Compatible and tearing properties of poly(lactic acid)/poly(ethylene glutaric‐co‐terephthalate) copolyester blends

Fourier transform infrared and nuclear magnetic resonance results suggest that the carboxylic acid groups of poly(lactic acid) (PLA) molecules react with the hydroxyl groups of FePol (FP) molecules during the melt‐blending of PLA_xFP_y specimens. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) experiments of PLA and PLA/FP specimens suggest that only small amounts of poor PLA and/or FP crystals are present in their corresponding melt crystallized specimens. In fact, the percentage crystallinity, peak melting temperature, and onset re‐crystallization temperature values of PLA/FP specimens reduce gradually as their FP contents increase. However, the glass transition temperatures of PLA molecules found by DSC and DMA reduce to a minimum value as the FP contents of PLA_xFP_y specimens reach 6 wt %. Further DMA and morphological analysis of PLA/FP specimens reveal that FP molecules are compatible with PLA molecules at FP contents equal to or less than 6 wt %, as no distinguished phase‐separated FP droplets and tan δ transitions were found on fracture surfaces and tan δ curves of PLA/FP specimens, respectively. In contrast to PLA, the FP specimen exhibits highly deformable and tearing properties. After blending proper amounts of FP in PLA, the inherent brittle deformation and poor tearing behavior of PLA were successfully improved. Possible reasons accounting for these interesting crystallization, compatible and tearing properties of PLA/FP specimens are proposed. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys 48: 913–920, 2010     

Cyclin A-Cdk2 Phosphorylates BH3 only Protein Bad in vitro and in vivo

Increasing evidence suggests that Cyclin A-Cdk2 activity is required in the apoptosis process induced by various stimuli. To determine a specific substrate of Cyclin A-Cdk2 for apoptosis, in this study, we carried out anin vitro kinase assay using immunoprecipitated complex Cyclin A-Cdk2 as an enzyme source, and recombinant protein GST-Bad as a substrate. Our study showed that Bad was clearly phosphorylated by Cyclin A-Cdk2 in vitro. To examine whether protein Bad can also be phosphorylated by Cyclin A-Cdk2 kinase in vivo, we transiently overexpressed protein Bad with Cyclin A or Cdk2-dn, a dominant negative version of Cdk2, in Hela cells and determined the phosphorylation status of protein Bad. The test showed that protein Bad was clearly phosphorylated in Cyclin A overexpressed cells,but not in Cdk2-dn or mock transfectent. Moreover, etoposide also caused the phosphorylation of endogenetic Bad. In conclusion, here we provide first time evidence that protein Bad can be a substrate of Cyclin A-Cdk2 apoptosis for in vitro and in vivo.     

一般状态空间跳过程不变测度的存在性和唯一性

本文利用一般状态空间马氏链关于不变测度的有关结果和跳过程的性质，研究了一般状态空间跳过程不变测度的存在性和唯一性。     

Stochastic global optimization methods part II: Multi level methods

In Part II of our paper, two stochastic methods for global optimization are described that, with probability 1, find all relevant local minima of the objective function with the smallest possible number of local searches. The computational performance of these methods is examined both analytically and empirically.     

On the relation between complexity and uncertainty

In practical problem situations data are usually inherently unreliable. A mathematical representation of uncertainty leads to stochastic optimization problems. In this paper the complexity of stochastic combinatorial optimization problems is discussed. Surprisingly, certain stochastic versions of NP-hard determinstic combinatorial problems appear to be solvable in polynomial time.     

Reliability bounds for NBUE and NWUE distributions

In [5], many inequalities for NBUE and NWUE life distributions are given. But, since there are some basic observations which do not hold (see Section 1 for details), many results obtained in [5] are not true. In this note we propose some remedies and give some new results.The proect supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China.     

通气法控制超空泡流动的实验研究

在高速水洞中运用人工通气方法进行了航行体模型超空泡形态特性的系列实验研究.获得了不同通气流量、不同空化数和不同弗鲁德数下的空泡形态,建立了以弗鲁德数为参数的空泡几何特征参数与空化数的对应关系、空化数与通气流量系数之间的对应关系.验证了空化数是决定空泡尺度的主要无因次参数,通过改变通气流量可以有效地调控空化数,进而达到控制空泡形态的目的.文中同时给出了通气流量系数的实验曲线拟合公式,并与国外的相关实验和公式进行了比较,两者基本一致.所得结论对进一步的水下超高速航行体空泡形态控制技术研究具有参考价值.     

导电聚合物热电材料研究进展

导电聚合物在室温下具有较高的电导率(σ)、较低的热导率(κ)、柔韧性好、易于合成、原料来源丰富、对环境无污染等优势,是目前最具有热电应用潜力的有机热电材料之一。然而,目前针对导电聚合物作为有机热电材料的相关研究依然处于初级阶段,其在空气气氛中的化学稳定性问题、低的热电优值及尚未完全明确的热电机制一直困扰着研究人员。本文主要针对以上问题,在对前人的研究成果进行综述的基础上对目前有机热电材料所面临的关键问题进行阐述和总结。