全文获取类型
收费全文 | 1210篇 |
免费 | 51篇 |
国内免费 | 21篇 |
专业分类
化学 | 661篇 |
晶体学 | 9篇 |
力学 | 58篇 |
数学 | 259篇 |
物理学 | 295篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 4篇 |
2022年 | 9篇 |
2021年 | 6篇 |
2020年 | 26篇 |
2019年 | 11篇 |
2018年 | 13篇 |
2017年 | 5篇 |
2016年 | 17篇 |
2015年 | 20篇 |
2014年 | 43篇 |
2013年 | 63篇 |
2012年 | 85篇 |
2011年 | 68篇 |
2010年 | 59篇 |
2009年 | 56篇 |
2008年 | 70篇 |
2007年 | 61篇 |
2006年 | 75篇 |
2005年 | 56篇 |
2004年 | 50篇 |
2003年 | 51篇 |
2002年 | 32篇 |
2001年 | 35篇 |
2000年 | 33篇 |
1999年 | 14篇 |
1998年 | 18篇 |
1997年 | 12篇 |
1996年 | 16篇 |
1995年 | 23篇 |
1994年 | 10篇 |
1993年 | 19篇 |
1992年 | 9篇 |
1991年 | 17篇 |
1990年 | 13篇 |
1989年 | 11篇 |
1988年 | 10篇 |
1987年 | 9篇 |
1986年 | 8篇 |
1985年 | 20篇 |
1984年 | 11篇 |
1983年 | 10篇 |
1982年 | 9篇 |
1981年 | 9篇 |
1980年 | 12篇 |
1979年 | 11篇 |
1978年 | 7篇 |
1977年 | 14篇 |
1976年 | 15篇 |
1975年 | 14篇 |
1973年 | 4篇 |
排序方式: 共有1282条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
61.
Anna M. Rydzik Ivanhoe K. H. Leung Grazyna T. Kochan Michael A. McDonough Timothy D. W. Claridge Prof. Christopher J. Schofield 《Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)》2014,53(41):10925-10927
γ‐Butyrobetaine hydroxylase (BBOX) is a 2‐oxoglutarate dependent oxygenase that catalyzes the final hydroxylation step in the biosynthesis of carnitine. BBOX was shown to catalyze the oxidative desymmetrization of achiral N,N‐dialkyl piperidine‐4‐carboxylates to give products with two or three stereogenic centers. 相似文献
62.
A. F. Leung 《光谱学快报》2013,46(3):591-600
Laser-induced fluorescence from frog skeletal muscle fibers treated with lanthanides, Eu3+ and Tb3+, was recorded. The fluorescence was weak and overlapped with the Raman scattering by the Ringer solution when the muscle fibers were illuminated with an argon-ion laser. The fluorescence decay rate of the lanthanide in Ringer's solution was 2–3 times larger than that of the lanthanide bound to the muscle fiber. The number of water molecules coordinated to the lanthanide bound to the muscle fiber was determined to be about three. This suggests that lanthanide ions bind superficially to the outer membrane of the muscle fiber. 相似文献
63.
We develop a fully calibrated positive mathematical programming model for Hawaii's local food systems—which captures the production and the consumer sides of the market. Then we use the model to assess two proposed policies—a general excise tax (GET) exemption on locally produced foods, and an investment in agricultural infrastructure. For the GET exemption case, our results indicate an economic gain of $118 per $100 cost. On the other hand, an investment in 1,200 acres of land injected to support local production may generate an economic gain of up to $357 per $100 annual cost of the investment. However, these estimates should be considered preliminary, and thus viewed with caution. Although the model is used to capture Hawaii's local food systems, we believe that our model is generalizable and can be adopted by other economies to assess their respective food localization policies. Recommendations for Resource Managers
- Local food policies need to be based on quantitative terms instead of mere armchair speculation because often their potential outcomes may vary significantly.
- The current modeling framework demonstrates the potential of using positive mathematical programming (PMP) in capturing the intricacies of local food systems. However, this exploratory exercise should be viewed as preliminary in nature and the ensuing results were taken with caution because many important factors such as labor availability may have been left out.
- Thus, further model refinements are necessary to better capture the complexities of local food systems such as farm heterogeneity, availability of farm labor, water availability, and interisland transportation of farm products in the case of Hawaii.
64.
Over the past few decades, the realm of inorganic medicinal chemistry has been dominated by the study of the anti-cancer properties of transition metal complexes, particularly those based on platinum or ruthenium. However, comparatively less attention has been focused on the development of metal complexes for the treatment of inflammatory or autoimmune diseases. Metal complexes possess a number of advantages that render them as attractive alternatives to organic small molecules for the development of therapeutic agents. In this perspective, we highlight recent examples in the development of transition metal complexes as modulators of inflammatory and autoimmune responses. The studies presented here serve to highlight the potential of transition metal complexes in modulating inflammatory or immune pathways in cells. 相似文献
65.
66.
