Deposition of Polyacrylic Acid Films by Means of an Atmospheric Pressure Dielectric Barrier Discharge

The present work describes the plasma polymerisation of acrylic acid at atmospheric pressure. The influence of two operating parameters (monomer concentration and discharge power) on the properties of the deposited films is investigated. Results show that at a monomer concentration of 2.5 ppm and a discharge power of 9.5 W, the monomer is only slightly fragmented leading to a high amount of carboxylic acid groups on the deposited films. In contrast, when monomer concentration is decreased or discharge power increased, the incidence of monomer fragmentation processes is higher, leading to a lower amount of carboxylic acid groups on the films. This behaviour can be explained by a higher energy amount available per monomer molecule at low monomer concentrations and high discharge powers and a higher flux of positive ions attacking the surface at high discharge powers. Taking into account these results, it can be concluded that the deposition parameters should be carefully selected in order to preserve the stability of the monomer and thus obtain coatings with high carboxylic acid densities.     

Plasma Polymerization in a Nitrogen/Ethanol Dielectric Barrier Discharge: A Parameter Study

Plasma Chemistry and Plasma Processing - Plasma polymerization experiments are typically conducted by sustaining a non-thermal plasma in a gas flow containing monomer molecules. Recently, it was...     

Electronic Energy Spectrum of Two-Dimensional Solids and a Chain of C Atoms from a Quantum Network Model

The aim of this study is to explain how a quantum network can be used as simple model to calculate complex band structures. The paper contains an introduction, a mathematical exposure of the method, and applications to graphene, boron nitride, and polyacetylene chains. Using a quantum network is a simple, intuitive, and, yet, rather accurate way to obtain a band structure for a complex material. One focus here is to invoke physical and chemical intuition to construct the effective one-body potential along the wires of a quantum network.     

Stability study of polyacrylic acid films plasma-polymerized on polypropylene substrates at medium pressure

Plasma polymerization of acrylic acid has become an interesting research subject, since these coatings are expected to be beneficial for biomedical applications due to their high surface density of carboxylic acid functional groups. However, the application of these monomers is counteracted by their low stability in humid environments, since a high stability is a required characteristic for almost any biological application. The present work investigates whether it is possible to obtain stable deposits with a high retention of carboxylic acid functions by performing plasma polymerization on polypropylene substrates with a dielectric barrier discharge operating at medium pressure. In order to obtain coatings with the desired properties, the plasma parameters need to be optimized. Therefore, in this paper, the influence of discharge power and location of the substrate in the discharge chamber is examined in detail. The properties of the deposited films are studied using contact angle measurements, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, atomic force microscopy and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Moreover, to determine whether the obtained deposits are soluble in water, the coatings are once again analyzed after rinsing in water. This paper will clearly show that stable COOH-rich surfaces can be obtained at high discharge power and close to the monomer inlet, which might open perspectives for future biomedical applications.     

Surface Treatment of Cotton Yarn by Underwater Capillary Electrical Discharge

An alternating current (50 Hz) capillary underwater discharge in aqueous solution of NaH₂PO₄·2H₂O is used for surface treatment of cotton yarn. The capillary discharge emits of ultraviolet radiation in the wavelength range 280–340 nm (OH band). The process of bubble generation and expansion inside the capillary results in the formation of weak shock waves. The effect on cotton yarn exposed to the discharge is quantified by a liquid wicking rate test. The treatment effect strongly depends both on the distance between plasma and cotton yarn and on the voltage. The maximum effect is observed at an applied voltage of 5.8 kV and at 1.5 mm distance to the plasma zone. Analysis of the experimental data shows that the changes in cotton yarn hydrophilicity cannot be explained solely by the locally overheated water. The nonlinear dependence of the treatment effect on the applied voltage is delivered to be due to the generation of weak shock waves in the capillary discharge.     

Large heat capacity anomaly near the consolute point of the binary mixture nitromethane and 3-pentanol

The large critical anomaly in the isobaric heat capacity C(p,x)(T) of the binary mixture nitromethane + 3-pentanol is measured using high-resolution adiabatic scanning calorimetry. The unique features of this technique provided an alternative approach to the study of the critical behavior of C(p,x)(T), providing further C(p,x)(T) related quantities from which valuable information could be extracted. Our data are in full agreement with the predictions of the Modern Theory of Critical Phenomena; specifically, 3D-Ising model values for the critical exponent α and the universal amplitude ratio values of the leading critical amplitudes, as well as for the first correction-to-scaling ones, provide the optimum fits to represent the experimental data. Evidence for the need of higher-order terms, i.e., first correction-to-scaling term, is given. The large value of the coefficient E for the linear temperature dependence of the background obtained is ascribed to a possible contribution of the regular linear background term, of a higher-order asymmetry term, and of the second correction-to-scaling term. Internal consistency of C(p,x)(T) and its related quantities is successfully checked.     

萃取色层分离测定含铀腐蚀液中6种元素的方法研究——ICP-AES

采用萃取色层分离电感耦合等离子体-原子发射光谱法(ICP-AES)测定含铀腐蚀液中Cr、Te、Sr、Ru、Rh、Ce 6种元素,腐蚀液试样中铀用HNO3转化为硝酸铀酰后,经过CL-TBP萃淋树脂分离,一次性使基体铀与待测元素分离,测定铀化合物样品中6种元素的质量分数.并对影响测定的各种因素进行了较详细的试验研究,确定了测定的最佳条件.方法平均回收率在84.8%-112.6%之间,相对标准偏差(RSD,n=6)优于士10%.