Supravital fluorometric apoptosis detection in a single mouse embryo using lab-on-a-chip

Detection of apoptosis is one of the main criteria of preimplantation embryo growth potential assessment. Recent developments in lab-on-a-chip techniques has led to apoptosis detection and monitoring on a single cell or embryo level. However, single embryo apoptosis detection without a change in embryo developmental competence and post-examination "recovery" still remains a challenge. In this paper we present a lab-on-a-chip, co-working with miniaturized optical instrumentation, which allows supravital examination of single embryos for the presence of apoptotic blastomers with full after lab-on-a-chip study "recovery" and maintenance of their further developmental capacity.     

Bis(5,7‐dimethyl‐8‐hydroxyquinolinato)platinum(II) Complex for Efficient Organic Heterojunction Solar Cells

Organic photovoltaic (OPV) cells using metal(II) (Pt, Pd, Cu, and Ni) chelates of 8‐hydroxyquinoline (Hq) or 5,7‐dimethyl‐8‐hydroxy‐quinoline (HMe₂q) as an electron donor were fabricated by vacuum deposition. The bis(5,7‐dimethyl‐8‐hydroxyquinolinato)platinum(II) [Pt(Me₂q)₂]‐based OPVs showed the best performance with an open voltage (V_OC) of 0.42 V, a short circuit current density (J_SC) of 14.8 mA cm^?2, and a maximum power conversion efficiency (η_P) of 2.4 %. The X‐ray single‐crystal structures together with the grazing incidence X‐ray diffraction (GIXRD) data of thin film samples reveal that the peripheral methyl substituent(s) and platinum(II) ion are essential for the high degree of film crystallinity resulting in improved performance of the as‐fabricated field‐effect transistors (FETs) and OPV cells.     

Organo‐ and Hydrogelators Based on Luminescent Monocationic Terpyridyl Platinum(II) Complexes with Biphenylacetylide Ligands

A series of phosphorescent terpyridyl platinum(II) complexes with ancillary biphenylacetylide ligands, namely, [(R₃tpy)PtC≡C(biphenyl)]X (R=tBu, H, or Et₂N; tpy=2,2′;6′,2′′‐terpyridyl; X is an anion) were synthesized and structurally characterized by various spectroscopic techniques and X‐ray diffraction methods. Despite a lack of long alkyl chain(s) or hydrogen‐bonding motif(s), complexes [(tpy)PtC≡C(biphenyl)]Cl and [(tBu₃tpy)PtC≡C(biphenyl)]X (X=Cl, ClO₄, PF₆, or BF₄) were found to gelate water and organic solvents, respectively. The self‐aggregation of these complexes in solutions and the resulting gels were investigated with variable‐temperature (VT) ¹H NMR spectroscopy, polarized optical microscopy, and absorption/emission spectroscopy. SEM micrographs on dry gels revealed entangled nanofibers with diameters of 20–40 nm and lengths of tens of micrometers. Powder X‐ray diffraction (PXRD) study revealed various degrees of crystallinity of these fibrillar nanostructures. The substituents on both the terpyridyl and acetylide ligands and counterion of these complexes play a profound but concerted role in tuning the intermolecular metal???metal and/or π–π interactions, and hence the gelation properties.     

Gold(I)‐Catalyzed Enantioselective Intermolecular Hydroarylation of Allenes with Indoles and Reaction Mechanism by Density Functional Theory Calculations

Chiral binuclear gold(I) phosphine complexes catalyze enantioselective intermolecular hydroarylation of allenes with indoles in high product yields (up to 90 %) and with moderate enantioselectivities (up to 63 % ee). Among the gold(I) complexes examined, better ee values were obtained with binuclear gold(I) complexes, which displayed intramolecular Au^I Au^I interactions. The binuclear gold(I) complex 4c [(AuCl)₂( L3 )] with chiral biaryl phosphine ligand (S)‐(−)‐MeO‐biphep ( L3 ) is the most efficient catalyst and gives the best ee value of up to 63 %. Substituents on the allene reactants have a slight effect on the enantioselectivity of the reaction. Electron‐withdrawing groups on the indole substrates decrease the enantioselectivity of the reaction. The relative reaction rates of the hydroarylation of 4‐X‐substituted 1,3‐diarylallenes with N‐methylindole in the presence of catalyst 4c [(AuCl)₂( L3 )] / AgOTf [ L3 =(S)‐(−)‐MeO‐biphep], determined through competition experiments, correlate (r²=0.996) with the substituent constants σ. The slope value is −2.30, revealing both the build‐up of positive charge at the allene and electrophilic nature of the reactive Au^I species. Two plausible reaction pathways were investigated by density functional theory calculations, one pathway involving intermolecular nucleophilic addition of free indole to aurated allene intermediate and another pathway involving intramolecular nucleophilic addition of aurated indole to allene via diaurated intermediate E2 . Calculated results revealed that the reaction likely proceeds via the first pathway with a lower activation energy. The role of Au^I Au^I interactions in affecting the enantioselectivity is discussed.     

Levi-Civita functional equations and the status of spectral synthesis on semigroups

We show, contrary to some published statements, that spectral synthesis does not generally hold for commutative semigroups that are not groups. On the positive side we prove that it holds if the semigroup is a monoid with no prime ideal. For semigroups with a prime ideal, the picture is not so clear. On the negative side we provide a variety of examples illustrating the failure of spectral synthesis for many semigroups with prime ideals, but we also give examples of semigroups with prime ideals on which spectral synthesis holds.

     

大孔阳树脂催化合成苯乙酸酯

利用Ｄ７２，Ｄ６１大孔阳离子交换树脂为催化剂，催化合成苯乙酸异戊酯、苯乙酸丁酯、苯乙酸苄酸、苯乙酸苯乙酯、苯乙酸茴香酯。对影响反应的诸因素进行了讨论，酯收率为９０％左右。     

二维正方格子磁性光子晶体的带隙结构

采用平面波展开的方法计算了正方格子二维磁性光子晶体(MPC)的光子带隙结构.散射子的形状分别为：长方形，正方形，六角形和圆形.通过调节磁导率，填充率和散射子的旋转角度，找到了MPC各种结构的最大的绝对带隙宽高比ω_R.研究发现：随着磁导率的增加，MPC绝对带隙中心频率ω_g单调减小，绝对带隙宽度Δω和其宽高比ω_R可能不同时达到最大值.而随着填充率或者散射子旋转角的增加，基本不改变ω_g的大小，各种结构的Δω和ω_R同时达到最大值. 关键词： 磁性光子晶体 光子带隙结构     

二维正方格子磁性光子晶体的界面传导模

采用平面波展开加超元胞方法计算了二维正方格子磁性光子晶体的光子带隙结构，其中散射子的形状分别为长方形，正方形，六角形和圆形.结果表明绝对带隙宽度和其宽高比远大于同种结构的非磁性光子晶体.在此基础上，构成了混合型异质结，并计算了相应的传导模，发现了理想的界面传导模，而且当磁性散射子为长方形、圆形、六角形散射子时产生传导模都不需要晶格畸变，这也是磁性光子晶体异质结所具备的优点. 关键词： 光子晶体 光子带隙结构 传导模