Micromechanical analysis of damage in saturated quasi brittle materials

In this paper, we propose a micromechanical analysis of damage and related inelastic deformation in saturated porous quasi brittle materials. The materials are weakened by randomly distributed microcracks and saturated by interstitial fluid with drained and undrained conditions. The emphasis is put on the closed cracks under compression-dominated stresses. The material damage is related to the frictional sliding on crack surface and described by a local scalar variable. The effective properties of the materials are determined using a linear homogenization approach, based on the extension of Eshelby’s inclusion solution to penny shaped cracks. The inelastic behavior induced by microcracks is described in the framework of the irreversible thermodynamics. As an original contribution, the potential energy of the saturated materials weakened by closed frictional microcracks is determined and formulated as a sum of an elastic part and a plastic part, the latter entirely induced by frictional sliding of microcracks. The influence of fluid pressure is accounted for in the friction criterion through the concept of local effective stress at microcracks. We show that the Biot’s effective stress controls the evolution of total strain while the local Terzaghi’s effective stress controls the evolution of plastic strain. Further, the frictional sliding between crack lips generates volumetric dilatancy and reduction in fluid pressure. Applications of the proposed model to typical brittle rocks are presented with comparisons between numerical results and experimental data in both drained and undrained triaxial tests.     

Depressing defocusing effect in microscopy by bi-orthogonal wavelet transform

For different dimensions, heights and irregular shapes, small and large particles cannot be viewed simultaneously as sharp images under the microscope due to optical defocusing effects. Bi-orthogonal wavelet transform is used in this paper to depress such defocusing effect by merging the wavelet coefficients of the image series. The algorithm is presented in detail, using SWE(13,7) and CDF(2,2), and a few particle images are provided to validate the proposed method.     

Wind induced deformation and vibration of a Platanus acerifolia leaf

Deformation and vibration of twig-connected single leaf in wind is investigated experimentally.Results showthat the Reynolds number based on wind speed and lengthof leaf blade is a key parameter to the aerodynamic problem.In case the front surface facing the wind and with an increase of Reynolds number,the leaf experiences static deformation,large amplitude and low frequency sway,reconfiguration to delta wing shape,flapping of tips,high frequencyvibration of whole leaf blade,recovery of delta wing shape,and twig-leaf coupling vibration.Abrupt changes from onestate to another occur at critical Reynolds numbers.In casethe back surface facing the wind,the large amplitude andlow frequency sway does not occur,the recovered delta wingshape is replaced by a conic shape,and the critical Reynoldsnumbers of vibrations are higher than the ones corresponding to the case with the front surface facing the wind.Apair of ram-horn vortex is observed behind the delta wingshaped leaf.A single vortex is found downstream of theconic shaped leaf.A lift is induced by the vortex,and thislift helps leaf to adjust position and posture,stabilize bladedistortion and reduce drag and vibration.     

隔离板对流向振荡圆柱尾流旋涡脱落的抑制

用隔离板对直径为D, 沿流向振荡的圆柱后涡脱落进行抑制. 隔离板放于圆柱尾流中心线上,控制参数包括隔离板长度L/D以及隔离板前缘到柱体振荡中心的距离G/D. 实验的雷诺数范围Re=V_∞D/v=1.01×10⁴～1.69×10⁴,柱体折减振频范围f_eD/V_∞=0～0.03, 柱体振幅固定为A/D=0.2. 风洞烟线显示和热线测量结果表明:当 G/D位于一个有效区域内时,可有效抑制振荡柱体尾流的旋涡脱落. 该有效区的大小随着隔离板板长的增大而增大, 随着Re数和圆柱振荡频率的增大而减小.     

Compensation method for complex hysteresis characteristics on piezoelectric actuator based on separated level-loop Prandtl–Ishlinskii model

Nonlinear Dynamics - Piezoelectric ceramic actuators show nonlinear hysteresis characteristics due to material properties. In order to modify the inverse piezoelectric effect as an ideal linear...     

自适应结构多工况下强度控制的研究

对自适应超静定桁架结构的强度控制问题进行了研究，把模型从单一工况推广到了多工况，实现了理论的完整性，定义了结构工作状态系数， 分析了作动器的联入对结构强度的影响，利用超静定桁架的耦合特性和作动器的调节功能，把强度控制问题转化为数学规划问题，方法简单有效。     

紊动流场中悬浮颗粒分布的随机理论

通过分析固体颗粒在紊动流场中的随机运动,建立了二维流场中垂直于时均流动的方向上颗粒随机位移的概率密度分布函数所满足的方程。由该方程解出的分布函数在一定条件下即相当于颗粒浓度分布函数。运用这一方法研究了[1]、[2]中报道的壁面附近颗粒浓度降低的现象。     

作动器参数对结构性能的影响和调整受力状态的实施策略模拟

基于规划法研究了作动器各参数对自适应超静定桁架性能的影响。该规划法能够使结构工作状态更合理化。这一方法能够改善自适应结构的工作状态因而提高承载能力。以此为基础，研究了具有作动器的组合杆的有关参数诸如变形上限、刚度和承载力上限对于控制效果的影响。从而为作动器的合理选择提供了理论根据。对于调整作动器变形以控制结构强度的实施策略进行了模拟和分析。该策略包括3部分：1．模拟和分析了“加载、调控、卸载”重复循环直至调控的完成；2．不同作动器按比例同时放大变形直到调控实现；3．多次加载、调控同一次加载、调控结构的等价性。研究表明本文提出的使结构工作状态合理化的调控过程是安全、可靠和灵活的。     

正弦平方势与正电子面沟道辐射的一般特征

引入正弦平方势，在经典力学框架内，将面沟道粒子的运动方程化为标准的摆方程，并用Jacobian椭圆函数和椭圆积分解析地给出系统的解和粒子运动周期，导出了正电子面沟道辐射的瞬时辐射强度、平均辐射强度和辐射谱特征.结果表明，沟道辐射频率己进入γ-能区，并指出了利用它作为短波长激光的可能性. 关键词： 沟道辐射 非线性 正弦平方势     

(Na1/2Bi1/2)Cu3Ti4O12陶瓷的微观结构和电学性质

利用固相反应法在不同烧结温度条件下制备了一系列(Na_1/2Bi_1/2)Cu₃Ti₄O₁₂(NBCTO)陶瓷样品,研究了它们的晶体结构、微观组织结构、介电性质和复阻抗及其随温度的变化. 实验发现NBCTO陶瓷所呈现出的电学性质与CaCu₃Ti₄O₁₂陶瓷相应的电学性质非常类似. 烧结温度为990℃至1060℃范围的NBCTO陶瓷样品室 关键词： 高介电材料 介电性质 复阻抗 内阻挡层电容