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991.
Shuzhen Fan Qingpu Wang Shutao Li Shuanghong Ding Fufang Su 《Optics Communications》2006,266(2):620-626
A method of more precise determination of the focal length of equivalent thermal lens (TL) is presented in this paper. The method is based on the diffraction theory of aberrations. By numerically calculating the optical path difference (OPD) distribution and the Strehl ratio, the focal lengths for “top-hat” pumping and Gaussian pumping are obtained and the equations for the focal lengths are presented by curve fitting. Also the equations for average pump radii are presented. The experiment on a fiber-coupled LD pumped Nd:YAG laser is carried out. The experimental results verify the validity of the method. 相似文献
992.
Summary An exact, three-dimensional analysis is developed for a penny-shaped crack in an infinite transversely isotropic piezoelectric
medium. The crack is assumed to be parallel to the plane of isotropy, with its faces subjected to a couple of concentrated
normal forces and a couple of point electric charges that are antisymmetric with respect to the crack plane. The fundamental
solution of a concentrated force and a point charge acting on the surface of a piezoelectric half-space is employed to derive
the integral equations for the general boundary value problem. For the above antisymmetric crack problem, complete expressions
for the elastoelectric field are obtained. A numerical calculation is finally performed to show the piezoelectric effect in
piezoelectric materials. It is noted here that the present analysis is an extension of Fabrikant's theory for elasticity.
Received 30 August 1999; accepted for publication 1 March 2000 相似文献
993.
Shi Wang Xue-Hua Ding Jing-Lin Zuo Xiao-Zeng You Wei Huang 《Coordination chemistry reviews》2011,255(15-16):1713-1732
Cyano-bridged molecule-based magnetic materials with reduced dimensionality, such as single-molecule magnets (SMMs) and single-chain magnets (SCMs), have attracted great research interest during the last decade. Among the cyano-based molecular precursors with ample coordinating capability, we note the ability of the tricyanometalate to link various metal ions lead to a wide diversity of structural architectures ranging from discrete polynuclear complexes to various one-dimensional (1D) assemblies. Some of them are promising cyano-bridged SMMs and SCMs. The use of capping tridentate organic ligands results in a number of clusters containing di-, tri-, tetra-, penta-, hexa-, octa-, fourteen-nuclear and various 1D metal-cyanide molecular architectures. Here we review the structural topologies of these complexes and their related magnetic properties, highlight typical examples, and point out the main possible directions that remain to be developed in this field. From the crystal engineering point of view, the compounds reviewed here should provide useful information for further design and investigation on this elusive class of cyano-bridged SMMs and SCMs. 相似文献
994.
Shou-Nian Ding Serge Cosnier Dan Shan Yue-Ming Sun Yao Wang 《Electrochemistry communications》2010,12(7):905-908
Elelctrogenerated chemiluminescence (ECL) of electropolymerized films based on [(2,2′-bipyridyl)(4-(2-pyrrol-1-ylethyl)-4′-methyl-2,2′-bipyridyl)2]ruthenium (II) was firstly investigated in both organic and aqueous solution. The ECL behaviors have been explained by two typical mechanisms, namely, redox-cycling type and oxidative-reduction type. For the former, no co-reactant was required and for the latter, tripropylamine (TPA) and (NH4)2C2O4 were selected as co-reactants in the organic and aqueous system, respectively. 相似文献
995.
996.
997.
Houjian Gong Guiying Xu Hui Ding Xiaofeng Shi Yebang Tan 《European Polymer Journal》2009,45(9):2540-2548
The block polyethers with various branch structure, such as TEPA[(PO)36(EO)100]7, TEPA[(PO)36(EO)100(PO)36]7, and TEPA[(PO)36(EO)100(PO)56]7 were synthesized. Moreover, the aggregation behavior was investigated via the measurements of equilibrium surface tension, dynamic surface tension, and surface dilational viscoelasticity, in order to probe the effect of the block structure on the property of the branched block polyethers. The surface tension results show that the efficiency and effectiveness of the block polyethers to lower surface tension increase with the increase of the PO group numbers. The maximum surface excess concentration (Γmax) values and the minimum occupied area per molecule at the air/water interface (Amin) values of the branched block polyethers obtained from Gibbs adsorption equations increase and decrease with the increases of the PO group numbers, respectively. The dynamic parameters n and t* representing the diffusion speed of the polyether molecules from bulky solution to the subsurface and from the subsurface to the air/water surface are obtained according to the equation proposed by Rosen. The results show that the n values firstly increase and then decrease and t* values decrease with the increase of the polyether concentrations. The results of surface dilational viscoelasticity show that the dilational modulus of TEPA[(PO)36(EO)100(PO)56]7 is the largest among the three block copolymers at the low concentration (<1 mg L−1) but that of TEPA[(PO)36(EO)100]7 is the largest at the high concentration (>1 mg L−1). 相似文献
998.
