溶剂萃取预处理对低阶煤大分子结构的影响

为了研究溶剂预处理对低阶煤的固有大分子结构的影响,本研究对锡林郭勒褐煤（XLL）和神府次烟煤（SFC）分别进行了四氢呋喃（THF）索氏抽提、二硫化碳/N-甲基-2-吡咯烷酮（CS₂/NMP）混合溶剂抽提及热溶处理,并对所得抽余煤进行了傅里叶红外漫反射光谱分析（DRIFT）、热重分析（TGA）、压汞法分析（MI）和溶胀度测定。结果表明,溶剂抽提导致煤大分子结构重排和再缔合。其中,THF索式抽提和CS₂/NMP混合溶剂抽提可以改变非共价键交联作用,特别是氢键作用分布,从而不同程度地松弛煤大分子结构。然而,高温溶剂热溶处理主要促进了煤大分子的共价键交联,尤其是对锡林郭勒褐煤（XLL）。所有抽取煤的溶胀都受Fickian扩散控制,且所有抽取煤的溶胀活化能都低于原煤。     

Synthesis and antibacterial activity of Ag/CeO<Subscript>2</Subscript> hybrid architectures

Flower-like ceria (CeO₂) architectures consisting of well aligned nanosheets were first synthesized by a glycol solvothermal method. The size of CeO₂ architectures is about 5?μm in width and 10?μm in length, with the nanosheets thickness below 100?nm. Subsequently, the adsorbed Ag ions on the surface of CeO₂ were in situ reduced to form Ag nanoparticles (NPs), leading to the fabrication of Ag/CeO₂ hybrid architectures (HAs). The formed Ag NPs with sizes of 20–40?nm were uniformly loaded on the surface of the CeO₂ sheets. The antibacterial properties of Ag/CeO₂ HAs against Gram-negative E. coli and Gram-positive S. aureus were evaluated by minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC), and a filter paper inhibition zone method. The results demonstrated that Ag/CeO₂ HAs displayed excellent antibacterial activity toward S. aureus and E. coli, which were attributed to the synergistic antibacterial effect between Ag NPs and CeO₂ in HAs_. Here, CeO₂ nanoflowers as a new substrate could restrict Ag NPs aggregations and improve their antibacterial activities. Therefore, the resulted Ag/CeO₂ HAs would be considered as a promising antibacterial agent.

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22-降-豆甾-22-含氮化合物的合成及抗肿瘤活性

通过结构改造,合成了不同支链的甾体化合物并测定了它们的抗肿瘤细胞增殖活性,探讨了不同支链对抗肿瘤活性的影响。     

流动注射法同时测定海水中氨氮和磷酸盐

采用流动注射法同时测定海水中氨氮和磷酸盐的含量。在优化的试验条件下,氨氮和磷酸盐的线性范围分别为0.25 mg·L-1和0.30 mg·L-1以内,检出限(3S/N)分别为0.42μg·L-1和0.56μg·L-1。氨氮和磷酸盐加标回收率分别在85.0%~103%和86.7%~103%之间,测定值的相对标准偏差(n=6)分别在0.43%~5.3%和0~4.1%之间。方法用于分析标准物质,测定结果与分光光度法的结果一致。     

心衰标志物可视化联合检测方法研究

基于夹心免疫原理和表面免疫吸附模型,采用Image Pro Plus软件对硅片表面磁颗粒分布图像进行定量化处理,建立了硅片表面心衰标志物可视化联合检测方法。研究表明,该方法从抗体包被到获得检测结果不超过1 ｈ,操作简单,在单张硅片上可实现心衰标志物NT-proBNP和cTnI的联合检测。NT-proBNP和cTnI的最低检出限分别为21.8 pg/mL和0.034 ng/mL,检测范围分别为21.8~40000 pg/mL和0.034~50 ng/mL。83例不同程度心血管疾病患者的血清样本的检测结果与商品化免疫分析仪检测结果一致,相关系数r>0.98。因此,该快速免疫检测方法可以满足临床检测心衰标志物的需要。     

低共熔溶剂中新型螺环吲哚衍生物的绿色合成

在低共熔溶剂氯化胆碱/草酸催化作用下,由醛、吲哚和6,10-二氧杂螺[4.5]十烷-7,9-二酮三组分多米诺Knoevenagel-Michael反应合成了一系列新型螺环吲哚衍生物,产率为70%~97%.该方法条件温和,操作简单,反应时间短,对环境友好等优点,且催化剂廉价易得.     

