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941.
An in vitro microdialysis system was constructed for the measurement of catecholamines in pheochromocytoma cell culture medium. The novel microdialysis device is composed of a petri dish, a dialysis membrane and two transmission tubes. The dialysis membrane is located in the space of a petri dish such that it is immersed in the culture medium. Catecholamines contained in the culture medium diffused into a designed dialysis membrane with sufficient recovery (about 60%). Dialysates were collected by a sampling loop and introduced by an on-line injector to a microbore liquid chromatographic system for analysis of catecholamines. This assay yielded a detection limit of 0.2–0.5 pg/injection with acceptable intra- and inter-assay reproducibilities in 5 μl of dialysates. To evaluate the on-line microdialysis system, PC-12 cells were cultured in a petri dish within an incubator. The baseline concentration of dopamine in PC-12 cell culture medium was about 0.29 ng/ml which was elevated to 2.43 ng/ml after treatment with 0.5 mM potassium cyanide. In conclusion, the present microassay provides for the sensitive, direct measurement of catecholamines in culture medium while minimizing pretreatment procedures for sample preparation. 相似文献
942.
Dr. Dingfeng Yang Junzhu Yang Xuejun Quan Bin Zhang Guoyu Wang Xu Lu Xiaoyuan Zhou 《Chemphyschem》2021,22(24):2579-2584
Understanding the correlation between crystal structure and thermal conductivity in semiconductors is very important for designing heat-transport-related devices, such as high-performance thermoelectric materials and heat dissipation in micro-nano-scale devices. In this work, the lattice thermal conductivity ( ) of the cage-like compounds Cu3VSe4 and Cu3NbSe4 was investigated by experimental measurements and first-principles calculations. The experimental of Cu3NbSe4 is approximately 25 % lower than that of Cu3VSe4 at 300 K. The relevant important physical parameters, including the sound velocity, heat capacity, weighted phonon phase space (W), and third-order force constants along with atomic mass were theoretically analyzed. It is found that W is the dominant parameter in determining the , and the other factors only play a minor role. The physical origin is the relatively “soft” lattice of Cu3NbSe4 with heavier atomic mass. This research provides deep insight into the correlation between the thermal conductivity and crystal structure and paves the way for discovering high-performance thermal management device and thermoelectric materials with intrinsically low . 相似文献
943.
The stability of spontaneous thin layers and thin layers formed upon cathodical polarization of Ti in KOH solutions have been
studied by potentiostatic and ellipsometric methods. At open circuit potential (OCP) the strongly adherent films, whose thickness
depends on the concentration of the KOH solution, were formed. During the cathodic polarization the transformation of these
films to weakly adsorbed precipitated layers on the electrode surface was observed. Comparing the theoretically computed curves
with the experimental Ψ vs Δ loci measured ellipsometrically, the complex indices of refraction and the thickness of the generated films, from 3.6
to 60 nm in 1 M KOH and from 36 to 105 nm in 5 M KOH (adherent to the electrode surface), were determined. At OCP the rate
of film growth increases with increasing the concentration of KOH solution. Cathodic polarizations change the chemical composition
and retard the rate of film growth. Based on the ellipsometric and electrochemical data the chemical compositions of the formed
films consisted of TiO2, Ti2O3, TiO2·H2O, Ti(OH)3 and TiOOH·nH2O. 相似文献
944.
Xiufang Xu Guichang Wang Xuezhuang Zhao Yinming Pan Yunxiao Liang Zhenfeng Shang 《Journal of mathematical chemistry》2007,41(2):143-160
In this paper, the fuzzy symmetry of some prototypical linear molecules has been analyzed. The results show that some molecular
orbitals (MOs) are less symmetrical but some others are more symmetrical than the molecular skeleton, which the MOs correspond
to. The membership functions of space inversion for MOs are closely related to the chemical characteristics of the MOs. Sometimes,
although the symmetry of a molecular skeleton is not obvious, however that of some MO is quite obvious. The membership functions
of the fuzzy inversion symmetry depend on the choice of the position of the center of inversion. As compared to those of diatomic
molecules and linear tri-atomic molecules, the linear polyatomic molecules in which a distinctive fuzzy symmetry of space
translation may exist, and thus a significant effect on their properties can be expected. 相似文献
945.
