以萘酰亚胺衍生物基荧光高分子为载体和指示剂的 相分离免疫分析方法

以4-甲氧基-N-(2-N’,N’-二甲基氨基乙基-N’-烯丙基)萘二甲酰亚胺氯化铵(DMNAA)为荧光单体, 合成了一种pH敏感荧光高分子聚N-异丙基丙烯酰胺-4-甲氧基-N-(2-N’,N’-二甲基氨基乙基-N’-烯丙基)萘二甲酰亚胺氯化铵-N,N-二甲基氨丙基甲基丙烯酰胺[P(NIP-DMAPM-DMNAA)]. 采用共聚法将日本血吸虫抗原(SjAg)固定在P(NIP-DMAPM-DMNAA)上, 制备P(NIP-DMAPM-DMNAA)-SjAg连接物, 与日本血吸虫抗体(待测, SjAb)发生免疫反应后, 调节pH值, 使荧光高分子相变分离高分子-免疫组分连接物, 最后, 利用蛋白A对抗体的亲和性捕获P(NIP-DMAPM-DMNAA)-SjAg-SjAb, 通过测定高分子自身的荧光信号来定量 SjAb. 该新型高分子具有良好的荧光特性, 对pH响应快速, 37 ℃下相转变pH值为7.2, 分离免疫复合物时造成的损害低. 与传统相分离免疫分析比较, 新方法通过高分子相变分离和蛋白A捕获双重分离作用, 消除了非特异性组分和未反应的特异性免疫成分等的干扰; 利用高分子自身的荧光信号检测, 无须另外的标记物, 大大提高了免疫分析的简便性. 以日本血吸虫抗体为分析对象, 测得线性范围为1～1500 ng/mL, 抗体检出限为1.3 ng/mL, 相对标准偏差为3.6% (n＝10), 结果令人满意.     

卟啉类光敏剂在光动力治疗中的应用研究

作为光动力疗法中至关重要的决定性因素,光敏剂的研究受到越来越多的重视.重点综述了多种新型卟啉类化合物、酞菁类化合物和二氢卟吩类化合物的合成及其在光动力治疗中的应用研究.     

Separation and purification of isoflavones from Pueraria lobata by high-speed counter-current chromatography.

High-speed counter-current chromatography (HSCCC) was applied to the semipreparative separation and purification of puerarin and related isoflavones from a crude extract of Pueraria lobata. Analytical HSCCC was used for the preliminary selection of a suitable solvent system composed of ethyl acetate-n-butanol-water (2:1:3, v/v/v). Using the above solvent system the preparative HSCCC was successfully performed yielding six relatively pure isoflavones including puerarin from 80 mg of the crude extract in one-step separation.     

Cytosolic escape of mitochondrial DNA triggers cGAS-STING-NLRP3 axis-dependent nucleus pulposus cell pyroptosis

Low back pain (LBP) is a major musculoskeletal disorder and the socioeconomic problem with a high prevalence that mainly involves intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration, characterized by progressive nucleus pulposus (NP) cell death and the development of an inflammatory microenvironment in NP tissue. Excessively accumulated cytosolic DNA acts as a damage-associated molecular pattern (DAMP) that is monitored by the cGAS-STING axis to trigger the immune response in many degenerative diseases. NLRP3 inflammasome-dependent pyroptosis is a type of inflammatory programmed death that promotes a chronic inflammatory response and tissue degeneration. However, the relationship between the cGAS-STING axis and NLRP3 inflammasome-induced pyroptosis in the pathogenesis of IVD degeneration remains unclear. Here, we used magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and histopathology to demonstrate that cGAS, STING, and NLRP3 are associated with the degree of IVD degeneration. Oxidative stress induced cGAS-STING axis activation and NLRP3 inflammasome-mediated pyroptosis in a STING-dependent manner in human NP cells. Interestingly, the canonical morphological and functional characteristics of mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP) opening with the cytosolic escape of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) were observed in human NP cells under oxidative stress. Furthermore, the administration of a specific pharmacological inhibitor of mPTP and self-mtDNA cytosolic leakage effectively reduced NLRP3 inflammasome-mediated pyroptotic NP cell death and microenvironmental inflammation in vitro and degenerative progression in a rat disc needle puncture model. Collectively, these data highlight the critical roles of the cGAS-STING-NLRP3 axis and pyroptosis in the progression of IVD degeneration and provide promising therapeutic approaches for discogenic LBP.Subject terms: Cell death, Diseases     

基于彩色结构光的自由曲面三维重建方法

彩色结构光三维重建过程中,系统的非线性耦合以及待测曲面的拓扑结构等均会对结构光解码产生影响,从而导致调制条纹漏检和颜色码误识别.为解决这一问题,提出一种基于彩色编码结构光的三维重建方法.利用YUV颜色通道对调制条纹进行滤波差分投影处理,通过调制条纹的波形分布提取中心特征线;利用颜色聚类方法精确获取调制条纹的颜色码信息值...     

