Self-supported metal sulphide nanocrystals-assembled nanosheets on carbon paper as efficient counter electrodes for quantum-dot-sensitized solar cells

Developing efficient counter electrodes (CEs) and quantum dots made of earth-abundant and non-toxic elements is essential but still challenging for quantum dot-sensitized solar cells (QDSSCs). Here, we report a facile strategy to prepare self-supported and robust CoS₂ and NiS nanocrystals-assembled nanosheets directly grown on carbon paper (MSx NS@CP) as efficient counter electrodes for QDSSCs. Such CEs integrate the merits of fast electron transfer from interconnected conductive scaffold, efficient mass transfer from hierarchically vertical nanosheet on 3D open substrate, as well as abundant highly active catalytic sites from metal sulphide nanocrystal units. As a result, QDDSCs based on such CoS₂ NS@CP and NiS NS@CP CEs achieve a PCE of 8.88% and 7.53%, respectively. The detailed analyses suggest that CoS₂ NS@CP has the highest catalytic activity and shows the lowest charger transfer resistance, leading to the highest PCE. These findings may inspire the design and exploration of other self-supported efficient CEs by integrating highly active catalysts onto 3D conductive networks for efficient QDSSCs.     

水分子团簇结构的改变及其生物效应

概述了近30年来从水分子团簇结构的发现到水分子簇的稳定结构及相关理论计算的研究进展;总结了改变水分子团簇结构的四种方法．包括外加磁场、外加电场、激光辐射以及直接加热法．分别讨论了这四种方法的作用机理;最后简要介绍了改变水分子团簇结构所诱发的生物效应,并对该领域的研究前景作了展望。     

Gap Space Optimization for NO Removal in a Non‐thermal Plasma Discharge

Given the operational constraints of aerospace ground equipments (AGE), the nonthermal plasma discharge (NTPD) has been identified as a promising technology for their NO_x removal. As part of a program to optimize an NTPD system for this particular application, an investigation of the effect of discharge gap spacing on the electrical and chemical processes that occur in NTPDs was initiated. A number of experiments were performed to examine how the gap spacing affects the NO removal efficiency, discharge characteristics, and chemical reactions in a NTPD device. Gap spacings ranging from 0.8 to 4.0 mm were investigated in this study. An optimum gap spacing for NO removal was observed at approximately 2 mm and, based on the experimental data, a physical explanation for the optimum was developed. The experiments, results and conclusions are discusssed in detail in this paper.     

氧化铝显微结构和磨损性能的研究

对种分和碳分氧化铝的显微结构以及磨损前后氧化铝显微结构进行了观察,结合氧化铝磨损指数分析发现,不同强度氧化铝的磨损性能有区别,磨损指数接近的氧化铝磨损性能有可能不同.     

Adiabatic calorimetry and thermal analysis on acetaminophen

Molar heat capacities of acetaminophen were precisely measured with a small sample precision automated adiabatic calorimeter over the temperature range from 80 to 330 K. A solid-solid transition at 149.96 K was found from the C_p,m-T curve. The polynomial functions of C_p,.m(J K^-1 mol^-1) vs. T were established on the heat capacity measurements by means of the least square fitting method. Thermal decomposition processes of acetaminophen have been studied by thermogravimetry. And the thermal decomposition kinetics parameters, such as activation energy E, pre-exponential factor A and reaction order n, were calculated by TG-DTG techniques with the Freeman-Carroll method, Kissinger method and Ozawa method. Accordingly the thermal decomposition kinetics equation of acetaminophen is expressed as: dα/dt=2.67·10⁷e^-89630/RT(1-α)^0.23. The process of fusion has been investigated through DSC. The melting point, molar enthalpy and entropy of fusion are to be (441.89±0.04) K, 26.49±0.44 kJ mol^-1 and 59.80±1.01 J K^-1 mol^-1, respectively.     

二（1,8—萘啶氮氧化物）合硝酸铜（Ⅱ）的晶体结构

1,8-萘啶氮氧化物(简写napyo)是一种配位能力较强的中性配体,关于它与金属离子形成的配合物已有报道.但工作主要集中在配合物的合成及性质的研究,它与金属离子形成的配合物的晶体结构至今未见报道.本工作旨在探讨1,8-萘啶氮氧化物与铜(Ⅱ)的配合物中配体与金属离子的配位情况以及铜(Ⅱ)的配位构型.     

地质样品中岩性自动分类X－射线荧光光谱分析研究

鉴于地质样品岩性变化大，容易引起对Ｘ－射线荧光分析准确度的影响，尤其是主、次量元素受影响更大，因此，作者提出了岩性自动分类，交互有效－基本参数法分析地质样品中主、次量元素，并与原有的经验系数和其它方法进行了比较．结果表明本方法的准确度更好些，对岩性的变化具有更好的适应能力