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101.
应用光纤布喇格光栅传感器监测地下管道腐蚀的新方法研究 总被引:2,自引:3,他引:2
地下管线工作环境恶劣,腐蚀是引起它破坏和失效的主要原因之一.本文提出了一种应用光纤光栅传感器监测管道腐蚀的新方法.输送石油和天然气等一些物质的管道内部存在的压力会使管道发生膨胀,进而导致管道外壁产生环向变形.假定管道为无限长,管道内部压力导致的管道外壁轴向应变可忽略不计,当管线发生腐蚀时,会导致管壁变薄,管道内部的压力又可以看作基本不变,这样就会增大管道外壁的环向应变.当管道内部压力保持恒定时,管道壁厚与应变之间存在一定的反比例关系,本文方法就是将封装好的光纤光栅传感器粘贴在管道外壁,通过监测外壁环向变形来判断管道腐蚀的情况和程度.通过理论值、模拟值和试验值三者的对比分析来说明了这种新方法是可行的,并且值得被广泛应用,为埋地管道的防灾减灾提供了一种对策. 相似文献
102.
Power dissipation characteristics of great power and super high speed semiconductor switch 下载免费PDF全文
The power dissipation characteristics of pulsed power switch reversely switched dynistors (RSDs) are investigated in this paper. According to the expressions of voltage on RSD, derived from the plasma bipolar drift model and the RLC circuit equations of RSD main loop, the simulation waveforms of current and voltage on RSD are acquired through iterative calculation by using the fourth order Runge-Kutta method, then the curve of transient power on RSD versus time is obtained. The result shows that the total dissipation on RSD is trivial compared with the pulse discharge energy and the commutation dissipation can be nearly ignored compared with the quasi-static dissipation. These characteristics can make the repetitive frequency of RSD increase largely. The experimental results prove the validity of simulation calculations. The influence factors on power dissipation are discussed. The power dissipation increases with the increase of the peak current and the n-base width and with the decrease of n-base doping concentration. In order to keep a low power dissipation, it is suggested that the n-base width should be smaller than 320μm when doping concentration is 1.0×10^14cm^-3 while the doping concentration should be higher than 5.8×10^13cm^-3 when n-base width is 270μm. 相似文献
103.
Abstract Optical patterns for the polarizing microscope textures of closed cylinders of liquid crystals (CCLCs) are studied by the Jones vector formulation. The simulated director configuration diagram of a CCLC with normal orientation at the walls contains four kinds of stable director configurations. The resulting texture under some approximations depends only on phase shifts. The patterns are characterized by dark brushes that coincide with the directions of the crossed polarizers. Additionally, there are concentric circle fringes. For the ring defect structure, the centre region of the cylinder exhibits a black extinction. However, this is not distinguishable as between the hyperbolic and radial structures for both the point and the ring defect patterns. Comparing the observed patterns with the simulated ones, we find that the dark cross brushes and the centre black extinction of simulated patterns are similar to those that are observed. However, the concentric circle fringes of the observed pattern are not in accordance with the simulated pattern. 相似文献
104.
Many authors have suggested new forms to describe the surface anchoring energy of the liquid crystal-wall interface, replacing the Rapini-Papoular (RP) formula g s = (1/2) A sin2 theta. If the RP function is considered as the primary approximation, and a lowest order modification is included, then the surface anchoring energy can be represented by g s = (1/2) A sin2 theta(1 + zeta sin2 theta). zeta characterizes the modification to the RP formula and varies for the different energy forms. It is well known that the RP formula predicts a second order Freedericksz transition. This paper points out that the transition can be first order if the modification is taken into account, in which case at the threshold point the tilt angle of the director at the middle layer of the cell, thetam, is finite. The conditions for the existence of the first order transition are obtained; zeta < 0 is required for a first order transition. The approximate expression of the threshold field is also given. 相似文献
105.
Nonaqueous rechargeable lithium-air battery has so high specific capacity and specific energy that it is being widely researched by academia, corporation, and different research institutes. When used in dried air and absorbing oxygen form the air, this battery is called lithium-air battery, and its specific capacity based on cathode active material (oxygen) is infinite. However, its cycle performance is very limited as reported by the state-of-the-art researches. This cycle problem is mainly caused by instability of electrolyte. Based on electroanalysis of materials’ electrochemical property, a stable electrolyte solvent (sulfolane) and a lithium salt LiBF4 are selected as electrolytes in this work. Coupled with other eligible battery materials and careful assembly, the lithium-air battery exhibits favorable cycle performance. Above all, this lithium-air system is evaluated objectively in this paper. 相似文献
106.
107.
采用数值模拟方法,研究了高度和宽度比为1∶10的狭长矩形腔内的水平自然热对流. 根据对瑞利数(Rayleigh数)Ra在104 <Ra<1011内情形的计算结果,将流动分为三个不同的区间:线性区、连续过渡区、1/5次幂律区. 虽然流量和努塞尔数(Nusselt数)Nu随瑞利数的变化都包括了三个参数演化区间,但从一个区间到另外一个参数区间的转变时并不是同步的,其中努塞尔数的转变总是超前流量的转变. 对比前人的研究发现,流量1/3次幂律的结果是由于瑞利数不够高所致. 此外,模拟结果也表明Siggers等的理论分析过高估计了热通量强度,实际的温度边界层内努塞尔数和瑞利数为1/5次幂律关系. 相似文献
108.
Edison Liang 《High Energy Density Physics》2013,9(3):425-427
Ultra-intense laser irradiating high-Z solid targets has become a new, powerful and efficient tool to create electron–positron pairs and intense gamma-ray beams. This paper reviews the recent developments in this field, both in theory and experiments. We will also discuss potential astrophysical applications of such laboratory experiments using ultra-intense lasers. 相似文献
109.
Ying Liang Delong Liu Hou Chen 《Journal of polymer science. Part A, Polymer chemistry》2013,51(9):1963-1968
Well‐defined high oil‐absorption resin was successfully prepared via living radical polymerization on surface of polystyrene resin‐supported N‐chlorosulfonamide group utilizing methyl methacrylate and butyl methacrylate as monomers, ferric trichloride/iminodiacetic acid (FeCl3/IDA) as catalyst system, pentaerythritol tetraacrylate as crosslinker, and L ‐ascorbic acid as reducing agent. The polymerization proceeded in a “living” polymerization manner as indicated by linearity kinetic plot of the polymerization. Effects of crosslinker, catalyst, macroinitiator, reducing agent on polymerization and absorption property were discussed in detail. The chemical structure of sorbent was determined by FTIR spectrometry. The oil‐absorption resin shows a toluene absorption capacity of 21 g g?1. The adsorption of oil behaves as pseudo‐first‐order kinetic model rather than pseudo‐second‐order kinetic model. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem, 2013 相似文献
110.
Based on the Routh-Hurwitz criterion, this paper investigates the stability of a new chaotic system. State feedback controllers are designed to control the chaotic system to the unsteady equilibrium points and limit cycle. Theoretical analyses give the range of value of control parameters to stabilize the unsteady equilibrium points of the chaotic system and its critical parameter for generating Hopf bifurcation. Certain nP periodic orbits can be stabilized by parameter adjustment. Numerical simulations indicate that the method can effectively guide the system trajectories to unsteady equilibrium points and periodic orbits. 相似文献