全文获取类型
收费全文 | 21147篇 |
免费 | 3939篇 |
国内免费 | 3189篇 |
专业分类
化学 | 15871篇 |
晶体学 | 411篇 |
力学 | 1133篇 |
综合类 | 209篇 |
数学 | 2383篇 |
物理学 | 8268篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 55篇 |
2023年 | 440篇 |
2022年 | 770篇 |
2021年 | 901篇 |
2020年 | 998篇 |
2019年 | 983篇 |
2018年 | 821篇 |
2017年 | 841篇 |
2016年 | 1157篇 |
2015年 | 1188篇 |
2014年 | 1507篇 |
2013年 | 1801篇 |
2012年 | 2128篇 |
2011年 | 2180篇 |
2010年 | 1536篇 |
2009年 | 1390篇 |
2008年 | 1574篇 |
2007年 | 1234篇 |
2006年 | 1132篇 |
2005年 | 932篇 |
2004年 | 780篇 |
2003年 | 565篇 |
2002年 | 495篇 |
2001年 | 405篇 |
2000年 | 316篇 |
1999年 | 362篇 |
1998年 | 246篇 |
1997年 | 182篇 |
1996年 | 223篇 |
1995年 | 184篇 |
1994年 | 165篇 |
1993年 | 123篇 |
1992年 | 106篇 |
1991年 | 109篇 |
1990年 | 98篇 |
1989年 | 77篇 |
1988年 | 47篇 |
1987年 | 36篇 |
1986年 | 56篇 |
1985年 | 32篇 |
1984年 | 18篇 |
1983年 | 18篇 |
1982年 | 12篇 |
1981年 | 12篇 |
1979年 | 4篇 |
1977年 | 3篇 |
1976年 | 4篇 |
1975年 | 4篇 |
1974年 | 3篇 |
1957年 | 5篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
161.
Yan Yin Otoo Yamada Shunsuke Hayashi Kazuhiro Tanaka Hidetoshi Kita Ken‐Ichi Okamoto 《Journal of polymer science. Part A, Polymer chemistry》2006,44(12):3751-3762
A series of branched/crosslinked sulfonated polyimide (B/C‐SPI) membranes were prepared and evaluated as proton‐conducting ionomers based on the new concept of in situ crosslinking from sulfonated polyimide (SPI) oligomers and triamine monomers. Chemical branching and crosslinking in SPI oligomers with 1,3,5‐tris(4‐aminophenoxy)benzene as a crosslinker gave the polymer membranes very good water stability and mechanical properties under an accelerated aging treatment in water at 130 °C, despite their high ion‐exchange capacity (2.2–2.6 mequiv g?1). The resulting polymer electrolytes displayed high proton conductivities of 0.2–0.3 S cm?1 at 120 °C in water and reasonably high conductivities of 0.02–0.03 S cm?1 at 50% relative humidity. In a single H2/O2 fuel‐cell system at 90 °C, they exhibited high fuel‐cell performances comparable to those of Nafion 112. The B/C‐SPI membranes also displayed good performances in a direct methanol fuel cell with methanol concentrations as high as 50 wt % that were superior to those of Nafion 112. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 44: 3751–3762, 2006 相似文献
162.
Baijun Liu Gilles P. Robertson Michael D. Guiver Yi‐Ming Sun Yin‐Ling Liu Juin‐Yih Lai Serguei Mikhailenko Serge Kaliaguine 《Journal of Polymer Science.Polymer Physics》2006,44(16):2299-2310
A series of sulfonated poly(aryl ether ether ketone ketone)s statistical copolymers with high molecular weights were synthesized via an aromatic nucleophilic substitution polymerization. The sulfonation content (SC), defined as the number of sulfonic acid groups contained in an average repeat unit, could be controlled by the feed ratios of monomers. Flexible and strong membranes in sodium sulfonate form could be prepared by the solution casting method, and readily transformed to their proton forms by treating them in 2 N sulfuric acid. The polymers showed high Tgs, which increased with an increase in SC. Membranes prepared from the present sulfonated poly(ether ether ketone ketone) copolymers containing the hexafluoroisopropylidene moiety (SPEEKK‐6F) and copolymers containing the pendant 3,5‐ditrifluoromethylphenyl moiety (SPEEKK‐6FP) had lower water uptakes and lower swelling ratios in comparison with previously prepared copolymers containing 6F units. All of the polymers possessed proton conductivities higher than 1 × 10?2 S/cm at room temperature, and proton conductivity values of several polymers were comparable to that of Nafion at high relative humidity. Their thermal stability, oxidative stability, and mechanical properties were also evaluated. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys 44: 2299–2310, 2006 相似文献
163.
FENG Lei DENG Kai WANG Changhong 《声学学报:英文版》2006,25(2):171-183
Under the assumption that the sea bottom is an almost-flat and randomly rough thin layer, a spatial correlation model for bottom reverberation is constructed. At high signal noise ratio, the phase of the spatial correlation function is the product of sound wave number and the vertical vector between two hydrophones. In a nominally horizontal plane, roll and pitch bring on the vertical vector between the hydrophones. Then an equation including roll, pitch and the phase of the spatial correlation function is found. If a parallelogram can be constructed by 3 hydrophones and the rat ios of its acreage to diagonals are not smaller than half of the wavelength, roll and pitch can be obtained analytically or by optimal method. However, the ranges of roll and pitch are restricted because of the phase ambiguity. Using Fisher information matrix, the Cramer-Rao lower bound is obtained. Results from computer simulation and sea test data prove the feasibility of the method. 相似文献
164.
Two novel dithienylethenes with ferrocene units were synthesized by Wittig reaction. The structure of 2a has been established by X‐ray diffraction studies. They could reversibly interconvert between two thermally stable forms, an open and a closed one, using light of different wavelengths as triggers. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
165.
166.
分别采用功率密度为1.7W/cm2、照射剂量为2000J/cm2的Ar+激光与LD激光辐照高耐药性的志贺氏福氏痢疾杆菌,波长较短的Ar+激光(488nm)所引起细菌的致死率与药敏实变率明显高于波长较长的LD激光(808nm),即波长较短的Ar+激光的辐照导致细菌耐药性显著降低. 相似文献
167.
168.
Fabrication of tunable colloid crystals from amine-terminated polyamidoamine dendrimers 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Mingzhu Li Jingxia Wang Lin Feng Bingbing Wang Xinru Jia Lei Jiang Yanlin Song Daoben Zhu 《Colloids and surfaces. A, Physicochemical and engineering aspects》2006,290(1-3):233-238
A pH-responsive colloidal crystal was assembled using core-shell composite spheres, poly(styrene-methyl methacrylate-acrylic acid) (P(St-MMA-AA)) spheres covered by generation 4 amine-terminated polyamidoamine dendrimers. The light reflection of the colloidal crystal film can be tuned at different pH due to different protonation level of the dendrimers. The method shows a facile way to fabricate diffraction-based chemical and biological sensors by exploiting the effect of photonic crystal cooperated with tunable nanoparticles. 相似文献
169.
聚合物电致发光材料研究进展 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
本文较详细地综述了聚合物电致发光材料的研究进展,重点介绍了聚对苯撑乙烯(PPV),并提出了有关聚合物电致发光材料及器件构造研究的一些观点。 相似文献
170.