Tuning of Supramolecular Architectures of l‐Valine‐Containing Dicyanoplatinum(II) 2,2′‐Bipyridine Complexes by Metal–Metal, π–π Stacking,and Hydrogen‐Bonding Interactions 下载免费PDF全文
Heidi Li‐Ki Fu Dr. Charlotte Po Dr. Hexiang He Dr. Sammual Yu‐Lut Leung Prof. Kam Sing Wong Prof. Dr. Vivian Wing‐Wah Yam 《Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》2016,22(33):11826-11836
A series of newly synthesized dicyanoplatinum(II) 2,2′‐bipyridine complexes exhibits self‐assembly properties in solution after the incorporation of the l ‐valine amino units appended with various hydrophobic motifs. These l ‐valine‐derived substituents were found to have critical control over the aggregation behaviors of the complexes in the solution state. On one hand, one of the complexes was found to exhibit interesting circularly polarized luminescence (CPL) signals at low temperature due to the formation of chiral spherical aggregates in the temperature‐dependent studies. On the other hand, systematic transformation from less uniform aggregates to well‐defined fibrous and rod‐like structures via Pt???Pt and π–π stacking interactions has also been observed in the mixed‐solvent studies. These changes were monitored by UV/Vis absorption, emission, circular dichroism (CD), and CPL spectroscopies, and morphologies were studied by electron microscopy. 相似文献
67.
A. Anghel T. L. Bailey G. Bison B. Blau L. J. Broussard S. M. Clayton C. Cude-Woods M. Daum A. Hawari N. Hild P. Huffman T. M. Ito K. Kirch E. Korobkina B. Lauss K. Leung E. M. Lutz M. Makela G. Medlin C. L. Morris R. W. Pattie D. Ries A. Saunders P. Schmidt-Wellenburg V. Talanov A. R. Young B. Wehring C. White M. Wohlmuther G. Zsigmond 《The European Physical Journal A - Hadrons and Nuclei》2018,54(9):148
68.
This paper reports an exploratory study of the aeroacoustics of a merging flow at a duct junction with the same width in all branches and different merging angles. The focus is put on the acoustic generation due to the flow unsteadiness. The study is carried out by the direct aeroacoustic simulation (DAS) approach, which solves the unsteady compressible Navier–Stokes equations and the perfect gas equation of state simultaneously using the conservation element and solution element (CE/SE) method. The Mach number based on the maximum inlet velocity of side branch is 0.1 and the Reynolds number of the flow based on duct width and this velocity is 2.3×105. The numerical simulations are performed in two dimensions and the aeroacoustics at different merging angles (30°, 45°, 60° and 90°) are studied. Both the levels of unsteady interactions of merging flow structures and the efficiency of the acoustic generation are observed to increase with the merging angles, where the increase in acoustic efficiency can be up to three orders of magnitude. The major acoustic source is found to be the fluctuating wall pressure induced by the flow unsteadiness in the downstream branch. A scaling law between the wall fluctuating force and the acoustic efficiency is also derived. 相似文献
69.
Various composites have been proposed in the literature for the fabrication of bioscaffolds for bone tissue engineering. These materials include poly(ε‐caprolactone) (PCL) with hydroxyapatite (HA). Since the biomaterial acts as the medium that transfers mechanical signals from the body to the cells, the fundamental properties of the biomaterials should be characterized. Furthermore, in order to control the processing of these materials into scaffolds, the characterization of the fundamental properties is also necessary. In this study, the physical, thermal, mechanical, and viscoelastic properties of the PCL‐HA micro‐ and nano‐composites were characterized. Although the addition of filler particles increased the compressive modulus by up to 450%, the thermal and viscoelastic properties were unaffected. Furthermore, although the presence of water plasticized the polymer, the viscoelastic behavior was only minimally affected. Testing the composites under various conditions showed that the addition of HA can strengthen PCL without changing its viscoelastic response. The results found in this study can be used to further understand and approximate the time‐dependent behavior of scaffolds for bone tissue engineering. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
70.
Two novel amphiphilic BAB-type block copolymers, ADN-PEG3400-ADN and Py-PEG3400-Py containing deep blue and bluish-green fluorescent moieties were prepared using atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) (where, ADN = poly(9,10-di(1-naphthalenyl)-2-vinylanthracene), Py = poly(1-vinyl pyrene) and PEG3400 = poly(ethylene glycol) with Mn = 3400 g/mol). The GPC number averaged molecular weights (MW) of the block copolymers were Mn = 9600 and 13,800 g/mol, respectively, based on polystyrene MW standards. The PEG3400 segment has a melting temperature (Tm peak) at 64–65 °C, whereas the glass transition temperatures (Tg midpoint) of the ADN and Py segments were found to be 230 °C and 193 °C, respectively, and are similar to their respective homopolymers indicating complete microphase segregration. The photoluminescence (PL) emission of the copolymers ADN-PEG3400-ADN exhibited two maxima at 423.5 nm and 441.5 nm while Py-PEG3400-Py has a maximum at 488.5 nm. Both copolymers form individual spherical micelles with diameter from 30 to 90 nm for Py-PEG3400-Py and 40–160 nm for ADN-PEG3400-ADN. The micelles, however, transform into cross-linked pearl-necklace-like aggregates at polymer concentrations above 1000 ppm, which may be attributed to the physical cross-linking between adjacent spherical micelles caused by the PEG3400 segments. 相似文献