全文获取类型
收费全文 | 3462篇 |
免费 | 129篇 |
国内免费 | 16篇 |
专业分类
化学 | 2209篇 |
晶体学 | 13篇 |
力学 | 140篇 |
数学 | 636篇 |
物理学 | 609篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 32篇 |
2022年 | 87篇 |
2021年 | 129篇 |
2020年 | 81篇 |
2019年 | 95篇 |
2018年 | 73篇 |
2017年 | 55篇 |
2016年 | 124篇 |
2015年 | 114篇 |
2014年 | 133篇 |
2013年 | 215篇 |
2012年 | 254篇 |
2011年 | 285篇 |
2010年 | 159篇 |
2009年 | 127篇 |
2008年 | 225篇 |
2007年 | 205篇 |
2006年 | 188篇 |
2005年 | 184篇 |
2004年 | 131篇 |
2003年 | 123篇 |
2002年 | 115篇 |
2001年 | 48篇 |
2000年 | 40篇 |
1999年 | 32篇 |
1998年 | 18篇 |
1997年 | 37篇 |
1996年 | 24篇 |
1995年 | 20篇 |
1994年 | 24篇 |
1993年 | 22篇 |
1992年 | 14篇 |
1991年 | 11篇 |
1990年 | 16篇 |
1989年 | 13篇 |
1988年 | 7篇 |
1987年 | 5篇 |
1986年 | 8篇 |
1985年 | 10篇 |
1984年 | 17篇 |
1983年 | 12篇 |
1982年 | 6篇 |
1981年 | 11篇 |
1980年 | 7篇 |
1979年 | 10篇 |
1978年 | 11篇 |
1977年 | 6篇 |
1976年 | 7篇 |
1974年 | 8篇 |
1972年 | 4篇 |
排序方式: 共有3607条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
51.
Keith B. Oldham Terence J. Cardwell Jose H. Santos Alan M. Bond 《Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry》1997,430(1-2)
Voltammetric studies in solutions of high resistivity are facilitated by the use of microelectrodes under steady-state conditions. Such solutions are encountered with solvents of low permittivity because of the very sparing solubility of electrolytes. Moreover, in such media the supporting electrolyte, as well as the electroactive ionic species, is usually extensively ion paired. Here we predict the limiting current that will flow in these circumstances, when a monovalent ion undergoes a one-electron transfer at a hemispherical microelectrode to form a neutral product. The ion pairing equilibria are assumed to be fast but all diffusion coefficients are treated as distinct. An analytical solution is elusive in the general case, but a simple numerical procedure allows the limiting current to be predicted for any combination of the system parameters. Several special cases are also discussed, some of which yield explicit formulae for the limiting current. In a companion paper, experimental data are compared with the theoretical predictions. 相似文献
52.
Alvarez-Bercedo P Bond AD Haigh R Hopkins AD Lawson GT McPartlin M Moncrieff D Mosquera ME Rawson JM Woods AD Wright DS 《Chemical communications (Cambridge, England)》2003,(11):1288-1289
The reaction of CyPHNa with Sn(NMe2)2 in the presence of PMDETA (= (Me2NCH2CH2)2NMe) gives the title compound [(Sn(mu-PCy))3(Na x PMDETA)2] (1), containing an electron-deficient [(Sn(mu-PCy))]3(2-) dianion with a novel two-electron, three centre (2e-3c) bonding arrangement. 相似文献
53.
Silvio Aime Mauro Botta Giancarlo Cravotto Luca Frullano GiovanniB. Giovenzana Simonetta GeninattiCrich Giovanni Palmisano Massimo Sisti 《Helvetica chimica acta》2005,88(3):588-603
Four new ligands for lanthanide ions based on the H3do3a (=1,4,7,10‐tetraazacyclododecane‐1,4,7‐triacetic acid) structure and bearing one N‐sulfonylacetamide arm were synthesized, i.e., H4dota‐NHSO2R=10‐{2‐[(R)sulfonylamino]‐2‐oxoethyl}‐1,4,7,10‐tetraazacyclododecane‐1,4,7‐triacetic acids 1a – e . A 15N‐NMR study of the 15N‐labelled Eu3+ complex of one such ligands, 1d , showed that the coordination of the N‐sulfonylacetamide arm involves the carbonyl O‐atom rather than the N‐atom. The relaxometric properties of the corresponding Gd3+ complexes were investigated as a function of pH and temperature. These complexes have relaxivities in the range 4.5–5.3 mM ?1 s?1, at 20 MHz and 25°, and are characterized by a single H2O molecule in their inner coordination sphere. The mean residence lifetime of this molecule is relatively long (500–700 ns) compared to other anionic complexes. The slow rate of H2O exchange can be justified by the extensive delocalization of the negative charge on the N‐sulfonylacetamide arm. The long residence time of the coordinated H2O allowed the observation of the effect of the prototropic exchange on the relaxivity. The study of the interaction between the complex [Gd( 1e )]‐ and HSA revealed a weak affinity constant highlighting the importance of a localized negative charge on the complex to promote a strong interaction with the protein. 相似文献
54.
A novel solid-state NMR concept is introduced that allows for the detection of through-space proton-proton contacts in high spectral resolution. The proposed method not only can be utilized to infer sequential assignments and backbone or side chain conformation in solid-phase polypeptides, but it also provides information about the three-dimensional arrangement of the molecule of interest. As a result, the molecular structure can be studied without additional restrictions regarding sample labeling or magic angle spinning rates. 相似文献
55.
