The thermodynamics of aqueous borate solutions. II. Mixtures of boric acid with calcium or magnesium borate and chloride

Potentials for the cell without liquid juction

Carbon disulfide binding at dinuclear and mononuclear nickel complexes ligated by a redox-active ligand: iminopyridine serving as an accumulator of redox equivalents for the activation of heteroallenes

The dinuclear complex Ni(2)L(1)(η(2)-CS(2))(2) (), featuring iminopyridine ligation, is prepared by COD substitution from Ni(2)L(1)(COD)(2) (). Spectroscopic, structural, and theoretical data reveals significant activation of the metal-bound C-S bonds, as well as the different oxidation states of the iminopyridine in (1-) and (0).     

A Note on Dual-Curve Construction: Mr. Crab’s Bootstrap

The first three factors resulting from a principal components analysis of term structure data are, in the literature, typically interpreted as driving the level, slope and curvature of the term structure. Using slight generalizations of theorems from total positivity, we present sufficient conditions under which level, slope and curvature are present. These conditions have the nice interpretation of restricting the level, slope and curvature of the correlation surface. It is proven that the Schoenmakers–Coffey correlation matrix also brings along such factors. Finally, we formulate and corroborate a conjecture that the order present in correlation matrices cause slope.     

An a priori error estimate for the finite element modelling of electromagnetic waves interacting with a periodic diffraction grating

An a priori error estimate using a so called α,β‐ periodic transformation to study electromagnetic waves in a periodic diffraction grating is derived. It has been reported for single scattering that there is an instability in numerical methods for high wavenumbers. To address this problem, the analytical solution of the scattering problem when the domain is scatterer free and an unknown function called the α,β‐quasi periodic solution are used to transform the associated Helmholtz problem. The well‐posedness of the resulting continuous problem is analysed before approximating its solution using a finite element discretization. To guarantee the uniqueness of this approximate solution, an a priori error estimate is derived. Finally, numerical results are presented that suggest that the α,β‐quasi periodic method converges at a far lower number of degrees of freedom than the α,0‐quasi periodic method reported previously; especially for high wavenumbers. This is particularly true when the incident wave only undergoes a small perturbation because of the presence of the scatterer. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Experimental confirmation of the predicted shallow donor hydrogen state in zinc oxide

We confirm the recent prediction that interstitial protium may act as a shallow donor in zinc oxide, by direct spectroscopic observation of its muonium counterpart. On implantation into ZnO, positive muons--chemically analogous to protons in this context--form paramagnetic centers below about 40 K. The muon-electron contact hyperfine interaction, as well as the temperature and activation energy for ionization, imply a shallow level. Similar results for the cadmium chalcogenides suggest that such shallow donor states are generic to the II-VI compounds. The donor level depths should serve as a guide for the electrical activity of interstitial hydrogen.     

Redshift formulae for de-Sitter type metrics

Red-shift formulae are obtained for the three Robertson-Walker solutions ofR _μv =Ag _μv by methods based on the geometry of a hyperquadric in five-space. The possibility that the solutions may have validity for the real universe is justified by an appeal to Hoyle-Narlikar theory.