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991.
The benzamide-derived P,O-ligands efficiently promoted the Pd-catalyzed Suzuki cross-coupling reactions of aryl bromides with phenylboronic acid at 0.01 mol % of Pd loading at 60-80 °C to form biaryls in excellent yields. A sterically hindered arylboronic acid gave a quantitative yield of the coupling product at 110 °C with 1 mol % Pd. 相似文献
992.
A new series of thiophene‐ and furan‐containing chromophores with a chiral prolinol donor and a sulfone acceptor has been synthesized. The UV‐vis absorptions, second‐order nonlinear optical properties, and X‐ray crystal structures are described. 相似文献
993.
994.
Jane?Jin John?C.?Achenbach Shiping?ZhuEmail author Yingfu?Li 《Colloid and polymer science》2005,283(11):1197-1205
The influences of polymer-related properties such as molecular weight, charge density, counter ion, and hydrophilic block
on the complexation of polyelectrolytes and a fluorescein-labeled oligonucleotide (ON) were investigated. A series of well-defined
and well-controlled 2-(N,N-dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate (DMAEMA) polymers and block copolymers were prepared using living anionic and radical polymerization
methods. Fluorescence measurement was used to reveal the effects of polymer molecular weight, charge density, and counter
ion type on the complexation. PolyDMAEMA samples having double molecular weights of the chosen oligonucleotide gave the optimal
complexation performance. Kinetic studies showed that high-molecular weight/high-charge density polymer samples produced very
stable complexes. The fully charged polyDMAEMA displayed the strongest binding with the ON. These complexes were therefore
less sensitive to the changes in the environment. PolyDMAEMA–DMSQ samples had slightly higher complexation ability than polyDMAEMA–MCQ
(DMSQ: dimethylsulfate quat; MCQ: methylchloride quat). Both poly(DMAEMA-b-HEMA) and poly(DMAEMA–MCQ-b-PEG) block copolymers
showed good complexation ability and steric stability [HEMA: 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate; PEG: poly(ethylene glycol)]. PEG,
but not HEMA block, enhanced the effectiveness of polyDMAEMA–MCQ binding with the ON. 相似文献
995.
Pullin等人曾对全氟碘代烷与三级胺的相互作用进行了研究,发现R_(?)I与NR_3能形成电荷转移络合物,即:R_(?)…I…NR_3。但此后却未见到有关反应的报道。我们发现在钯催化剂存在下,全氟碘化物与三乙胺能发生反应,反应条件较为温和,产物为氟代烷基烯基二乙基胺1。反应可能是在三乙胺中先产生一个双键,然后β碳原子接上一个全氟烷基。1的IR和NMR与Blanc报道的一致。化合物1经水解可得胺基烯酮2。在酸溶液中水解时,速度明显加快,而在碱溶液中,不仅不能加快水解速度,而且还有副反应发生。我们对化合物2进 相似文献
996.
Ming Guo Jue Wang Man Xiong Ronghui Wu Xuejuan Yang Jianzhong Zhou Minghui Li Jiajun Li 《大学化学》1986,35(12):237-246
In order to improve university laboratory teaching and practical education under the background of information technology, as well as overcome the difficulty for practical training, develop a virtual simulation experiment platform for rapid pyrolysis of natal materials and high-performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) detection of its components. The experiment integrates the actual operation process of the plant to produce cleaved products by rapid pyrolysis of biomass with HPLC detection. The virtual experiment is divided into biomass sample pretreatment, rapid biomass pyrolysis, bio-oil extraction, and HPLC determination of complex components, making the biomass cleavage workshop "real" through simulation. This virtual simulation experiment fully integrates the utilization of biomass resources and basic chemistry courses (such as organic chemistry, instrumental analysis, chemical engineering principles, etc.), which are widely involved in agricultural and forestry majors with advantageous characteristics value. 相似文献
997.
In this paper, we report the synthesis of carbohydrate-derived 1,7-enynes and subsequent metathesis to yield polyhydroxylated 1-vinylcyclohexenes. For example, we converted D-glucose 2 to the (6,7)-dideoxy-D-gluco-hept-6-ene-pyranose 7, which led to the desired 1,7-enyne 16. The ring-closing metathesis of this 1,7-enyne 16 with the second generation Grubbs catalyst, under Mori's conditions, gave the corresponding polyhydroxylated 1-vinylcyclohexene 25 in 76% yield. The conversion of several aldohexoses into polyhydroxylated 1-vinylcyclohexenes was carried out with satisfying yields. We report also the synthesis of two carbohydrate-derived ethyl 8-yn-2-enoates from D-glucose derivatives. 相似文献
998.
