On the other hand, our model can also provide some predictions for the evolution of the cluster distribution in multicomponent complex networks.     

Search for sub-eV mass solar axions by the CERN Axion Solar Telescope with 3He buffer gas

The CERN Axion Solar Telescope (CAST) has extended its search for solar axions by using (3)He as a buffer gas. At T=1.8 K this allows for larger pressure settings and hence sensitivity to higher axion masses than our previous measurements with (4)He. With about 1 h of data taking at each of 252 different pressure settings we have scanned the axion mass range 0.39 eV?m(a)?0.64 eV. From the absence of excess x rays when the magnet was pointing to the Sun we set a typical upper limit on the axion-photon coupling of g(aγ)?2.3×10(-10) GeV(-1) at 95% C.L., the exact value depending on the pressure setting. Kim-Shifman-Vainshtein-Zakharov axions are excluded at the upper end of our mass range, the first time ever for any solar axion search. In the future we will extend our search to m(a)?1.15 eV, comfortably overlapping with cosmological hot dark matter bounds.     

A reanalysis of branching fractions of charmed mesonsD 0,D + andD s +

We combine highly complementary information on branching fractions of charmed mesonsD ⁰,D ⁺ andD _s ⁺ coming from two experiments both yielding doublecharm samples. The NA 32 experiment provided exclusive branching fractions for channels with at least two charged decay products while a recent Mark III paper provides results on inclusive charm decay properties. The knowledge of channels withK ⁰'s in the former is used to recalculate the charged multiplicity distribution in the latter. We obtain 〈n _ch〉=2.25±0.08 forD ⁰, 〈n _ch〉=1.96±0.08 forD ⁺ and 〈n _ch〉=2.41±0.38 forD _s ⁺ . In turn the knowledge of the charged multiplicity improves the overall normalization of exclusive branching fractions. This reanalysis yields model-independent results for charmed mesons. In particular we obtain branching fractions for 16D _s ⁺ decay channels including $$BF(D_s^ + \to \phi \pi ^ + ) = \left( {4.4\begin{array}{*{20}c} { + 2.3} \\ { - 1.8} \\ \end{array} } \right)\% .$$ .     

Proton relaxation times in human red bone marrow by volume selective magnetic resonance spectroscopy

In hematological diseases the composition of red bone marrow shows alterations. The relaxation timesT ₁ andT ₂ of water and lipids in human hemopoietic bone marrow of 14 normal volunteers and 10 patients with acute leukemia and bone marrow carcinosis are determined using a double spin echo spectroscopy sequencein vivo. The volumes of interest (VOI) of (13 mm)³ in the center of vertebral bodies are examined using different measurement parameters. ForT ₁ measurements an inversion-recovery method is used.T ₂ is evaluated from spectra with differentTE. T ₁ (water) is found in a range between 1000 and 1700 ms,T ₁ (lipids) in a range between 260 and 320 ms in healthy volunteers.T ₂ (water) is determined between 32 and 65 ms. In some cases phase distortions of the water signals occur in the spectra. Water flow within the VOI may be a possible reason.T ₂ (lipids) is evaluated between 73 and 91 ms. The patients with acute leukemia exhibit clearly reduced lipid signals in their spectra. Lipid relaxation times could not be determined in these cases.T ₂ (water) is prolonged in acute leukemia to 51–98 ms.T ₁ (water) was not significantly different from values of healthy volunteers in our measurements. Results are discussed in comparison to relaxometric data from imaging and STEAM spectroscopic methods of other authors.     

Homogeneous ZnO Nanoparticles by Flame Spray Pyrolysis

Zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles were made by flame spray pyrolysis (FSP) of zinc acrylate–methanol–acetic acid solution. The effect of solution feed rate on particle specific surface area (SSA) and crystalline size was examined. The average primary particle diameter can be controlled from 10 to 20nm by the solution feed rate. All powders were crystalline zincite. The primary particle diameter observed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) was in agreement with the equivalent average primary particle diameter calculated from the SSA as well as with the crystalline size calculated from the X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns for all powders, indicating that the primary particles were rather uniform in diameter and single crystals. Increasing the solution feed rate increases the flame height, and therefore coalescence and/or surface growth was enhanced, resulting in larger primary particles. Compared with ZnO nanoparticles made by other processes, the FSP-made powder exhibits some of the smallest and most homogeneous primary particles. Furthermore, the FSP-made powder has comparable BET equivalent primary particle diameter with but higher crystallinity than sol–gel derived ZnO powders.