Chloroacetate‐Promoted Selective Oxidation of Heterobenzylic Methylenes under Copper Catalysis

The efficient selective oxidation and functionalization of C? H bonds with molecular oxygen and a copper catalyst to prepare the corresponding ketones was achieved with ethyl chloroacetate as a promoter. In this transformation, various substituted N‐heterocyclic compounds were well tolerated. Preliminary mechanistic investigations indicated that organic radical species were involved in the overall process. The N‐heterocyclic compounds and ethyl chloroacetate work synergistically to activate C? H bonds in the methylene group, which results in the easy generation of free radical intermediates, thus leading to the corresponding ketones in good yields.     

Solventless Formation of G‐Quartet Complexes Based on Alkali and Alkaline Earth Salts on Au(111)

Template cations have been extensively employed in the formation, stabilization and regulation of structural polymorphism of G‐quadruplex structures in vitro. However, the direct addition of salts onto solid surfaces, especially under ultra‐high‐vacuum (UHV) conditions, to explore the feasibility and universality of the formation of G‐quartet complexes in a solventless environment has not been reported. By combining UHV‐STM imaging and DFT calculations, we have shown that three different G‐quartet‐M (M: Na/K/Ca) complexes can be obtained on Au(111) using alkali and alkaline earth salts as reactants. We have also identified the driving forces (intra‐quartet hydrogen bonding and electrostatic ionic bonding) for the formation of these complexes and quantified the interactions involved. Our results demonstrate a novel route to fabricate G‐quartet‐related complexes on solid surfaces, providing an alternative feasible way to bring metal elements to surfaces for constructing metal–organic systems.     

三个喹啉氧基乙酰胺镧系(Eu、Gd、Er)配合物的合成、结构及Eu配合物的荧光性质

合成并通过单晶衍射表征了3个稀土配合物Ln(L)(NO₃)₃(H₂O)(L=N-苯基-2-(5-氯-8-喹啉氧基)乙酰胺,Ln=Eu(1),Gd(2),Er(3)),结构与拥有相同有机配体的Pr,Nd和Sm配合物同构。在每个配合物中,十配位的稀土离子采取扭曲的双帽四方反棱柱配位构型,分别与来自1个配体L的2个氧原子和1个氮原子,3个双齿配位硝酸根和1个水分子配位。配合物1能够发射Eu(Ⅲ)离子特征荧光,荧光寿命为437 μs。     

无溶剂研磨合成双核席夫碱配合物及多组分自分类行为

利用手动研磨法在无溶剂条件下通过1,4-二(咪唑-2-甲醛)丁烷(A)、2,4-二亚甲基-二(咪唑-2-甲醛)-三甲基苯(B)、2,5-二亚甲基-二(咪唑-2-甲醛)-对-二甲苯(C)中的任一组分与N-乙基乙二胺(D)和三氟甲磺酸亚铁组装合成3个Fe(Ⅱ)席夫碱配合物1、2和3。X射线单晶衍射表明,配合物1结晶于空间群Cmca,2和3结晶于空间群P21/c。1~3中每个Fe(Ⅱ)与配体中6个氮原子配位形成变形八面体FeN_6配位环境;每个双臂六齿配体螯合2个亚铁离子,而每个亚铁离子被2条配体包裹形成Fe_2L_2型双核配合物。基于以上配合物的合成,我们详细研究了混合多组分间的固态自分类行为。研究表明,多组分[D+A+B+Fe~(2+)]或[D+A+C+Fe~(2+)]发生自恋型自分类;而多组分[D+B+C+Fe~(2+)]发生群体型自分类,形成了一个由2个不同类型配体构筑的Fe2LL′杂配型配合物4,同时X射线单晶衍射确证了4的结构。此外,通过与溶液中自分类的对比,我们发现该体系固态自分类表现出更为高效的特点。