Piotr Kujawa Annie Audibert‐Hayet Joseph Selb Franoise Candau 《Journal of Polymer Science.Polymer Physics》2004,42(9):1640-1655
Multisticker associative polyelectrolytes of acrylamide (≈86 mol %) and sodium 2‐acrylamido‐2‐methylpropanesulfonate (≈12 mol %), hydrophobically modified with N,N‐dihexylacrylamide groups (≈2 mol %), were prepared with a micellar radical polymerization technique. This process led to multiblock polymers in which the length of the hydrophobic blocks could be controlled through variations in the surfactant‐to‐hydrophobe molar ratio, that is, the number of hydrophobes per micelle (NH). The rheological behavior of aqueous solutions of polymers with the same molecular weight and the same composition but with two different hydrophobic block lengths (NH = 7 or 3 monomer units per block) was investigated as a function of the polymer concentration with steady‐flow, creep, and oscillatory experiments. The critical concentration at the onset of the viscosity enhancement decreased as the length of the hydrophobic segments in the polymers increased. Also, an increase in the NH value significantly enhanced the thickening ability of the polymers and affected the structure of the transient network. In the semidilute unentangled regime, the behavior of the polymer with long hydrophobic segments (NH = 7) was studied in detail. The results were well explained by the sticky Rouse theory of associative polymer dynamics. Finally, the viscosity decreased with an increase in the temperature, mainly because of a lowering of the sample relaxation time. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys 42: 1640–1655, 2004 相似文献
999.
Jolanta Olkowska‐Oetzel Dieter Fenske Petra Scheer Andreas Eichhfer 《无机化学与普通化学杂志》2003,629(3):415-420
Syntheses and Thermal Properties of Cluster Molecules, formed from Groups 11‐13‐16 Elements In the presence of PPh3, CuX (X = Cl, CH3COO) or AgOC(O)C6H5 and GaCl3 react in THF with S(SiMe3)2 or Se(SiMe3)2 to yield [Cu6Ga8Cl4S13(PPh3)6] ( 1 ), [Cu6Ga8Cl4Se13(PPh3)6] ( 2 ), [Ag6Ga8Cl4S13(PPh3)6] ( 4 ) and [Ag6Ga8Cl4Se13(PPh3)6] ( 5 ). The use of PnPr2Ph instead of PPh3 and subsequent layering with n‐hexane leads to the formation of the cluster [Cu6Ga8Cl4Se13(PnPr2Ph)12] ( 3a , 3b ). Reaction of CuCl, GaCl3 and PnPr3 with Se(SiMe3)2 in THF results in the crystallisation of the ionic cluster (HPnPr3)2[Cu2Ga4Cl4Se6(PnPr3)4] ( 6 ). The structures of 1 — 6 were determined by X‐ray single crystal structure analysis. Thermogravimetric measurements of the cluster molecules and powder diffraction patterns of the remaining powders reveal the potential use of them as single source precursor compounds for the synthesis of the related ternary solid state materials. 相似文献
1000.
We employ dissipative particle dynamics (DPD) to examine the self‐assembly behavior of A2‐star‐(B‐alt‐C) molecules. We successfully observe various types of hierarchical structure‐within‐structures, such as A‐formed spheres in the matrix formed by B and C alternating layers, hexagonally packed A‐formed cylinders in the matrix with B and C segregated layers, B and C alternating layers‐within‐lamellae, coaxial B and C alternating domains within hexagonally packed BC‐formed cylinders in the A‐matrix, and co‐centric BC‐alternating domains within BC‐formed spheres in the A‐matrix, by increasing the A composition. Generally speaking, the small length‐scale B and C segregated domains are in parallel to the large length‐scale structures. This hierarchical periodicity along the same axis as well as the various characteristic structures, that the A2‐star‐(B‐alt‐C) copolymers display, are quite different from those in A‐block‐(B‐graft‐C) coil‐comb copolymers. Moreover, it is interesting to find that when the copolymer chain length increases, though the hierarchical structure type is maintained, the number of small length‐scale lamellae that can form within the large length‐scale structure increases. These hierarchical structures under various compositions are reported theoretically for the first time in the copolymer systems consisting of the alternating blocks, and are in good agreement with the most recent experimental work by Matsushita and co‐workers (Macromolecules 2007 , 40, 4023). 相似文献