D301树脂、330树脂对双酚A吸附性能的对比

用静态吸附法对比研究D30l树脂、330树脂对环境激素双酚A的吸附性能。实验结果表明:相同条件下,D301树脂对双酚A的吸附量大干330树脂对双酚A的吸附量;330树脂在pH=4—9时对双酚A的吸附量最大,在pH值为11.31时,D301树脂对双酚A的吸附量最大,其吸附量大于330树脂对双酚A的最大吸附量;随着盐含量的升高,330树脂对双酚A的吸附量先迅速降低后平缓升高,而D301树脂对双酚A的吸附量随盐含量的升高逐渐增大;在80%C₂H₅OH和2mol/L NaOH的混合解吸剂中,D301、330树脂上双酚A的解吸率分别为99.99%、97.78%。D301树脂对双酚A的吸附存在离子交换,但以π—π作用为主,330树脂对双酚A的吸附以离子交换为主。     

High efficiency and good beam quality of electro-optic, cavity-dumped and double-end pumped Nd:YLF laser

In this paper, we describe a Nd:YLF laser based on high-speed RTP electro-optical cavity dumping technique. Two home-made 150 W fiber pump modules are used from both sides to pump Nd:YLF crystal. Coupling systems are the key elements in end-pumped solid-state lasers, the aberrations of which greatly affect the efficiency of the lasers. In order to get high efficient and good quality laser output, the optical software ZEMAX is used to design a four-piece coupling system. When the pumped energy is 32 mJ at the repetition rate of 1 Hz, the output energy is 6.5 mJ with 2.5 ns pulse width. When the pumped energy is 13.1 W at the repetition rate of 200 Hz, the output energy is 2.2 W with small M ² factor where M _x ² is 1.04, and M _y ² is 1.05, and the light-light conversion efficiency is up to 16.8%.     

Applications of VUV extra‐focus mechanism: high‐performance dual‐mode monochromator from VUV to soft X‐ray

A new monochromator scheme is presented in which an extra‐focus constant‐included‐angle varied‐line‐spacing cylindrical‐grating monochromator (extra‐focus CIA‐VCGM) is conveniently combined with a variable‐included‐angle varied‐line‐spacing plane‐grating monochromator (VIA‐VPGM). This dual‐mode solution delivers high performance in the energy range from vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) to soft X‐ray. The resolving power and the efficiency of this dual‐mode grating monochromator are analyzed in detail based on realistic parameters. Comparisons with the commonly used variable‐included‐angle plane‐grating monochromator and normal‐incidence monochromator (VIA‐PGM/NIM) hybrid monochromator are made.     

有机光敏二极管的功能材料探索及其器件结构

有机光敏二极管具有功能材料种类丰富、光敏波长可调控、成本低和可在柔性基底上制备等优点,在图像传感、免疫探测、光学通信等方面有着重要的应用前景.本文对近年来引起广泛关注的一些有机光敏二极管材料进行了归纳,探讨了它们在对不同波长敏感的光敏器件中的特性,总结了有机光敏二极管的结构优化、界面修饰和界面传输机理及其内部光强分布的相关研究,并介绍了一些基于有机光敏二极管的光电功能器件实际应用.最后,对有机光敏二极管未来的发展方向和应用前景进行了展望.     

人造金刚石表面电镀镍工艺研究

采用电镀工艺对人造金刚石表面镀镍.用扫描电镜及X射线衍射方法表征不同增重率的电镀金刚石的形貌和物相;用金刚石单颗粒抗压强度测定仪测试不同增重率的单颗金刚石的抗压强度.结果表明:电镀镍金刚石表面粗糙度随镀层增重率的增大而增大;400℃处理30 min的电镀镍金刚石样品较未热处理样品的XRD图谱中,金刚石和镍均出现了峰位蓝移的现象;通过电镀方法制得的不同增重率的电镀镍金刚石样品,平均抗压强度较未镀镍金刚石有很大提高,且平均抗压强度随镀层增重率的增大而增大,经400℃处理30 min的电镀镍金刚石平均抗压强度比未热处理的电镀镍金刚石也有略微增大.     

