Specific solvent effects of hydroxylic solvents on the emission properties of ruthenium(ii)tris(2,2′-bipyridyl) chloride

The excited state of Ru(II)[bpy]₃ ²⁺ dissolved in hydroxylic solvents is subject to specific solvent effects, which were hitherto not understood on a quantitative basis. We determined the solvent effects of linear monovalent alcohols on the energy gap law of internal conversion with the help of lifetime and intensity measurements. An on-line method for measurement of the temperature dependence of quantum efficiencies was introduced. A modified Franck-Condon analysis of emission spectra by taking into account the shape of a Morse potential of the involved states was applied to compute excited-state energies.Abbreviations used Ru(II)[bpy]₃ ²⁺ ruthenium(II)tris(2,2-bipyridyl) chloride - MLCT metal-to-ligand charge transfer - PMT photomultiplier tube     

Finite-size effect on magnetic ordering temperatures in long-period antiferromagnets: holmium thin films

The thickness dependence of the helical antiferromagnetic ordering temperature T(N) was studied for thin Ho metal films by resonant magnetic soft x-ray and neutron diffraction. In contrast with the Curie temperature of ferromagnets, T(N) was found to decrease with film thickness d according to [T(N)(infinity)-T(N)(d)]/T(N)(d) proportional variant (d-d(0))(-lambda(')), where lambda(') is a phenomenological exponent and d(0) is of the order of the bulk magnetic period L(b). These observations are reproduced by mean-field calculations that suggest a linear relationship between d(0) and L(b) in long-period antiferromagnets.