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61.
In this research, a simple, sensitive chemiluminescence (CL) method for the determination of humic acid (HA) in water samples was first developed based on the redox reaction between humic acid and cerium(IV) in the acidic condition. Different with the former redox CL reaction which occurred in alkaline solution, no enhancers were needed and neither precipitation nor a second contamination would occur in the present CL system. Comparing with other spectrometric methods, we find that the proposed analysis system had better applicability and accuracy. Under the optimal experiment conditions, the CL peak height was linear with the concentration of HA in the range of 0.03 to 10.0 microg mL(-1). The detection limit is 0.01 microg mL(-1) (S/N = 3), and the relative standard deviation was 2.3% for 0.5 microg mL(-1) HA solution with eleven repeated measurements. The present CL method was successfully applied to the determination of HA in tap water, spring water and river water samples with good recovery from 90.0 to 110.0%. A possible CL mechanism was proposed based on the results of UV and fluorescence spectrometry and the CL spectrum of HA. It was speculated that the semi-quinone radicals in the excited state were the emitters. 相似文献
62.
Xiao‐Hui Liu Yan‐Guo Li Ying Lin Yue‐Sheng Li 《Journal of polymer science. Part A, Polymer chemistry》2007,45(7):1272-1281
The reversible addition–fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization of acrylonitrile (AN) mediated by 2‐cyanoprop‐2‐yl dithiobenzoate was first applied to synthesize polyacrylonitrile (PAN) with a high molecular weight up to 32,800 and a polydispersity index as low as 1.29. The key to success was ascribed to the optimization of the experimental conditions to increase the fragmentation reaction efficiency of the intermediate radical. In accordance with the atom transfer radical polymerization of AN, ethylene carbonate was also a better solvent candidate for providing higher controlled/living RAFT polymerization behaviors than dimethylformamide and dimethyl sulfoxide. The various experimental parameters, including the temperature, the molar ratio of dithiobenzoate to the initiator, the molar ratio of the monomer to dithiobenzoate, the monomer concentration, and the addition of the comonomer, were varied to improve the control of the molecular weight and polydispersity index. The molecular weights of PANs were validated by gel permeation chromatography along with a universal calibration procedure and intrinsic viscosity measurements. 1H NMR analysis confirmed the high chain‐end functionality of the resultant polymers. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 45: 1272–1281, 2007 相似文献
63.
64.
Yi Lin 《Advances in Mathematics》2007,208(2):699-709
In this paper we construct six-dimensional compact non-Kähler Hamiltonian circle manifolds which satisfy the strong Lefschetz property themselves but nevertheless have a non-Lefschetz symplectic quotient. This provides the first known counterexamples to the question whether the strong Lefschetz property descends to the symplectic quotient. We also give examples of Hamiltonian strong Lefschetz circle manifolds which have a non-Lefschetz fixed point submanifold. In addition, we establish a sufficient and necessary condition for a finitely presentable group to be the fundamental group of a strong Lefschetz manifold. We then use it to show the existence of Lefschetz four-manifolds with non-Lefschetz finite covering spaces. 相似文献
65.
66.
The generalized Mycielskians (also known as cones over graphs) are the natural generalization of the Mycielski graphs (which were first introduced by Mycielski in 1955). Given a graph G and any integer m?0, one can transform G into a new graph μm(G), the generalized Mycielskian of G. This paper investigates circular clique number, total domination number, open packing number, fractional open packing number, vertex cover number, determinant, spectrum, and biclique partition number of μm(G). 相似文献
67.
Jun Sekine 《Applied Mathematics and Optimization》2006,54(2):131-158
The dual optimization problem for the exponential hedging problem is addressed with a cone constraint. Without boundedness
conditions on the terminal payoff and the drift of the Ito-type controlled process, the backward stochastic differential equation,
which has a quadratic growth term in the drift, is derived as a necessary and sufficient condition for optimality via a variational
method and dynamic programming. Further, solvable situations are given, in which the value and the optimizer are expressed
in closed forms with the help of the Clark-Haussmann-Ocone formula. 相似文献
68.
X.C. Li J. Wu K. Xu A.Q. Liu J.T. Lin 《Applied Physics A: Materials Science & Processing》2007,89(2):327-332
This paper presents the theoretical model and the optimization method to suppress the sidelobes of side-coupled photonic crystal
filters. Numerical verification shows a good agreement between the theoretical method and the finite-difference time-domain
simulation, but the theoretic method does not involve the time-consuming computation. The theoretical method also presents
a better physical image for choosing the critical parameters, such as the quality factor, phase shift and the number of resonators.
Based on the theoretical model, two optimization methods (chirp and cascading) are proposed to deeply suppress the sidelobes.
They also show more flexibility in controlling the bandwidth and steepness of the roll-off in the filter.
PACS 42.70.Qs 相似文献
69.
70.
35Cl NQR as well as heat capacity measurements of [(PyO)H][AuCl4] and its deuterated analog [(PyO)D][AuCl4] revealed successive phase transitions at 70.5 and 62.5 K, and at 71 and 63 K, respectively. The NQR frequency varied continuously through the upper transition point while discontinuously through the lower transition point. In the intermediate-temperature phase a remarkable decrease in the signal intensity was observed. These NQR observations as well as the feature of the heat capacity anomaly in which a broad peak is succeeded by a sharp peak with decreasing temperature suggest a possibility of normal-incommensurate-commensurate phase sequence. 相似文献