果糖一步水热合成碳微球固体酸催化纤维素水解

纤维素水解是生物质资源转化利用中最关键的一步. 通过硫酸浸渍活性炭方法制备的磺酸基功能化活性炭是目前纤维素水解反应中应用最为广泛的固体酸之一,但这种方法存在严重的环境污染问题. 我们利用果糖的水热碳化,在150 ℃的温和条件下合成了一种新型的富含羧基和羟基的碳微球固体酸,在离子液体1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑氯盐[BMIM][Cl]溶剂体系中,该碳微球可以有效地将纤维素水解（130 ℃,反应3 h,还原糖产率45.6%）. 为了进一步提高碳微球固体酸的活性,以磺基水杨酸为共聚物,利用果糖的水热碳化反应,通过一步水热法合成了含有磺酸基的碳微球固体酸催化剂. 系统研究了该催化剂作用下反应温度、反应时间、催化剂使用量、水的添加量以及纤维素起始浓度等因素对纤维素催化水解的影响. 在[BMIM][Cl]溶剂中,纤维素水解的还原糖产率提高到了60.7% （130 ℃,反应90 min）,且催化剂循环5次后仍能保持良好催化活性. 本工作利用果糖一步水热法制备碳微球固体酸,并将其应用于纤维素的高效水解,为生物质资源的高值化提供了一条新路径.     

Application of longitudinal generalized magneto-optical ellipsometry in magnetic ultrathin films

The longitudinal generalized magneto-optical ellipsometry(GME) method is extended to the measurement of threelayer ultrathin magnetic films. In this work, the theory of the reflection matrix is introduced into the GME measurement to obtain the reflective matrix parameters of ultrathin multilayer magnetic films with different thicknesses. After that, a spectroscopic ellipsometry is used to determine the optical parameter and the thickness of every layer of these samples, then the magneto-optical coupling constant of the multilayer magnetic ultrathin film can be obtained. After measurements of a series of ultrathin Fe films, the results show that the magneto-optical coupling constant Q is independent of the thickness of the magnetic film. The magneto-optical Kerr rotations and ellipticity are measured to confirm the validity of this experiment. Combined with the optical constants and the Q constant, the Kerr rotations and ellipticity are calculated in theory. The results show that the theoretical curve fits very well with the experimental data.     

Effects of cold rolling deformation on microstructure,hardness, and creep behavior of high nitrogen austenitic stainless steel

Effects of cold rolling deformation on the microstructure, hardness, and creep behavior of high nitrogen austenitic stainless steel （HNASS） are investigated. Microstructure characterization shows that 70% cold rolling deformation results in significant refinement of the microstructure of this steel, with its average twin thickness reducing from 6.4 μm to 14 nm. Nanoindentation tests at different strain rates demonstrate that the hardness of the steel with nano-scale twins （nt-HNASS） is about 2 times as high as that of steel with micro-scale twins （mt-HNASS）. The hardness of nt-HNASS exhibits a pronounced strain rate dependence with a strain rate sensitivity （m value） of 0.0319, which is far higher than that of mt-HNASS （m = 0.0029）. nt-HNASS shows more significant load plateaus and a higher creep rate than mt-HNASS. Analysis reveals that higher hardness and larger m value of nt-HNASS arise from stronger strain hardening role, which is caused by the higher storage rate of dislocations and the interactions between dislocations and high density twins. The more significant load plateaus and higher creep rates of nt-HNASS are due to the rapid relaxation of the dislocation structures generated during loading.     

ZnO纳米棒有序阵列的制备及其AFM表征

采用种子层辅助水热生长法制备了ZnO纳米棒有序阵列.将ZnO溶胶旋涂到玻片上,通过煅烧得到晶种,然后将载有晶种的玻片放入含有硝酸锌和六亚甲基四胺的反应釜里,经过水热反应得到垂直于玻片生长的ZnO纳米棒有序阵列.利用原子力显微镜(AFM)观测样品表面形貌并定量分析ZnO纳米棒的长度、直径和生长密度.结果表明,当旋涂转速为4 000r/min,旋涂次数为3次时所得到的ZnO晶种分布均匀,排列紧密,平均粒径为24.3nm.当反应物浓度为0.025mol/L,反应时间为3h,反应温度为90℃时,制备的ZnO纳米棒呈有序阵列,其中纳米棒的长度为164.4nm,直径为104.1nm,生长密度为64.7根/μm2.