Xu-Chun Wang Jian-Feng Li He-Ping Chen Jie-Ying Wu Hong-Ping Zhou Jia-Xiang Yang Bao-Kang Jin Yu-Peng Tian 《Transition Metal Chemistry》2007,32(5):551-557
The novel compound, 3-(E)-ferrocenyl-vinyl-N-hexylcarbazole (FVHC) was first synthesized and fully characterized by elemental analysis, IR, 1H-NMR, single-crystal X-ray diffraction, ultraviolet (UV) absorption, cyclic voltammograms (CV) and optical limiting (OL)
measurements. The result of single crystal X-ray diffraction for the compound reveals that the ferrocenyl and carbazole groups
are approximately coplanar, and bridged by double-bond with E configuration, showing that there is a well-delocalized π-electron
system in the molecule. The electrochemical investigation indicated that the electron in the FVHC may partially be delocalized
over the π-conjugated system and CT process in functionalized carbazole systems. Besides, the compound exhibited strong UV
absorption and large optical limiting effect, indicating promising potential applications as useful OL materials. 相似文献
946.
Here we report the formation and spectroscopic properties of cadmium sulfide (CdS) nanocrystal systems: individual nanocrystal and CdS aggregates. The optical absorption and luminescence spectra of the aggregated CdS nanocrystals and individual nanocrystal show exciton aggregate and individual exciton characteristics. Although it is not Bose-Einstein condensation, such aggregated quantum dots (QDs) seem to supply us opportunity to study the interactions and condensation of excitons in multi-QDs system, not in the separated QDs system. 相似文献
947.
This paper reports a prototype for a standard connector between a microfluidic chip and the macro world. This prototype demonstrate a fully functioning socket for a microchip to access the outside world by means of fluids, data signals and energy supply. It supports up to 10 channels for the input and output of liquids or gases, as well as compressed air or vacuum lines for pneumatic power lines. The socket has built-in valves for each flow channel. It also contains 28 pins for the connection of electrical signals and power. Built-in valves make it possible to control the flow in each channel independently. A chip ( 11.0 x 11.0 x 0.9 mm) can be mounted into or dismounted from the socket with one touch. The fluidic connectors of the socket are designed to contact vertically on the top of chip. And the electrical connectors (the spring array) of that physically support the chip and contact lead pads at the bottom of chip. No adhesives or solders are used at any contact points. The pressure limit for the connection of working fluids was 0.2 MPa and the current limit for the electrical connections was 1 A. This socket supports both serial and parallel processing applications. It exhibits great potential for developing microfluidic systems efficiently. 相似文献
948.
碳纤维微电极已被广泛应用于电化学研究和分析测定,该电极尺寸极小,在分析性能上与常规电极有显著不同,在不镀汞的情况下,用碳纤维电极直接测定金属离子几乎没有明显的伏安响应,本文提出用+2.5 V恒电位预先活化碳纤维电极,使测定灵敏度大为提高,在双电极体系和静止溶液中,采用溶出伏安法可测定10~(-9)级金属离子,以同样的方法清洗电极,测定结果重现性良好,由于分析过程中不使用汞,该电极的测定范围大大增加,特别是用于氧化还原电位较正的金属离子测试,根据循环伏安法、扫描电镜和电子能谱的研究,发现碳纤维表面状况在处理前后有很大变化,并与测定灵敏度密切相关。 相似文献
949.
Analytical methodologies for aluminium speciation in environmental and biological samples--a review 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Bi SP Yang XD Zhang FP Wang XL Zou GW 《Fresenius' Journal of Analytical Chemistry》2001,370(8):984-996
It is recognized that aluminium (Al) is a potential environmental hazard. Acidic deposition has been linked to increased Al concentrations in natural waters. Elevated levels of Al might have serious consequences for biological communities. Of particular interest is the speciation of Al in aquatic environments, because Al toxicity depends on its forms and concentrations. In this paper, advances in analytical methodologies for Al speciation in environmental and biological samples during the past five years are reviewed. Concerns about the specific problems of Al speciation and highlights of some important methods are elucidated in sections devoted to hybrid techniques (HPLC or FPLC coupled with ET-AAS, ICP-AES, or ICP-MS), flow-injection analysis (FIA), nuclear magnetic resonance (27Al NMR), electrochemical analysis, and computer simulation. More than 130 references are cited. 相似文献
950.
Pyrolytic process has a promising potential for the environmentally friendly upgrading of lignocellulosic and plastic waste.
Thermogravimetry and pyrolysis-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (Py-GC/MS) were used to get information about the reactive
decomposition of PCL in binary mixtures with microcrystalline cellulose (MC) or sisal fibres (SF). Preliminary thermogravimetric
investigation showed that biomass is thermally degraded at lower temperatures than PCL and this process has a predominant
influence on the thermal behaviour of the mixtures. Discrepancies between the experimental and predicted TG/DTG profiles were
considered as a measurement of the extent of interactions occurring on co-pyrolysis. It was found that reactivity of PCL was
slightly increased in PCL-SF binary mixtures. Evolution of acidic products from cellulose and hemicelluloses decomposition
may promote PCL degradation in binary mixtures with SF. It seems that the co-pyrolysis process could have potential for the
environmentally friendly transformation of biocomposites. 相似文献