The design of a pressurized capillary rheometer operating at prescribed temperature is described to measure the viscosity of magnetic fluids (MFs) containing Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs). The equipment constant of the rheometer was obtained using liquids with predetermined viscosities. Experimentally measured viscosities were used to evaluate different equations for suspension viscosities. Deviation of measured suspension viscosities from the Einstein equation was found to be basically due to the influence of spatial distribution and aggregation of Fe3O4 MNPs. By taking account of the coating layer on MNPs and the aggregation of MNPs in MFs, a modified Einstein equation was proposed to fit the experimental data. Moreover, the influence of external magnetic field on viscosity was also taken into account. Viscosities thus predicted are in good agreement with experimental data. Temperature effect on suspension viscosity was shown experimentally to be due to the shear-thinning behavior of the MFs. 相似文献
999.
用高 硅含磷五 员环 沸 石 分子 筛( 商 品 代号 H Z R P1) 作 为 载体 ,制 备 了 Mo/ H Z R P1 催化剂. 与 Mo/ H Z S M5 相比, Mo/ H Z R P1 对 甲烷无 氧脱氢芳 构化反 应也表现 出较好的 催化 性能 . 实验过程 中,在反 应气中添 加 N2 作 为内标 物,给出包 括甲烷 在 Mo/ H Z R P1 上 的结焦量 、转化率 及各产物选 择性在内 的总碳 物料平衡 计算结果 . 考 察了不同 Mo 担 载量对催 化剂性 能和 积炭 行为 的影响; 重点考察 了不同 温度焙烧 后20 % Mo/ H Z R P1 催化剂 的性能和 积炭行 为. 在 反应的初 始阶段 ,6 % Mo/ H Z R P1 表 现出 很 高 的 活 性: 反 应 进 行 30 min 时, 甲 烷 转 化 率 为 11 % , 芳 烃 选 择 性 达81 % , 而催化 剂的结焦 选择性 仅为12 % . B E T, N H3 T P D 和 催 化反 应等 表 征结 果表 明: Mo 物种的数量 和状态, 分子筛的 酸强度和 酸量以 及分子筛 的孔道 结构是 决定 甲烷 无氧 脱氢 芳构 化反 应性能和积 炭行为 的关键因 素. 相似文献
1000.
Austin C. Li Jie Ding Xiangyu Jiang Jon Denissen 《Rapid communications in mass spectrometry : RCM》2009,23(18):3003-3012
The relatively high background matrix in in vivo samples typically poses difficulties in drug metabolite identification, and causes repeated analytical runs on unit resolution liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry (LC/MS) systems before the completion of biotransformation characterization. Ballpark parameter settings for the LTQ‐Orbitrap are reported herein that enable complete in vivo metabolite identification within two HPLC/MS injections on the hybrid LTQ‐Orbitrap data collection system. By setting the FT survey full scan at 60K resolution to trigger five dependent LTQ MS2 scans, and proper parameters of Repeat Duration, Exclusion Duration and Repeat Count for the first run (exploratory), the Orbitrap achieved the optimal parallel data acquisition capability and collected maximum number of product ion scans. Biotransformation knowledge based prediction played the key role in exact mass ion extraction and multiple mass defect filtration when the initial data was processed. Meanwhile, product ion extraction and neutral loss extraction of the initial dependent data provided additional bonus in identifying metabolites. With updated parent mass list and the data‐dependent setting to let only the ions on the parent mass list trigger dependent scans, the second run (confirmatory) ensures that all precursor ions of identified metabolites trigger not only dependent product ion scans, but also at or close to the highest concentration of the eluted metabolite peaks. This workflow has been developed for metabolite identification of in vivo or ADME studies, of which the samples typically contain a high level of complex matrix. However, due to the proprietary nature of the in vivo studies, this workflow is presented herein with in vitro buspirone sample incubated with human liver microsomes (HLM). The major HLM‐mediated biotransformation on buspirone was identified as oxidation or hydroxylation since five mono‐ (+16 Da), seven di‐ (+32 Da) and at least three tri‐oxygenated (+48 Da) metabolites were identified. Besides the metabolites 1‐pyrimidinylpiperazine (1‐PP) and hydroxylated 1‐PP that formed by N‐dealkylation, a new metabolite M308 was identified as the result of a second N‐dealkylation of the pyrimidine unit. Two new metabolites containing the 8‐butyl‐8‐azaspiro[4,5]decane‐7,9‐dione partial structure, M240 and M254, were also identified that were formed apparently due to the first N‐dealkylation of the 1‐PP moiety. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献