Experimental and Numerical Investigation on Strain Rate-Dependent Tensile Behavior of ZrB2–SiC Ceramic Composite

In this study,the strain rate-dependent dynamic tensile behavior of ZrB2-20%SiC ceramic composite was investigated using experimental and numerical approaches.The split Hopkinson pressure bar apparatus was used to measure the dynamic splitting tensile response at strain rates of 17-67 s^?1.The experiment results demonstrate a significant strain rate dependence of the dynamic tensile behavior of the ZrB2-SiC ceramic composite.The dynamic tensile strength increased linearly with the strain rate,from 288 MPa at 17 s^?1to 654 MPa at 67 s^?1.Moreover,a strain rate-dependent tensile strength was introduced into a modified JH-2 model to describe the dynamic tensile behavior and fracture process of ZrB2-SiC ceramics.The numerical results of dynamic tensile strength agree well with the experimental result.Moreover,the fracture process of ZrB2-SiC ceramics under dynamic tension was further studied by combining high-speed images and numerical results.The effect of strain rate on the fracture process and failure patterns of the ZrB2-SiC ceramic composite could be verified by the modified JH-2 model.     

Interactions between Human Serum Albumin and Sulfadimethoxine Determined Using Spectroscopy and Molecular Docking

Sulfonamides are widely used antibiotics in agricultural production. However, the potential threat of these drugs to human health has increased global concern. Human serum albumin (HSA) is the main reservoir and transporter of exogenous small molecules in humans. In this study, the interaction between sulfadimethoxine (SMT) and human serum albumin (HSA) was studied using spectroscopy and computer simulation. Our results showed that the hydrogen bonding and van der Waals forces drove SMT to enter the binding site I of HSA spontaneously and resulted in the fluorescence quenching of HSA. The stability of the HSA–SMT complex decreased with an increase in temperature. The binding of SMT to HSA induced alterations in the secondary structure of HSA, where the content of α-helix decreased from 61.0% of the free state to 59.0% of the compound state. The π–π, π–σ, and π–alkyl interactions between HSA and SMT were found to play important roles in maintaining the stability of the complex.     

Y掺杂空位石墨烯对NO及CO气体表面吸附的第一性原理研究

摘　要：基于第一性原理的计算方法,建立了本征石墨烯、空位石墨烯及钇( Y)掺杂空位石墨烯模型,并计算了CO、NO在三类石墨烯表面的吸附过程. 从表面能、吸附结构、吸附能和态密度四个方面进行分析讨论,研究掺杂Y对CO、NO气体吸附性能的影响. 结果表明：CO、NO与本征石墨烯之间的吸附为弱的物理吸附,掺杂Y后增强了材料表面对CO、NO的吸附效果,最大吸附能分别为7.414eV、6.702eV,属于化学吸附;掺杂Y使空位石墨烯费米能级附近有了更多的活跃电子,其吸附NO后体系由半金属转变为金属特性,该特性能为开发更加优良的石墨烯气敏材料提供理论支持.     

页岩矿物不同润湿性表征与吸附微观机理

无机矿物作为页岩气吸附的重要载体,其表面性质对甲烷吸附能力有着重要影响,而润湿性作为固体重要表面性质之一,对矿物气体吸附能力的影响不可忽视.文章以蒙脱石和石英作为研究对象,通过对矿物表面甲基化(-CH₃)和羟基化(-OH)处理来改变其润湿性,以探究无机矿物表面润湿性对甲烷吸附能力的影响.采用分子动力学方法研究矿物体系的润湿性,用接触角对润湿性进行定量表征,并构建纳米狭缝,结合巨正则蒙特卡罗方法模拟润湿性改变前后,CH₄在矿物中的吸附变化.研究结果表明,水滴在羟基化矿物表面迅速破裂并铺展在矿物表面,而在甲基化表面铺展程度较小,普遍呈半球形.羟基化蒙脱石和石英表面的润湿接触角分别为12.7°和26.5°,均小于其甲基化表面接触角62.5°和85.7°.甲基化矿物甲烷吸附量均高于其羟基化,气体几乎大都以吸附状态位于孔隙壁面,随着矿物亲水性的减弱,其对甲烷吸附能力增强.     

单原子Al修饰空位缺陷V2C（MXene）对H2气体表面吸附的第一性原理研究

基于第一性原理计算方法,对含空位缺陷的V₂C(MXene)在不同位点修饰单原子Al的相关性能进行系统研究.研究表明,几何优化后得到含空位缺陷的V₂C稳定结构表面能为-3075.53 J/m²,单原子Al修饰本征V₂C单原子的吸附能为1.5511eV、单原子Al修饰空位缺陷V₂C的吸附能为-2.0763 eV,这表明含空位缺陷的V₂C,由于单原子Al的修饰可以明显改善晶体结构稳定性.进一步从态密度、分波态密度、吸氢能力研究发现,各体系态密度和分波态密度均出现分波越过费米能级的现象,表现出较强的金属性;V₂C吸附H₂气体分子吸附能为-7.5867 eV,而空位缺陷V₂C和单原子Al修饰空位缺陷V₂C两个体系对H₂气体分子的吸附能仅为-0.9851 eV、-2.7130 eV,均未能进一步改善V₂C对H₂气体分...