The performance of short drop-time a.c. polarography has been examined in detail, and found to be better than that for natural drop-times in almost every respect. Uncompensated resistance terms are smaller and potentiostat stability is improved. In addition, faster potential scanrates and more rapid data acquisition are possible. A variation of the drop-time over at least three orders of magnitude is possible and this, coupled with excellent instrumental performance, should offer considerable scope in studies of electrode kinetics. 相似文献
56.
Simeoni M De Luca C Picozzi S Santucci S Delley B 《The Journal of chemical physics》2005,122(21):214710
Density-functional all-electrons calculations within local-density approximation show that the two isoelectronic polymers poly(para-phenylene) and poly(para-borazylene) weakly interact with zigzag single-walled carbon nanotubes. The analysis of the electronic properties of the joint systems, both with the polymer inside and outside the nanotubes, reveals a physisorption process with small changes in band structures and densities of states with respect to the constituents. We evaluate the potential barrier arising between polymers and nanotubes. Finally, we remark a generic selectivity of poly(para-phenylene) with respect to the electronic behavior of nanotubes, leading to a change in the density of states of metallic tubules. 相似文献
57.
The high-pressure behavior of Li2CO3 is studied up to 25 GPa with synchrotron angle-dispersive powder X-ray diffraction in diamond anvil cells and synthesis using a multi-anvil apparatus. A new non-quenchable hexagonal polymorph (P63/mcm, Z=2) occurs above 10 GPa with carbonate groups in a staggered configuration along the c-axis—a=4.4568(2) Å and c=5.1254(6) Å at 10 GPa. Two columns of face-shared distorted octahedra around the Li atoms are linked through octahedral edges. The oxygen atoms are coordinated to one carbon atom and four lithium atoms to form a distorted square pyramid. Splittings of X-ray reflections for the new polymorph observed above about 22 GPa under non-hydrostatic conditions arise from orthorhombic or monoclinic distortions of the hexagonal lattice. The results of this study are discussed in relation to the structural features found in other Me2CO3 carbonates (Me: Na, K, Rb, Cs) at atmospheric conditions. 相似文献
58.
Dalla Cort A Mandolini L Palmieri G Pasquini C Schiaffino L 《Chemical communications (Cambridge, England)》2003,(17):2178-2179
In complexes with the uranyl dication salophen ligands are highly puckered. This implies that non-symmetrically substituted uranyl-salophen derivatives exist in principle as a pair of enantiomers. However, due to easy disrotations about the bonds connecting the phenoxide units to the imine carbons, the rate of interconversion between enantiomeric forms of simple, sterically unhindered compounds is extremely fast. Bulky substituents in appropriate positions decrease the interconversion rate and make this novel type of inherent chirality detectable by 1H and 13C NMR. 相似文献
59.
Alan M Bond Enrico Mocellin Cherrie B Pascual Panit Wedkanjana Grard Jaouen Siden Top 《应用有机金属化学》1990,4(5):557-568
Electrochemical oxidation of α- and β-diastereomers of a range of steroid hormone receptor marker chromium tricarbonyl complexes, (steroid)Cr(CO)3, have been examined at platinum electrodes in dichloromethane. Data confirm the general nature of previously published conclusions on the oxidation of (arene)Cr(CO)3 complexes (arene = benzene or steroid). That is, with 0.1 M Bu4NPF6 as the electrolyte, and in the absence of nucleophiles, a reversible oneelectron process, (steroid)Cr(CO)3 ? [(steroid)Cr(CO)3]+ + e?, is observed, followed by an irreversible one-electron process at considerably more positive potentials. The reversible half-wave potentials (approximately E°-values) calculated for the [(steroid)Cr(CO)3]+/(steroid)Cr(CO)3 redox couple are shown to be dependent on whether the α- or β-diastereomer is oxidized. Similarly the rate of nucleophilic attack on the 17-electron cation [(steroid)Cr(CO)3]+ by nucleophiles such as ClO, PPh3 and bis(diphenylphosphine)methane confirms a previous observation that the stereochemistry of this class of compound is important with respect to redox, kinetic and hormone receptor properties. The nature of the electrochemical data obtained on the (arene)Cr(CO)3 complexes in the presence of nucleophiles suggests that reactions associated with the nucleophilic attack on the 17-electron cations are complex and that a range of reaction pathways occur simultaneously. Electrochemical studies on the oxidation of (benzene)Cr(CO)2PPh3 and (oestradiol)Cr(CO)2PPh3 confirm some aspects of the proposed mechanisms, although it is clear that a great deal still has to be learned concerning mechanistic aspects of nucleophilic attack on these 17-electron complexes. 相似文献
60.
Luca Simonotti Carmine Pasqualucci Giorgio Pifferi 《Journal of heterocyclic chemistry》1984,21(2):595-597
The mass spectra of a series of N- and O-substituted 2-morpholinols were considered and the complex fragmentation pattern explained on the basis of evidences reported in the literature and of experimental data (high resolution, metastable ions). The primary fragmentations are given by inductive cleavage due to the heteroatoms, while ring contractions, through retro Diels-Alder reactions, form most of the secondary pattern with different ions related to N- and O-substituents. Moreover, hemiacetals in the tautomeric hydroxyaldehyde form undergo an α-cleavage. 相似文献